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1、Period 3Learning about Language.单词拼写1The whole meal was good but the wine in _(特别的)was excellent.2On this_(时机)we were sitting in a park in Madrid.3My sister tried to keep her monthly _(预算)below$400.4The boys amused themselves by _(滑行)down the rope.5She was considered one of the best _(女演员)in London.
2、【答案】1.particular2.occasion3.budget4.sliding5.actresses.用所给词的适当形式填空，并说明其在句中充当的成分1No one was ever bored watching himhis subtle acting made everything _(entertain)()2He walked around stiffly carrying a _(walk)stick.()3The acting is so _(convince)that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meal
3、s he has ever tasted.()【答案】1.entertaining；宾语补足语2.walking；定语3convincing；表语1particular adj.特殊的；特别的 n细节；细目I have nothing particular to do this evening,so lets go out for a walk.今晚我没有什么特别的事要做，咱们出去散散步吧！She loves the song in particular，because her mother used to sing it.她特别喜欢这首歌，因为她妈妈过去经常唱。in particular特别
4、，尤其(especially)be particular about/over对挑剔particularly adv.特殊地，特别地particular侧重不同于普遍性的个性或特殊性，强调特殊场合下的特殊情况special普通用词，指不同于一般，与众不同，着重事物的专门性，突出与一般不同especial和special含义很接近，较正式，但侧重有特殊的意义或重要性用particular，especial或special的适当形式填空On that _ day,the door was opened.You need a _ tool to finish the task.Collecting
5、stamps is his _ hobby.I hate homework，_history.Its_hot that day.单句语法填空He was very particular _ his clothes,so he spent much time searching shops for a shirt.【答案】particularspecialespecial especiallyparticularlyabout2occasion n时刻；场合Have you ever met with the occasion when you are mistaken?你是否有过被人误解的时候
6、？on occasion(s)偶尔；偶然；有时on one occasion有一次；曾经on this/that occasion这/那次on the occasion of.在的时候by occasion of.因为take the occasion利用这个机会occasional adj.偶尔的；偶然的occasionally adv.偶然地；有时Its a good idea for children and parents to switch roles on occasion/occasionally.对于父母和孩子来说，偶尔互换角色是个不错的主意。On one occasion,s
7、he called me in the middle of the night.有一次她深更半夜打电话给我。单句改错By occasional of rain,we cant go out to play football._单项选择I admire my English teacher.I can remember very few occasions _ she stopped working because of ill health.Awhich BwhereCwhen Dthat【答案】occasional改为occasionC3slide vt.&vi.(slid,slid)(使)
8、滑动；(使)滑行 n滑；滑动；幻灯片He carefully slid the top off the box.他小心地把箱盖挪开。She used slides as a teaching aid.她用幻灯片作教学工具。slide away溜走slide off(从)滑落slide into不知不觉染上；溜进slide out of悄悄地走完成句子Some boys are_ _ _ _(滑冰)The car_ _(滑进)the ditch.单句语法填空Henry slid _ the classroom while his teacher was writing on the blackb
9、oard.【答案】sliding on the iceslid intointo动词ing形式作定语、表语和宾语补足语一、基础点拨动词ing是一种非谓语动词形式，具有双重性。因为是由动词变化而来，所以它具有动词的特征，但作为非谓语动词，它又具有名词、形容词或者副词的特征。动词ing是非谓语动词形式，没有人称和数的变化，但是它有时态和语态的变化。从时态角度划分，它具有一般式和完成式两种形式。从语态角度划分，它具有主动式和被动式两种形式。(一)动词ing的形式时态和语态：动名词主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done动名词的否
10、定式主动语态否定式被动语态否定式一般否定式not doingnot being done完成否定式not having donenot having been done(二)动词ing作定语1说明被修饰名词的功能或用途。这时，一般是单个动词ing而不是短语，放在被修饰的名词前面。可以转换成for短语修饰该名词。这时的动词ing是动名词。a sleeping baga bag for sleeping睡袋a reading rooma room for reading阅览室a drinking cupa cup for drinking饮水杯a writing deska desk for wr
11、iting写字台2说明名词的动作、特征或性质。这时的动词ing是现在分词，它与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的主动关系。a sleeping boya boy who is sleeping一个正在睡觉的男孩a drinking horsea horse which is drinking一匹正在饮水的马【注意】动词ing、不定式和动词ed作定语时的区别：(1)不定式作定语表示动作尚未发生，与所修饰的名词构成动宾或主谓关系。若不定式逻辑主语同时也为句子主语，用主动表被动，反之用被动。Im leaving for Shanghai.Do you have anything to be taken ther
12、e?我准备去上海，你有什么要捎的吗？(2)动词ing作定语表动作正在进行或习惯性、经常性的动作；动词ed作定语表动作完成，与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。Our class went on an organized trip last Monday.上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。单句语法填空You need a _(drive)license.句型转换The boy who broke the rule was punished by his teacher.The boy _ the rule was punished by his teacher.Her uncle,who works
13、as a professor,lives in Oxford.Her uncle,_ as a professor,lives in Oxford.【答案】drivingbreakingworking(三)动词ing作表语1动名词作表语表示一般性、经常性的动作。Our duty is protecting the environment from being polluted.我们的职责是保护环境免受污染。2现在分词作表语表示主语的性质或特征，这时通常看作形容词，且主语与表语不可换位。Though the job is boring，he has to do it to make a livi
14、ng.尽管这份工作无趣，为了谋生他也只好做。【注意】动名词与现在分词作表语的区别：动名词作表语表示主语的内容，可以把主语和表语交换；而现在分词作表语说明主语的性质、特征，此时主语和表语不可以交换位置。The comedy starring Chaplin is exciting.卓别林主演的这部喜剧令人兴奋。Teaching is my job.教学是我的工作。单句语法填空Its _(amaze)that you should know that!The reason he gave was not very _(convince)His job is _(teach)physics in a
15、 local middle school.His favorite sport is _(play)football.As far as I know,his dream is _(live)in a big house.【答案】amazingconvincingteachingplayingliving(四)动词ing作宾语补足语1动词ing作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。2当主句转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补足语的动词ing形式便转换为主语补足语。The boss kept the workers working the whole ni
16、ght.(宾语补足语)那老板让工人整夜地工作。The workers were kept working the whole night.(主语补足语)现在分词作宾语补足语主要用在某些动词如感官动词(see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，notice等)、使役动词(have，make，let，get，keep，set，catch等)后以及with复合结构中，与一个名词或代词构成复合宾语。这时动词ing形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，并且动词ing表示宾语正在进行的动作。I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.我感
17、到有人拍我的肩膀。With the light burning,he felt asleep.灯亮着，他睡着了。【注意】动词ing，不定式和动词ed作宾语补足语时的区别：动词ing作宾补时，表示正在进行或持续的状态或经常发生的主动状态；不定式作宾补表示从开始到结束的全部过程；动词ed作宾补，表示已发生了的被动状态或经常发生的被动状态。I heard him singing in the next room.我听见他在隔壁唱歌。I saw him open the window.我看见他打开了窗户。I saw the window opened.我看见窗户打开了。在see，hear，feel，w
18、atch，notice等感官动词后，跟省略to的不定式作宾补，但在被动语态中，应再加上to。单句语法填空When I entered the room,I found him _(watch)TV.I heard them _(sing)that nice English song.The boy was caught _(cheat)in the last exam.His progress is found very _(satisfy)With a native villager _(act)as our guide,we had no trouble getting around.Do
19、nt leave her _(wait)outside in the rain.【答案】watchingsingingcheatingsatisfyingactingwaiting二、难点突破1作表语的动词ing形式，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的，用来修饰物，常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing，此类形容词意为：令人的。The problem is puzzling,which easily makes pe
20、ople puzzled.这个问题是令人迷惑的，很容易让人迷惑不解。2see，hear，feel，watch等动词之后用动词ing和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别。(1)动词ing作宾语补足语时，表示动作正在进行；而动词不定式作宾语补足语时，表示(或强调)动作从开始到结束的全过程。When we passed the classroom,we saw a student playing the piano.(动作在进行)当我们经过教室时，我们看见一个学生在弹钢琴。We watched our teacher make an experiment during yesterdays class.(
21、动作全过程)在昨天的课上，我们观看老师做了一个实验。(2)若用短暂性动词的某个形式作宾语补足语，其不定式短语表示一个动作，而其ing则表示反复动作。We heard the door slam.(一次动作)我们听见门“砰”的一声关上了。We heard the door slamming.(反复动作)我们听见了“砰砰砰”的关门声。.用括号内动词的正确形式填空1We heard them_(quarrel)about money after the concert；they looked very angry.2To do that would be_(cut)the foot to fit t
22、he shoe.3We were all very_(surprise)at the news.I found it very_(surprise)4He gave us an_(inspire)speech.We were all_(inspire)5I didnt see anyone_(take)away your paper.It might have been blown by the wind.【答案】1.quarrelling2.to cut3.surprised；surprising4inspiring；inspired5.take.句型转换1Building socialis
23、m is our task.Our task is _.2The old man needs to use a stick as a support when he is walking.The old man needs to use a _.3We must improve our method for working.We must improve our _.4She woke up and found that she had lain in a hospital bed.She woke up and found herself _.5He heard that a song wa
24、s being sung.He heard a song _.【答 案】1.building socialism 2.walking stick3.working method4.lying in a hospital bed5.being sung.单句改错1This is such surprised news that all of us are surprised at it.【答案】第一个surprised改为surprising2The old man，worked abroad for twenty years，is on the way back to his motherland.【答案】在worked前加having3Toms bad habit is read without thorough understanding.【答案】read改为reading