《初一英语完形填空练习题(含答案).pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《初一英语完形填空练习题(含答案).pdf（19页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、 初中英语时态总结动词的时态英语共有16种时态，根据近几年曝光的四、六级考卷分析，时态测试重点主要有：完成时态一现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时；进行时态一现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、完成进行时；一般时态。一、一般时态1、一般现在时(1)一般现在时表示没有时限的持久存在的动作或状态或现阶段反复发生的动作或状态，常和副词usual ly,often,always sometimes,regularly,near,occasiona11y,every year,every week 等连用。例 如：1)The moon moves round the e a rth.2)Mr.Smith
2、 travels to work by bus every day.(2)在由 after,unt i I,before,once,when,even i f,in case,as longas,as soon as,the moment以 及if,unless等引导的时间状语从句或条件状语从句中，通常用一般现在时代替将来时。例 如：1)1 wi11 tel I him the news as soon as I see him.2)I wi11 not go to countryside if it rains tomorrow.(3)某些表示起始的动词，可用一般现在时表示按规定、计划或安排
3、要发生的动作，这类动词有：be,go,come,start,depart,arrive,begin,leave等。例 如：1)The plane I eaves at three sharp.2)The new teachers arrive tomorrow.(4)在由 why,what,where,whoever,who,that,as 等引导的从句中，也常用一般现在时代替将来时。例 如：DFree tickets wi11 be given to whoever comes fir s t.2)You 11 probably be in the same tra in as I am t
4、omorrow.2.一般过去时(1)表示过去某一特定时间所发生的、可完成的动作或状态，常与表示确切过去时间的词、短语或从句连用。例 如：W e went to the pictures last night and saw a very interesting film.(2)表示过去习惯性动作。例 如：1)He always went to class last.2)I used to do m y homework in the Iibrary.(注意与be used to doing短语的区别)3.一般将来时1)表示招来打算进行或期待发生的动作或状态。例 如：I sha11 gradua
5、te next year.2)几种替代形式：1)begoingto+v在口语中广泛使用，表示准备做或将发生的事情。例 如：r m going to buy a house when we ve saved enough money.2)be to+v表示计划安排要做的事，具 有“必要”的强制性意义。例 如：I am to play tennis th is afternoon.3)be about to+v表示即揩发生的事情。例 如：He was about to s ta rt.4)be due to+v表示预先确定了的事，必定发生的事。例 如：The tra in is due to de
6、part in ten minutes.5)be on the point/verge of+v-in g强调即将发生的某种事态。例 如：The baby was on the point of crying when her mother fin a lly came home.二、进行时态1.现在进行时(1)表示现在正在进行的动作，常与now,right now,at the mother,forthe time being,for the present 等连用。例 如：Don t disturb her.She is reading a newspaper now.(2)表示现阶段经常
7、发生的动作，常与always,continual ly,forever,constant Iy等连用。例 如：My father is forever c ritic iz in g me.(3)表示根据计划或安排在最近要进行的事情。具有这种语法功能的动词仅限于过渡性动词。即表示从一个状态或位置转移到另一个状态或位置上去的动词。常用的有：go,come,I eave,start,ar r i ve,return 等。例 如：They are Ieaving for Hong Kong next month.（4）有些动词不能用进行时，这是一类表示“感觉，感情，存在，从属”等的动词。如：see,
8、hear,smell,taste,feel,notice,look,a p p e a r,（表示感觉的词）;hate,love,fear,like,want,wish,prefer,refuse,forgive（表示感情的动词）；be,exist,remain,stay,obtain（表示存在状态的动词）；have,possess,own,contain,be I ong,consist of,form（表示占有与从属的动词）；understand,know,be I i eve,think,doubt,fo rg e t,emembe（表示思考理解的动词）。但是如果它们词义改变，便也可用进
9、行时态。例 如：1）Tom looks pale.What s wrong with him?（look在此为联系动词，意 为“显得，看上去”）2）Tom is Iooking for his books.（look在此为实义动词，意 为“寻找”）2.过去进行时过去进行时表示一个过去的动作发生时或发生后，另一个过去的动作正在进行，或表示过去反复的习惯，常与always,continual ly,constantly等动词连用。例 如：1)We were discussing the matter when the headmaster entered.2）Whenever I visite d
10、 him,he was always w ritin g at the desk.3.将来进行时将来进行时主要表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时刻开始，并继续下去的动作。常用来表示礼貌的询问、请求等。例 如：1）This time next day they wi11 be s ittin g in the cinema.2）What wi11 you be doing at six tomorrow evening?4.完成进行时（现在、过去、将来）完成进行时是（现在、过去、将来）完成时的强调形式,将放在完成时态部分讲述。三、完成时态完成时态通常表示已完成或从事的动作。它可
11、分为：1.现在完成时(1)现在完成时用来表示对目前状况仍有影响的，刚刚完成的动作(常与yet,already,ju s t连用)，或者过去某一时刻发生的，持续到现在的情况(常与for,since连用)。例 如：1)1 have just f inished my homework.2)Mary has been i11 for three days.常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：since,fo，during,over等引导出的短语；副词already,yet,ju st,ever,now,before,often,lately,recently 等;状语词组 th is week(morn
12、ing,month,year),so fa r,up to now,many times,up to the present 等。例 如：1)1 haven*t been there for five years.2)So fa r,she hasn,t enjoyed the summer vacation.3)There have been a lot of changes since 1978.(3)完成时态可用在下列结构中：This(That,It)is(was)the fir s t(second-)time+定语从句;This(That,It)is(was)the only(la
13、s t)+n+定语从句;This(That,It)is(was)+形容词最高级+n+定语从句。如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词通常用现在完成时；如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句谓语动词通常用过去完成时。例 如：(D This is one of the rarest questions that have ever been raised atsuch a meeting.(2)There was a knock at the door.11 was the second time someone hadinterrupted me that evening.2.过去完成时(1
14、)表示过去某时间前已经发生的动作或情况，这个过去的时间可以用by,before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示；或者表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。例 如：1)We had just had our breakfast when Tom came in.2)By the end of last year they had turned out 5,000 bicycles.动 词expect,hope,mean,intend,plan,suppose,wish,want,desire等用过去完成时，表示过去的希望、预期、意图或愿望等没有实现。例 如：I had meant to t
15、ake a good ho Ii day th is year,but I wasn*t able toget away.另外两种表示“过去想做而未做的事”的表达方式是：Dwas/were+to have done s th,例 如：W e were to have come yesterday,but we couldn*t.2)intended(expected,hope,meant,planned,supposed,wished,wanted,desired)+to have done s th,例 如：I meant to have told you about i t,but I f
16、orgot to do so.(3)过去完成时常用于以下固定句型：D hardly,scarcely,barely+过去完成时+when+过去时。例 如：Hardly had I got on the bus when it started to move.2)no sooner+过去完成时+than+过去时。例 如：No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.3)by(the end of)+过去时间，主句中谓语动词用过去完成时。例 如：The experiment had been finished by 4 o clock yester
17、day afternoon.3.将来完成时将来完成时表示在将来某一时刻将完成或在另一个未来的动作发生之前已经完成的动作；也可以用来表示一种猜测。常与将来完成时连用的时间状语有：by(the time/the end of)+表示将来时间的短语和句子；before(theend of)+表示将来时间的词语或句子；when,a fte r等加上表示将来动作的句子等。例 如：1)By this time tomorrow you wi11 have arrived in Shanghai.2)I shalI have f inished this composition before 9 o clo
18、ck.3)When we get on the raiIway station,the train wi11 probably havele ft.4.完成进行时完成进行时是完成时的强调形式，有现在完成进行时，过去完成进行时，招来完成进行时。(1)现在完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例 如：I have been Iooking for my lost book for three days,but I s t illhavenJ t found it.(2)过去完成进行时表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态一直延续到过去某一时刻。例如：It had be
19、en raining cats and dogs for over a week and the downpourhad caused lands I ides in many places.(3)招来完成进行时表示在将来某一时刻之前开始的一个动作或状态一直延续到将来某一时刻。例 如：By the time you arrive tonight,she wi11 have been typing for hours.四：时态一致时态一致是英语四、六级考试的一个重要内容。通常应由主句谓语的时态决定从句的谓语时态。一般原则是：1、当主句谓语使用现在时或将来时，从句的谓语根据具体情况使用任何时态He
20、 says that he Iives in Wuhan.W e hope that there wi11 be many peopIe at your party today.Did you hear that B ill f inal ly sold the house?Yes,but I don tknow who bought i t.”“There s a lot of excitement on the s tre e t/1There certa inly is.Do you suppose the astronauts have returned?2、当主句谓语使用过去时的时候
21、，从句的谓语必须使用过去范围的时态He said he was w ritin g a noveI.The teacher wanted to know when we would fin ish the experiment.He said his father had been an engineer.3、当从句是表示没有时间概念的真理时，从句的谓语应使用一般现在时。例 如：The teacher told them since I ight travels faster than sound,I ightningappears to go before thunder.注：在此种情况下，
22、即使主句谓语用了过去式的各种时态，从句谓语也应用一般现在时。4、从句谓语只能用虚拟语气的情况利用时态一致原则确定从句动词时态时，还应注意，若主语动词是表示命令、请求、要求、建议、劝告等的动词，从句谓语只能用虚拟语气，不能遵循时态一致原则。例 如：W e insisted that we do it ourselves.动词的语态语态也是动词的一种形式，英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。1）W e use e le c tric ity to run m achines.（主动语态）2）E le c tric ity is us
23、ed to run m achines.（被动语态）1 .不能用于被动语态的动词和短语(1)在英语中，不及物动词不能用于被动语态，但有些不及物动词(包括短语)容易引起误用。如：appear,be I ong,be I ong,die,escape,fal I,happen,la s t,remain,succeed,occur,come true,take place,consist o f0(2)某些表示状态或特征的及物动词，如：become,contain,cost,f it,have,resemble,s u it也没有被动语态。2.被动语态的时态形式常用的被动语态有表1所列的几种时态形
24、式。表1时?SPAN I ang=EN-US 一般时 进行时 完成时现在 am asked am being askedis asked is being askedare asked are being asked过去was be asked was being askedwere be asked were being asked将来 shal I be asked shal I have been askedwi11 be asked wi11 have been asked过去 shou I d be asked shou I d have been asked将来 would be
25、asked would have been asked3.短语动词的被动语态短语动词转换为被动语态时，通常被看作是一个动词，后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略。例 如：1)So far no correct conclusion has arrived at.2)AII the rubbish shouId be got rid of.4 .“get+-e d分词”的被动语态“get+-e d分词”结构强调动作的结果，而非动作本身，常用来表示突发性的，出乎意料的偶然事件。例 如：The boy got hurt on his way home from work.另外，“oet+-e d分词”还可
26、用于谈论为自己做的事，是主动的行为而不是被动的行为。例 如：get dressed（穿衣服）get divorced（离婚）get engaged（订婚）get con fused（迷惑不解）get lo s t（迷路）get washed（洗脸）get married（结婚）5.能带两个宾语和复合宾语的动词改为被动语态（1）能带两个宾语的动词改为被动语态时，一次只能由一个宾语作主语，另一个宾语被保留下来。例 如：1）W e showed the v is ito rs our new products.（主动语态）2）The v is ito rs were shown our new pr
27、oducts.（被动语态）3）0ur new products were shown to the v is ito rs.（被动语态）（2）能带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时，原来的宾语补足语变为主语补足语。例如：1）The teacher appointed him League secretary.（主动语态）2）He was appointed League secretary.（被动语态）6.被动语态与系表结构的区别（1 ）The novel was we 1 1 w ritte n.（系表结构）（2）The novel was w ritten by Diskens.（被动语态）7.
28、少数动词的主动语态有时有被动的意思例 1 :The book is selling remarkably well.例 2:The song sounds very beaut i fu l.能这样用的动词还有ead（读起来），clean（擦起来），wash（洗起来），w rite（写起来）。例 3：My watch needs cleaning.（=M y watch needs to be cleaned）.能像 need这样用的动词还有：want,require,deserve,do,owe,bind等。例 4:The meat is cooking.例 5：The book written by the professor is printing.初一英语完形填空练习题（含答案）