初中英语连词用法练习题.pdf

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1、 初中英语时态总结动词的时态英语共有16种时态，根据近几年曝光的四、六级考卷分析，时态测试重点主要有：完成时态一现在完成时、过去完成时、招来完成时；进行时态一现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、完成进行时；一般时态。一、一般时态1、一般现在时(1)一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的动作或状态或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态，常和副词usually,often,alwayssometimes,regular ly,near,occasional ly,every year,everyweek等连用。例 如：1)The moon moves round the e a rth.2)Mr.Smi th

2、travels to work by bus every day.(2)在由 after,u n til,before,once,when,even if,incase,as long as,as soon as,the moment 以及 if,un I ess等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替将来时。例 如：1)1 wi11 tel I him the news as soon as I see him.2)I wi11 not go to countryside if it rains tomorrow.(3)某些表示起始的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安

3、排要发生的动作，这类动词有：be,go,come,start,depart,arrive,begin,leave等。例 如：1)The plane I eaves at three sharp.2)The new teachers arrive tomorrow.(4)在由 why,what,where,whoever,who,that,as 等引导的从句中，也常用一般现在时代替将来时。例 如：1)Free tickets wi11 be given to whoever comes firs t.2)You 1 1 probably be in the same train as I am

4、tomorrow.2.一般过去时(1)表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态,常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例 如：W e went to the pictures last night and saw a veryinteresting film.(2)表示过去习惯性动作。例 如：1)He always went to class last.2)I used to do m y homework in the Iibrary.（注意与be used to doing短语的区别）3.一般将来时1）表示招来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例 如：I shalI gradua

5、te next year.2）几种替代形式：Dbe going to+v在口语中广泛使用，表示准备做或将发生的事情。例 如：I m going to buy a house when we ve saved enough money.2）b e to+v表示计划安排要做的事，具 有“必要”的强制性意义。例 如：I am to play tennis this afternoon.3）be about to+v表示即将发生的事情。例 如：He was about to s ta rt.4)bedueto+v表示预先确定了的事，必定发生的事。例 如：The train is due to depa

6、rt in ten minutes.5)be on the point/verge of+v-in g强调即将发生的某种事态。例 如：The baby was on the point of crying when her motherfin a lly came home.二、进行时态1.现在进行时(1)表示现在正在进行的动作，常与now,ightnow,at themother,for the time being,for the present 等连用。例 如：Don t disturb her.She is reading a newspaper now.（2）表示现阶段经常发生的动作

7、，常与always,continual ly,forever,constant I y 等连用。例 如：My father is forever c ritic iz in g me.（3）表示根据计划或安排在最近要进行的事情。具有这种语法功能的动词仅限于过渡性动词。即表示从一个状态或位置转移到另一 状态或位置上去的动词。常用的有：go,come,leave,start,a r r iv e,etun等。例 如：They are leaving for Hong Kong next month.（4）有些动词不能用进行时，这是一类表示“感觉，感情，存在，从属”等的动词。如：see,hear,s

8、mell,taste,feel,not ice,look,appear,（表示感觉的词）；hate,love,fear,I ike,want,wish,prefer,refuse,forgive（表示感情的动词）;be,exist,remain,stay,obtain（表示存在状态的动词）;have,possess,own,contain,be I ong,consist of,form（表示占有与从属的动词）；understand,know,be I ieve,think,doubt,fo rg e t,emembei（表示思考理解的动词）。但是如果它们词义改变，便也可用进行时态。例 如：D

9、Torn looks pale.What s wrong with him?（look在此为联系动词，意 为“显得，看上去”）2）Tom is looking for his books.（look在此为实义动词，意 为“寻找”）2.过去进行时过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后 另一个过去的动作正在进行，或表示过去反复的习惯，常与always,continual ly,constant I y 等动词连用。例 如：1）W e were discussing the matter when the headmasterentered.2）Whenever I visite d him,h

10、e was always w ritin g at thedesk.3.将来进行时将来进行时主要表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时刻开始，并继续下去的动作。常用来表示礼貌的询问、请求等。例 如：DThis time next day they wi 1 1 be sittin g in the cinema.2）What wi11 you be doing at six tomorrow evening?4.完成进行时（现在、过去、招来）完成进行时是（现在、过去、将来）完成时的强调形式，将放在完成时态部分讲述。三、完成时态完成时态通常表示已完成或从事的动作。它可分为：1 .现

11、在完成时(1)现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的，刚刚完成的动作(常与yet,already,ju s t连用)，或者过去某一时刻发生的，持续到现在的情况(常与fo，since连用)。例 如：1)1 have just f inished my homework.2)Mary has been i11 for three days.(2)常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：since,for,during,over 等引导出的短语；副词 al ready,y e t,ju st,ever,now,before,often,lately,re ce n tly等;状语词组th is week(m

12、orning,month,year),so fa r,up to now,many times,upto the present 等。例 如：1)1 haven t been there for five years.2)So far,she hasn1 t enjoyed the summer vacation.3)There have been a lot of changes since 1978.(3)完成时态可用在下列结构中：This(That,It)is(was)the firs t(second-)time+定语从句；This(That,It)is(was)the only(la

13、 s t)+n+定 语 从 句；This(That,It)is(was)+形容词最高级+n+定语从句。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时；如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时。例 如：(D This is one of the rarest quest ions that have everbeen raised at such a meeting.(2)There was a knock at the door.It was the second timesomeone had interrupted me that evening.2.过去

14、完成时(1)表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例 如：1)We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.2)By the end of last year they had turned out 5,000bicycles.(2)动 词expect,hope,mean,intend,plan,suppose,wish,want,d e sire等用过去完成时，表示过去的希望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现。例 如：I had m

15、eant to take a good ho Ii day th is year,but Iwasn t able to get away.另外两种表示“过去想做而未做的事”的表达方式是：1)was/were+to have done s th,例 如：W e were to have come yesterday,but we couldn t.2)intended(expected,hope,meant,planned,supposed,wished,wanted,desired)+to have done s th,例 如：I meant to have told you about i

16、t,but I forgot to doso.(3)过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：D hardly,scarcely,barely+过去完成时+when+过去时。例 如：Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.2)no sooner+过去完成时+than+过去时。例如:No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.3)by(the end of)+过去时间，主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例 如：The exper iment had been f ini shed by 4 o cl

17、ock yesterdayafternoon.3.将来完成时招来完成时表示在招来某一时刻将完成或在另一个未来的动作发生之前已经完成的动作；也可以用来表示一种猜测。常与将来完成时连用的时间状语有：by(the time/the end of)+表示将来时间的短语和句子；before(the end of)+表示将来时间的词语或句子；when,a fte r等加上表示招来动作的句子等。例 如：1)By th is time tomorrow you wi 1 1 have arrived inShanghai.2)I shalI have finished th is composition be

18、fore 9o clock.3)When we get on the raiI way station,the train wi11probably have le ft.4.完成进行时完成进行时是完成时的强调形式，有现在完成进行时，过去完成进行时，将来完成进行时。(1)现在完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例 如：I have been looking for my lost book for three days,butI s t ill haven t found it.(2)过去完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例

19、如:It had been raining cats and dogs for over a week andthe downpour had caused IandsI i des in many pI aces.(3)将来完成进行时表示在将来某一时刻之前开始的一个动作或状态一直延续到将来某一时刻。例 如：By the t ime you arrive tonight,she wi 11 have been typ ingfor hours.四：时态一致时态一致是英语以六级考试的一个重要内容。通常应由主句谓语的时态决定从句的谓语时态。一般原则是：1、当主句谓语使用现在时或将来时，从句的谓语根

20、据具体情况使用任何时态He says that he Iives in Wuhan.W e hope that there wi11 be many peopIe at your partytoday.Did you hear that Bi 11 f i na 1 1 y so I d the house?Yes,but I don t know who bought i t.”“There s a lot of excitement on the s tre e t.wThere certa inly is.Do you suppose the astronauts havereturne

21、d?”2、当主句谓语使用过去时的时候，从句的谓语必须使用过去范围的时态He said he was w ritin g a noveI.The teacher wanted to know when we would fin ish theexper iment.He said his father had been an engineer.3、当从句是表示没有时间概念的真理时，从句的谓语应使用一般现在时。例 如：The teacher told them since I ight travels faster thansound,Iightning appears to go before

22、thunder.注：在此种情况下，即使主句谓语用了过去式的各种时态，从句谓语也应用一般现在时。4、从句谓语只能用虚拟语气的情况利用时态一致原则确定从句动词时态时，还应注意，若主语动词是表示命令、请求、要求、建议、劝告等的动词，从句谓语只能用虚拟语气，不能遵循时态一致原则。例 如：W e insisted that we do it ourselves.动词的语态语态也是动词的一种形式，英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。1）W e use e le c tric ity to run m achines.（主动语态）2)E le

23、 c tric ity is used to run m achines.(被动语态)1.不能用于被动语态的动词和短语(1)在英语中，不及物动词不能用于被动语态，但有些不及物动词(包括短语)容易引起误用。如:appear,belong,belong,die,escape,f a lI,happen,last,remain,succeed,occur,come true,take place,consist o f0(2)某些表示状态或特征的及物动词，如：become,contain,cost,f it,have,resemble,su it 也没有被动语态。2.被动语态的时态形式常用的被动语态

24、有表1所列的几种时态形式。表1时?SPAN lang=EN-US 一般时 进行时 完成时现在 am asked am being askedis asked is being askedare asked are being asked过去was be asked was being askedwere be asked were being asked将来 sha 1 1 be asked sha 1 1 have been askedwi11 be asked wi11 have been asked过去 shou I d be asked shou I d have been asked

25、将来 would be asked would have been asked3.短语动词的被动语态短语动词转换为被动语态时，通常被看作是一个动词，后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略。例 如：1）So far no correct conclusion has arrived a t.2）AII the rubbish shouId be got rid of.4.“get+-ed分词”的被动语态“get+-e d 分词”结构强调动作的结果，而非动作本身，常用来表示突发性的，出乎意料的偶然事件。例 如：The boy got hurt on his way home from work.另外，“g

26、et+-ed分词”还可用于谈论为自己做的事，是主动的行为而不是被动的行为。例 如：get dressed（穿衣服）get divorced（陶婚）get engaged（订婚）get con fused（迷惑不解）get lost（迷路）get washed（洗脸）get married（结婚）5.能带两个宾语和复合宾语的动词改为被动语态(1)能带两个宾语的动词改为被动语态时，一次只能由一个宾语作主语，另一个宾语被保留下来。例 如：1)We showed the v is ito rs our new products.(主动语态)2)The v is ito rs were shown ou

27、r new products.(被动语态)3)0ur new products were shown to the v is ito rs.(被动语态)(2)能带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时，原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。例 如：1)The teacher appointed him League secretary.(主动语态)2）He was appointed League secretary.（被动语态）6.被动语态与系表结构的区别（1）The novel was we 11 w ritte n.（系表结构）（2）The novel was w ritten by Diskens.（

28、被动语态）7.少数动词的主动语态有时有被动的意思例 1 ：The book is se llin g remarkably w ell.例 2：The song sounds very b e a u tifu l.能这样用的动词还有ead（读起来），clean（擦起来），wash（洗起来），w rite（写起来）。例 3：My watch needs cleaning.（=My watch needs to becleaned）.能像need这样用的动词还有：want,require,deserve,do,owe,b in d等。例4：The meat is cooking.例5：The b

29、ook written by the professor is printing.初中英语连词用法练习题 英语连词用法练习题（附详解）1.Oh,I failed againDont lose heart.One more e f f o r t,y o u willsucceed.A.so that B.therefore C.however D.and2.a difficult situation,so you should send him amessage and give him some advice.A.As he is in B.He is in C.Being inD.He b

30、eing in3.9ie said she would work it out h e r s e l f,a s k me forhelp.A.and not to B.but not C.and prefer not D.rather than4.enough time,but I couldnt do it better.A.I was given B.Given C.To be given D.Though I was given5.How can I wake up so early?S&t the alarm at 5 o c l o c k,y o u l l make it.A

31、.but B.or C.and D.so6.For a person with reading habits,a printed page containsnot only words ideas,thoughts and feelings.A.yet B.and C.or D.but7.Information technology is taught in most schools,we have entered the information society.A.so B.while C.still D.for8.English is understood all over the wor

32、ld Turkey isspoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself.A.while B.when C.if D.as9.I was on the point of going to bed Mr.Zhang rang.A.as B.when C.while D.and10.I asked him whether he had done all the work himselfwhether he had had any assistance.A.and B.but C.norD.or11.In some c o u n t r i e s

33、,a r e called*public schoolsare not owned by the public.A.which B.as C.what D.that12.happens in the world makes us happy and sad byturns.A.That B.What C.Which D.Whether13.I read about thisstory in some book or other,does itm atter it was?A.where B.what C.how D.which14.One of the men present held the

34、 view the booksaid was right.A.what that B.what C.thatD.that what15.I had walked for six hours,I was tired out.A.After B.Before C.WhenD.As16.Tom make up his mind to get a seat for the foot ball matchit means standing in a queue all night.A.as if B.as t hough C.even ifD.whatever17.The roof fell he ha

35、d time to dash into the houseto save his baby.A.as B.after C.untilD.before18.Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your testscores,and this is especially true it comes toclassroom tests.A.as B.since C.when D.after19.I have been keeping that photo I can see it everyday,as it always reminds me

36、of my college days.A.which B.where C.whether D.when20.bu may borrow this book you promise to giveit back.A.in case B.so long as C.as ifD.even if21.the man grew older,he lost interest ineverything except gardening.A.With B.Snce C.While D.As22.you understand this rule,youll have no furtherdifficulty.A

37、.Once B.Unless C.As D.Until23.I had no sooner got back to the kitchen thedoor-bell rang loud enough to wake the dead.A.when B.than C.as D.while24.I criticized him,you know,not I hate him butI love him.A.because;because B.because;for C.for;because D.for;for25.he studies hard,he will never pass theexa

38、mination.A.If B.Unless C.R/en if D.Even though26.9ie worked hard everything would be ready bythe time he came back.A.since B.so that C.as if D.unless27.He waited the volcano became quiet and he wasable to return two days later.A.whenB.beforeC.asD.until28.May I go and play football with Dick this aft

39、ernoon,Dad?No,you cant go out your work is being done.A.before B.until C.asD.after29.A warning news report from Qatar announces that a groupof Islam will continue to kill Americans wherever they arethey leave the Arab world forever.A.even though B.in case C.whenever D.until30.I was so familiar with

40、her that I recognized her voiceI picked up the phone.A.the moment B.after C.beforeD.while【答案解析】1.D.考 查“祈使句/名词+and+陈述句”句型。句意为：“再努力点，你就会成功的2.B.so（因此）是并列连词，引出一个表示结果的分句，前面应是一个表示原因的分句，而无需再用连词，排除A；C和 D又不是句子，也错了。3.D.因 为 rather than是对称连词，意 为“而不”（)o4.A.因为but是并列连词，后面是个句子，前面也一定是个句子，而不是一个分词短语或不定式短语，更不能再用连词thoug

41、h,所以排除B、C和 D。5.C.考 查“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型，意 为“如果就乙虽然o r也可用于此句型，但 o r是“否则、要不然”之意，如：Work hard,or you*II fa il.(努力学习，否则就会不及格。)6.D.因 为 not 0nlybut(also)是固定搭配()o7.D.因为句中的并列连词fo r表示原因，是对前面分句所述内容的解释或补充说明。8.A.因为句中的并列连词while表 示“对比或相反”。9.B.因为句中的并列连词when=just at that tim e,意 为“这时(突然)10.D.因为只有。r 才能表示选择,意为“(是)还 是”。11.

42、CX本题考查w hat引导主语从句，并在主语从句中作主语。句 意 为“在许多国家，所 谓 的“公立学校”并非公众拥有。12.Bo本题考查引导主语从句的连接词。th a t引导主语从句只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义，但不能省略。what除引导主语从句外，还在从句中作成分。which指一定范围内的“哪一个；whether意 为“是否”。根据句意“世上的事喜忧交替”可知答案为B(from )o13.Do该题考查宾语从句。可以看作是does it matter whichbookit was的省略。一定注意此题受母语干扰，很容易错选答案 为 A o 只要抓住题干前一句I read abou

43、t this story in somebook or other的提示，就可知道是指一定范围内的“哪一个”，故答案为Do14.Do th a t引导同位语从句；what the book said是同位语从句中的主语。15.从本题考查以after引导的时间状语从句，意为“在之后乙句 意 为“步行了六小时后，我累坏了16.0,even if=even though,引导的让步状语从句,意为“即使,尽管“，符合题意。17.D o本题考查before引导的时间状语从句，意 为“在之前 乙 句 意 为“他来不及冲进去救他的孩子，屋顶就塌了”。18.0,When it comes to.是一固定句型,

44、意为“当谈到.时，涉 及 句 意 为“做作业是提高考分的一个可靠方法，这在涉及到课堂测验时尤其正确“(from )019.a 该题考查where引导的地点状语从句，表示“在地方”。句意为“我一直把照片放在我每天都能看到的地方，因为它总使我回想起大学里的日子”。20.Bo so long as=so long a s,意 为“只要”，表示条件。句意为“只要你答应归还，你就可以把这书借走21.Do本题考查as引导的时间状语从句，表示事物的进展，意为“随着”。句 意 为“那人年纪越来越大，除了园艺外其他都不感兴趣”。22.Ao once引导的让步状语从句，意 为“一旦”。句意为“一旦明白了这条规则，

45、就再也没有困难了乙23.Bb no sooner than 意 为“刚就”，相当于 as soon a s.句意 为“我刚走回厨房，门铃又响了，响得足以把死人吵醒”。类似用法还有 hardly/scarcelywhen.。24.A o 本题考查because引导的原因状语从句及与fo r的区别。fo r不能跟notbut这一结构连用，句意为“我批评他不是因为我恨他而是因为我爱他”。25.0b unless引导的条件状语从句。句 意 为“他如果不努力学习，就永远不能考及格26.B。so th a t引导目的状语从句。句 意 为“她拼命干一边能在他回来时把一切都准备好”。27.Do u n til

46、引导的时间状语从句。句 意 为“他一直等到火山平息下来，两天后他才得以重回火山上”。28.0b此题很容易错选B。误认为是notuntil句型。实际上只要抓住your work is being done.这一提示就找到了答题的关键。29.Do本题考查u n til引导的时间状语从句，意为“到.为止,在以前”。30.A o 名词短语the moment用作连词，相当于as soon as,引导时间状语从句。意 为“一就”。类似的短语或词还有theminute,the instance,directly,immediately 等 初中英语句型结构总结 阅读：1573初中英语句型结构总结11 se

47、e,hear,notice,find,feel,listen to,look at（感官动词）+doeg:I like watching monkeys jump.2（比较级a n d比较级）表示越来越一3 a piece of cake=easy 小菜一碟（容易）补：a place ofinterest 名胜4 agree with s b.赞成某人5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一种/样6 all over the world=the whole world 整个 世界7 along with 同.L道，伴随.eg:I will go along with yo

48、u 我将和你一起去The students planted trees along with their teachers.学生同老师们一起种树。8 As soon as.就.9 as you can see 你是知道的10 ask fo r.求助 向要.（直接接想要的东西）eg:askyou for my book11 ask sb.for s th.向某人什么12 ask sb.to do s th.询问某人某事 ask sb.not to do s th.叫某人不要做某事13 at the age of 在.岁时eg：I am sixteen.I am at the age of six

49、teen.14 at the beginning o f.的起初；.的开始15 at the end of+地点/+时间 最后；尽头；末 尾eg:At theend of t he day16 at thistime of year在每年的这个时候 补：at least至少17 be/feel confident of sth./that clause+从句 感觉/对什么有信心，自信eg:I am/feel confident of my spoken English I feel that Ican pass the test18 be+doing表：1现在进行时2将来时19 be able

50、 to（+v.原）=can（+v.原）能够eg:Sie is able to sing.Sie can sing.补：base on 以.（为）根据20 be able to do s th.能够干什么 eg:9ie is able to sing.21 be afraid to do（of s th.恐惧，害怕.eg:Im afraed to go out at night.Im afraid of dog.22 be allowed to d o被允许做什么eg:Im allowed to watch T V.我被允许看电视。I should be allowed to watch T V