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1、1、Native adj.本国的，本地的e.g.They are native people.adj.土产的；原产于The panda is native to China.be native to(动植物)是.地方特有的n.本国人；本地人；原产动植物e.g.The cherry tree is a true native of Japan.2、Actually adv.实际上；事实上（=in fact）e.g.She looks young,but shes actually50.actual adj.实际的，事实上的e.g.What he told us was an actual hap
2、pening.归纳:事实上 in actual fact as a matter of fact in reality in fact actually3、base v.以为根据 n.基部；基地；基础e.g.The teacher based the book on his own school life.baseon/upon把。建立在。的基础上be based on/upon 以。为基础、依据e.g.One should always base his opinion on facts.e.g.The report is based entirely on facts.4、latter a
3、dj.较后的；后半的；（两者中）后者的Of writing and drawing,I prefer the latter one.the former.the latter 前者后者.Late adj.&adv.迟的；晚的Later adj.后期的；较后的 adv.后来；较晚的Latest adj.最新的；最近的Lately adv.(=recently)最近，近来Jane and Tom are my friends.The former is a teacher;the latter is a doctor.We havent heard from him lately.Anne and
4、 Frank arrived almost 4 hours late than planned.Later,the latter went to see the latest movie late that evening.5、frequently adv.常常；频繁地e.g.We must speak English frequently in order to improve spoken English.Frequent adj.频繁的；常见的Rains are frequent here in early summer.6、because of 因为；由于e.g.He failed h
5、is maths examination because of his careless work.because of=thanks tobecause of +名词、代词、动名词或what引导的宾语从句。because+句子7、come up走近；上来Come up to the fire,and you will feel warm.(太阳、月亮)升起Luckily,we watched the sun come up.(植物)长出地面；发芽The grass is just beginning to come up.被提出The problem came up at the meeti
6、ng.Come up 没有被动语态，come up with 有被动语态。He has come up with a good idea to solve the problem.出席，参加，到场I came up for an interview but didnt get the job.8、at present 现在；目前At present they are living a quiet life in the country.be present at 出席e.g.All the people present at the meeting were moved by his stor
7、y.9、make use of 利用，使用e.g.You must make good use of any opportunity to practise English.take advantage of 利用make full use of 充分利用make good use of 好好利用make the best of 充分利用10、such as 例如.；像这种的；像.之类的He has been to many countries,such as Canada,Great Britain and Japan.辨析：such as 放在所列举的事物前，其后不用逗号。for exam
8、ple 用于举例，位置比较灵活，可位于 句首、句末、或句中，前后多用句号隔开。11、Play a part in在中起作用；在.中扮演角色Computers play an important part in modern society.归纳：play a role in=play a part in在.中扮演一个角色；在方面起作用 Play the part/role of+角色名 e.g.The famous actress,Fan Bingbing,plays a leading role in the TV play.12、the number of.的数量 后接复数的可数名词，作主
9、语时，谓语动词要用单数The number of books in our library is about 45,000.a number of 许多，一些 后接复数的可数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。A large number of people were present at the meeting.13、Command n.命令，控制，掌握at/under ones command 由.指挥；由.控制be in command of 控制have a command of 了解、掌控I am under your command,and what would you like me
10、 to do?v.命令；指令；掌握Command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事Command that.(should)do sth.命令.The policeman commanded the thief to hand in what he had stolen.14、request v.请求；要求Request sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事Request that.(should)do sth.要求.You are requested not to smoke in the public places.Workers request that their work
11、ing cnditions _as soon as possible.工人们要求尽快改善他们的工作条件。n.要求，请求At sbs request=at the request of sb.应某人之请求Make a request for sth.要求的到某物Make a request that(should)do sth.做出。的请求 He was there at the request of his manager.15、recognize v.认出；辨认出；承认；公认Recognize sb./ones voice 认出某人；听出某人的声音Recognize sb./sth.as/to be.承认是.Recognize that.承认.;意识到.The moment I answered the phone,I recognized his voice.We recognize him as/to be an honest person.