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1、2019年中考英语阅读理解真题汇编（带详细解析过程）（名师精讲解题方法与技巧+实战训练，建议下载练习）【考点分析】阅读理解旨在考查学生阅读、理解的能力。近几年来，中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新颖，题材丰富，考查学生综合推断能力、根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大，考查学生关注细节的能力占很大部分。所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思，在细节题上丢分，要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够，在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。那么到底怎么做好阅读理解这一题型呢？一、解题思路（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。（二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息
2、，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：1.抓住四个W和一个“H“，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What（事件），When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。2.抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各
3、种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。3.注意领会文章的寓意。4.根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种：直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。归 纳 解 题 法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。题 干 中 有suggest
4、,conclude,conclusion,probably,reason,because,according to”等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。捕 捉 关 键 词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。排 除 法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，
5、研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。真题实战训练专项训练六语言学习时 间：8 10分钟/篇 分 值：2分/小题Passage 1(2018 成都)Dear Merry，Recently,I have trouble with my study.In school I cant listen to teachers carefully because I always feel tired and sleepy.I dontspend time with friends after class either because I think its
6、 a waste of time.I even miss writingsome answers in the test.At home,I cant get my homework done every night.My parents dont let me stay up.So 1have to get up early the next morning to finish it.Lately,I even get a bad headache.How can I solve these problems?Yours，Liu YaDear Liu Y a，When you have tr
7、ouble listening to teachers carefully in class,you can ask your teachers or deskmate to remind you often.Then spending time talkingabout many different things with friends can make you happy.Its not a waste of time.As forhomework,when its hard to get finished,one thing you can try is setting goals f
8、or yourself.Askyour parents to help you.You must take a break,especially if you don*t feel well.You might besurprised but a short break can help you get more done!Lastly,if you dont worry and haveenough sleep,your headache will leave you.Yours，Merry()1.Liu Ya wrote the letter to Merry in order to.A.
9、ask for help B.express worries C.share her experience()2.Liu Ya doesnt want to stay with friends after class b e c a u s e.A.she needs to sleepB.she thinks its a waste of timeC.she has trouble with her classmates()3.Merry t hi nks.A.taking a break is necessaryB.being with parents is helpfulC.setting
10、 goals by parents is important()4.According to the underlined part,what might Liu Yas teacher say?A.Sleep for a minute.B.Listen carefully.C.Stop talking.()5.From Liu Yas letter,we can find that she is too.A.passive B.proud C.stressedPassage 2(2018 绵阳)翳1Lady RitaGot a bad grade,afraid to show myparen
11、ts 匚Report cards are going out this Friday,and Irealized I had failed in chemistry.My parentsare probably going to kill me for that.Whatshould I do?Answers fButterflyIt is better to be honest with them and tellthem it is a very difficult course and you aretrying your hardest.Promise them you willwor
12、k harder.Study a little every night so whenyour next test comes youll be much more)1.Lady Rita put her question here toprepared.DerpLet me guess,you have always been agreat student and slipped up just this one time?Explain that to your parents.MaleTYou should learn from insectswhen theytry to cross
13、a wall,they fall down again andagain until at some time they get success.JT SNaughtyDo what I did.show your parents yourreport cards and then simply ask them.“Didany one of you guys ever fail a test?”注FlowerI never showed my parents my test scores.Its none of their business!A.ask for help B.draw oth
14、ers*attentionC.please her parents D.share her grades with others()2.How many people advised Lady Rita to tell the truth?A.Five.B.Four.C.Three.D.Two.()3.According to Bu t t e r f l y,.A.nobody can do well in chemistryB.better preparation may lead to better gradesC.you wont get bad grades if you do yo
15、ur bestD.parents don*t care how their kids do at school()4.What can we learn from Male Ts suggestion?A.Knowledge is power.B.There*s no smoke without fire.C.Failure is the mother of success.D.Good news never goes beyond the gate.()5.What do we know about Naughty?A.He does well in all his subjects.B.H
16、is parents used to be great students.C.He thinks its normal to fail sometimes.D.He dare not show his grades to his parents.Passage 3(2018 苏州)During my first two weeks at the University of California,Berkeley,I experienced someunexpected,funny,and sometimes embarrassing(令人尴尬的)situations.Allow me to s
17、hare somewith you.But first,let me give advice to other foreign students who plan to study in the United States.Check the weather before coming!I was very sure that California was sunny all year around so Ileft all my jackets and sweaters in Paris.It was a huge mistake!It rained almost every day dur
18、ingthe first week in Berkeley.I have to say that I quickly forgot these unlucky events.Life in Berkeley is very pleasant andeverything is so easy compared to Paris.For example,in only 24 hours I bought a mobile phoneand made the lease(租约)agreement for a flat.Whats more,almost all the shops are open
19、onSunday,which is very practical for me.The first thing that surprised me is that students may come late to class.They freely enter andleave the classroom many times during class.In France,students respect the teachefs lesson,sothey are never late and they leave the classroom only at the end of the
20、class.The local people in California are in general very nice,open and active.However,I am nottotally used to their habits yet.Indeed,I was used to shaking my friends*hands every day inFrance.During my second day at Berkeley,I shook the hand of one of my classmates whom I hadmet the day before and h
21、e told me“I think we already met!”Another funny story happened during the first party I attended:A girl that I met before cameto hug me,I thought she wanted to kiss me like we usually do in France to say hello.So I kissedher and she seemed a little bit embarrassed.I live a great experience at presen
22、t,and I would just encourage any student to become amember in a program at UC,Berkeley.()1.According to the writers advice,before students study in America,they shouldA.make a lease agreement for a flatB.leave their warm clothes at homeC.pay attention to the local weatherD.prepare a phone as early a
23、s possible()2.When the writers classmate said“I think we already met!”，he meant.A.he and the writer had known each other in FranceB.Americans neednt shake hands when they met againC.he was not used to shaking hands with othersD.the writer had forgotten about their last meeting()3.What does the write
24、r mainly want to tell us?A.His experience at UC,Berkeley.B.The relationship between classmates.C.His advice on studying abroad.D.The difference in attending a class.Passage 4(2018 绵阳)Students who get tired of looking at the four walls of a classroom might like to take thenature course being offered
25、by Carvel College again this summer.Groups of about a dozenstudents each,led by an experienced guide,will go on ten-day camping trips to the mountains tostudy the plants and animals that grow and live there.Students carry their own things,which include sleeping bags,warm clothing,food and water,and
26、other useful tools.And what do the students do all day?Well,as soon as the sun comes up,they eat breakfast and start climbing up the mountain trail to the next campground,which is five toten miles away.As the students take notes,the guide points out different plants and animalsalongside the trail.Th
27、e climb is usually over by early afternoon,so the group spends the rest of theday resting or swimming in a mountain lake.Before dinner each night,they all come together anddiscuss the days activities.At the end of the course,the students write reports using the information they have collected.But th
28、ey dont mind at all.What they do mind is leaving the beauty of the wilderness and the goodfriends theyve made to return to their normal lives in the city.()1.What can the course offer to the students?A.Better grades in tests.B.Free vacations in mountains.C.A different learning experience.D.Better ch
29、ance to study in Carvel College.()2.How far does a student have to walk throughout the course?A.About five to ten miles.B.About two hundred miles.C.About fifty to one hundred miles.D.About sixty to one hundred and twenty miles.()3.What do the students have to do before dinner?A.Wash themselves up in
30、 a mountain lake.B.Attend classes by the experienced guide.C.Write about what they see along the trail.D.Review what they learn through discussion.()4.What can we tell about the course?A.They will change campgrounds everyday.B.The students have to learn all by themselves.C.Pens and books will be use
31、less in the course.D.Carvel College will provide everything for the students.（）5.From the last paragraph we know the students areA.serious with the final reportB.unwilling to go back to the cityC.looking forward to returning homeD.too tired to stay in the course any longerPassage 5（2018 漳州）As the sa
32、ying goes,“If at first you don,t succeed,try,try again.This is never truer thanwhen you are trying to master English.Lai Shixiong,a respected English master from Taiwan,has a story to share.Like many non-native speakers,Lai failed when he first started learning English.When hewas in high school,he o
33、nce got an unbelievably low mark of 7 out of 100 on an English test.Healmost gave up on English,but then he entered a military school（军校），where he met a classmatewho was good at English.Amazed by his classmates American accent,Lai decided to start learning Englishfrom the beginning.As he put it,“I s
34、aw myself as a baby who had just started to learn alanguage.To correct his pronunciation,Lai practiced phonetic symbols（音标）hundreds of timesevery day using records.When he was able to pronounce words,Lai said he began to practice dialogues.Not beingable to find someone to practice with,Lai created a
35、 learning atmosphere（氛围）on his own.l justtalked to myself as if I were in a dialogue，”he said.Lai also thought of ways to improve his skills.He used English to describe everything hesaw.He even translated speeches when he went to class meetings at the military school.He alsoread and listened to Engl
36、ish news to learn new expressions.There is no shortcut to mastering a language.You have to practice ”Lai said.After all,Rome wasnt built in a day.）1.What should we do if we want to master English according to the passage?A.Keep trying.B.Turn to a teacher.C.Share your story with others.D.Ask a classm
37、ate for help.()2.Whats the main idea of the second paragraph?A.Lai met a classmate.B.Lai entered a military school.C.Lai used to be weak in English.D.Lai learned English after school.()3.Whom did Lai talk to when he practiced dialogues?A.Himself.B.His brother.C.A classmate.D.An English teacher.()4.H
38、ow did Lai improve his skills in English?A.By using an old dictionary.B.By reading and listening to English news.C.By pronouncing a new word a hundred times.D.By describing what he saw in English and Chinese.()5.How do you like Lai Shixiong?A.Easy-going and wise.B.Helpful and successful.C.Kind-heart
39、ed and honest.D.Patient and hard-working.Passage 6(2018 陕西)Reading makes one wise,but many adults seldom read.They say they are too busy to havetime to read.Sure.They have work to do.They have families to support.But these are onlyexcuses.The fact is that they havent got a reading habit.A reading ha
40、bit isnt something natural.Itneeds to be trained.And its never too late to develop a reading habit.Scientists believe proper books are very important for children to develop a good readinghabit.A book in rich colours and with simple patterns(图案)such as lines and circles is a goodchoice for babies of
41、 three months old.When they reach six months,they will become interested insimple story books in rich colours.When children get old enough to read by themselves,it*s necessary to buy books that are bothinteresting and right for them to understand.Books which are either too easy or too difficult aren
42、ot good for kids to keep their reading habits.Only buying books for children isnt enough.For kids,parents are their first teachers.Soparents should read books to set an example.Children will follow them.Scientists say imitatingthe adults is a bom skill.And it is the most valuable way for children to
43、 learn.This will certainlyhelp them develop a reading habit in the end.()1.According to the writer,many adults seldom read because t heyA.dont have enough timeB.have to work all the timeC.havent got a reading habitD.have to support the family()2.The underlined word“imitating”here probably means.A.co
44、pying B.reading C.testing D.missing()3.We can learn from the passage that.A.story books are better than books in coloursB.a reading habit comes from certain trainingC.a three-month-old kid likes simple storiesD.too easy books help keep a reading habitPassage 7(2018 山西)Let children learn to judge(判断)
45、their own work.A child doesnt learn to talk by beingcorrected all the time.If he is corrected too much,he will stop talking.He notices a thousandtimes a day the differences between the language he uses and the language others use.Little bylittle,he makes the necessary changes to make his language li
46、ke other peoples.In the same way,children learn to do all the other things without being taughtto walk,run,climb or ride a bicycle.They compare their performances with those of more skilled people,andslowly make the changes.But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakesand cor
47、rect them himself.We do it all for him.We thought that he would never notice a mistakeunless it was pointed out to him,or correct it unless he was made to.Soon he becomes dependenton the teacher.Let him work out with the help of other children if he wants it.If it is a matter in math or science,give
48、 him the answer book.Let him correct his own papers.WhY shuuld wccachers wastc timc on such dail、vork?Our job should be to help thechildren when they tell us that he cant find the way to get the right answer.Let the children learnwhat all educated persons must learn,how to measure(估量)their own under
49、standing,how toknow what they know or do not know.Let them get on with this job in their ways.School teachers can offer help if they ask for it.Some parents and teachers are worried that the children might fail to learn something that theywill need to get in the world.Dont worry!If it is important,t
50、hey will go out into the world andlearn it.()1.According to the passage,the best way for children to learn things is by.A.being always correctedB.following adults*adviceC.doing as other people do()2.The writer thinks teachers in school s houl d.A.encourage students to learn from each otherB.teach st