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1、高考英语阅读Guessing Unknown Words 高一英语阅读复习专项Guessing the Unknown Words Learning goals(学习目标）1.Master the methods of guessing the unknown words in a passage.2.Use the techniques and strategies of word-guessing to solve the problems.3.Build up confidence in guessing new words while reading.Just guess lady b
2、ird big potato shanghai john Lead-in Do you like a lady bird?It is not a kind of bird.It is an insect（昆虫）.It can fly.its wings are red.It is very small.a lady bird Tom is a great man.Tom is treated as a big potato.a big potato大人物shanghai Some guides shanghaied tourists into buying expensive fakes(假货
3、）.They told tourists that fakes are good.They are worth buying.诱骗john Tim drank too much water last night,so he went to visit john twice.厕所词义猜测题常用提问方式:1.The word“”underlined probably means _.2.What does the word“”refer to?3.The underlined word“”is the closest in meaning to _.4.By saying that“”,the a
4、uthor means that _.5.The word“”could best be replaced by _.main part1.Definition 定义法3.Similarity 相似法2.Contrast 对比法4.Cause and effect 因果法5.Example 例举法8.Common Sense 普通常识 6.Word Formation 构词法猜测词义7.Context 上下文 定义法对比法相似法因果法例举法例举法构词法构词法上下文上下文普通常识普通常识 It will be very hard but very brittle that is,it will
5、break easily.(adj.易碎的,脆的)The herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.(n.n.牧羊人牧羊人)猜测词义 A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpentercarpenter.They are vertebrates,that is,animals have backbones.The period of adolescence,i.e.the period between c
6、hildhood and adulthood,may be long or short.木匠脊椎动物青春期 定义法对比法相似法因果法例举法例举法构词法构词法上下文上下文普通常识普通常识(v.v.不同意 不同意)猜测词义Most of us agreed,however,Bill dissented.She is usually prompt for all her classes,but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.A.on time B.late C.slowly D.quickly A.on time B.late
7、C.slowly D.quickly In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way.Now,however,everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money,I was sure that he was innocent of the theft.无辜的 混乱 定义法对比法相似法因果法例举法例举法构词法构词法上下文上下文普通常识普通常识Summar
8、y：利用同义词、近义词或词组 利用同义词、近义词或词组 猜测词义 Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task.The job is so large,in fact,that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted.(adj.巨大的;极大的)定义法对比法相似法因果法例举法例举法构词法构词法上下文上下文普通常识普通常识 猜测词义One who is destitute has a great need for f
9、ood and clothing.(adj.贫穷的,穷困的)That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.(adj.大的)Summary：从原因推结果，从结果推原因 定义法对比法相似法因果法例举法例举法构词法构词法上下文上下文普通常识普通常识 猜测词义Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances,for instance,washing machines,refrigerators
10、 and color televisions.(n.电器用具)定义法对比法相似法因果法例举法例举法构词法构词法上下文上下文普通常识普通常识 猜测词义superman microwave(超人)nonnatural mispronouce(非自然的)homeless nonsmoker(无家可归的)rebuild eastwards(重建)(微波)(发错音)(非烟民)(向东)Eg.Im going to buy a microbus.micro+bus 微型公共汽车 vThis possibility was unforeseeable，because it almost never happe
11、ned.un+foresee+able 不可预见的 定义法对比法相似法因果法例举法例举法构词法构词法上下文上下文普通常识普通常识 猜测词义Summary：语境及前后的提示 语境及前后的提示The baker,with his wife and family,was able to get out through a window in the roof.The underlined word family in the second paragraph means _.A.home B.children C.wife and husband D.wife and children 定义法对比法
12、相似法因果法例举法例举法构词法构词法上下文上下文普通常识普通常识 猜测词义Summary：生活 生活常识;如英美国家的天文地理、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、政治结构、社会制度等 When a doctor performs an operation on a patient，he usually gives an anesthetic to make him unconscious，because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.n.麻醉剂(药)猜你没商量 Exercises C
13、an you guess the correct meanings of the following words?-1.There are some glaciers moving down the mountain valleys.A glacier is a river of ice.A.雪山 B.树枝 C.冰河 D.冰 2.He is a resolute man.Once he made up his mind to do something,he wont give it up halfway.A.weak B.firm C.kind D.clever 3.In many count
14、ries there are two financial extremes,from penury to great wealth.A.便士 B.温饱 C.非常贫困 D.虚弱4shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems,such as shoplifters,who always take away things from the shop without paying for them.5.Those new comers were not used to the life in 5.Those new co
15、mers were not used to the life in the the suburbssuburbs which was so different from that which was so different from that inside the city.inside the city.A.town B.capital C.countryside D.house A.town B.capital C.countryside D.house 6.This boy is not stupid,on the contrary,no one 6.This boy is not s
16、tupid,on the contrary,no one could be more could be more intelligentintelligent.A.A.勤奋的勤奋的 B.B.愚蠢的愚蠢的 C.C.聪明的聪明的 D.D.情报情报7.Children are always boasting.They say things like“My Dads car is bigger than your Dads,”“My Mom is smarter than yours.”and“My family has more money than yours.”The word“boasting
17、”means _.A.骄傲 B.吹牛 C.顽皮 D.幼稚summaryOn Reading词 义 猜 测遇到生词莫紧张,先跳后猜是方向.上文下文找线索,构词方法能帮忙.有关知识可利用,切莫纠缠把时荒.summaryHomework:Exercise papers加油 你懂的！Fighting!1.根据图中和表格中信息,丁香林地土壤平均含水量整体较高的原因主要从地形地势、坡度、地表径流、树高、郁闭度、密度等方面分析回答。2.自然恢复就是不掺杂人为因素的干扰,自然恢复程度需要考虑该区域的地形、植被等自然因素以及劳动力和成本等人为因素。3.自然恢复投入的劳动力和资金少,成本低,减轻当地的经济负担;自
18、然恢复形成的生态系统丰富、稳定,水土保持效果更好;该流域属于生态脆弱地区,应减少人工干预。4.建立了自然保护区和绿化带,优化了产业结构,减少了对煤炭资源的开采,城市功能区合理调整。5.随着美国西部和南部的新兴产业的发展，美国西部和南部为美国人口提供了更多的就业机会，加上东北部环境的污染，导致人口从东北部迁入西部和南部。引起图中人口迁移的主导因素是社会经济因素.6.高效益的综合发展阶段，第二、三产业在国内生产总值中占到相当大的比重，第三产业的增长速度明显超过第二产业，高科技成为区域发展的主导力量。7.分析赤峰市发生白灾的自然原因，并说明定居后牧业抗灾能力增强的主要原因8.位于半湿润半干旱过渡地带(农牧交错带)，种植业和畜牧业均可发展；种植业为畜牧业提供丰富饲料；种植业和畜牧业为农畜产品加工业提供丰富原料。9.要及时调整产业结构，大力发展新兴产业；发展科技，提高产品质量和生产效率，增强竞争力。