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1、 Samuel Taylor Coleridge1.Biography of Coleridge2.Historical Background of Coleridges Writings3.Main thoughts in Coleridge Writings4.Literature Review5.Analysis of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner from the Perspective of Coleridges Thought of Nature6.Conclusion篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时
2、计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Samuel Taylor Coleridge,a leader of the British Romantic movement,was born on October 21,1772,in Devonshire,England.His father,the Reverend John Coleridge,was a distinguished classical and Hebrew scholar who held the prestigious position of headmaster of the Kings School at Ottery St.M
3、ary.The youngest child in the family,Coleridge was a student at his fathers school and an avid reader.After his father died in 1781,Coleridge attended Christs Hospital School in London,where he met lifelong friend Charles Lamb.who would go on to a career as an essayist and critic.Biography of Coleri
4、dge篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Coleridges father had always wanted his son to be a clergyman,so when Coleridge entered Jesus College,University of Cambridge in 1791,he focused on a future in the Church of England.Coleridges views,however,began to change over the course of h
5、is first year at Cambridge.He became a supporter of William Frend,who left the Church of England and declared himself to be Unitarian,a Protestant sect not recognized in England.However;Frend was finally found guilty and expelled from Cambridge.For Coleridge,the Cambridge years were also a time of d
6、issolution and financial hardship.He began visiting prostitutes,drinking heavily,and taking opium.These habits led to tremendous debts,which his brothers eventually had to pay off.Financial problems continued to plague him throughout his life,and he constantly depended on the support of others.Biogr
7、aphy of Coleridge篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统In June 1794,Coleridge met a poet Robert Southey,a fellow radical who would have an enormous influence on Coleridge.Together,the two young men planned to establish a utopian democratic community in America,which would be governed
8、 by what Coleridge termed“Pantisocracy”equal rule by all,which involved in emigrating to the New World with ten other families to set up a commune on the banks of the Susquehanna River in Pennsylvania.Coleridge and Southey envisioned the men sharing the workload,a great library,philosophical discuss
9、ions,and freedom of religious and political beliefs.Biography of Coleridge篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统After visiting Wales,Coleridge returned to England to find that Southey had become engaged to a woman named Edith Fricker.As marriage was an integral part of the plan for c
10、ommunal living in the New World,Coleridge decided to marry another Fricker daughter,Sarah.Coleridge wed in 1795.His marriage was unhappy and he spent much of it apart from his wife.During that period,Coleridge and Southey collaborated on a play titled The Fall of Robespierre(1795).While the pantisoc
11、racy was still in the planning stages,Southey abandoned the project to pursue his legacy in law.Left without an alternative plan,Coleridge spent the next few years beginning his career as a writer.Biography of Coleridge篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统In 1795 Coleridge befriende
12、d William Wordsworth,who greatly influenced Coleridges verse.and in 1797 the Coleridges moved to Nether Stowey in Englands Lake District to be near Wordsworth This move initiated a period of close communication and poetic collaboration between the two poets that culminated in their volume of poetry,
13、Lyrical Ballads,published in 1798.The collection is considered the first great work of the Romantic school of poetry and contains Coleridges famous poem,The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.as well as the fragment Kubla Khan.Biography of Coleridge篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统That
14、 autumn the two poets traveled to the Continent together.Coleridge spent most of the trip in Germany,studying the philosophy of Immanuel Kant,Jakob Boehme,and G.E.Lessing.While there he mastered the German language and began translating.When he returned to England in 1800,he settled with family and
15、friends at Keswick.Over the next two decades Coleridge lectured on literature and philosophy,wrote about religious and political theory,spent two years on the island of Malta as a secretary to the governor in an effort to overcome his poor health and his opium addiction.Still addicted to opium,he mo
16、ved in with the physician James Gillman in 1816.In 1817,he published Biographia Literaria,which contained his finest literary criticism.Biography of Coleridge篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统In his last years,Coleridge was entirely absorbed in studying philosophy and religion.Wh
17、en he died in 1834,he had finally achieved peace of mind.The brilliant poet-critic will forever be remembered as a man of powerful imaginative vision.Biography of Coleridge篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统His WorksnPoetry Arch(1798)Arch(1800)Biographia Literaria(1907)Christabel:
18、Kubla Khan,a Vision;The Pains of Sleep(1816)Fears in Solitude(1798)Lyrical Ballads,with a few Other Poems(1798)Poems(1803)Poems on Various Subjects(1796)Samuel Taylor Coleridge,The Oxford Authors(1985)Selections from the Sybilline Leaves of S.T.Coleridge(1827)Sibylline Leaves:A Collection of Poems(1
19、817)Sonnets from various authors(1796)The Collected Works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1969)The Complete Poetical Works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1912)The Devils Walk:A Poem(1830)The Literary Remains in Prose and Verse of Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1839)The Poetical Works of S.T.Coleridge(1828)篮球比赛是根据运动
20、队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统nProse A Moral and Political Lecture(1795)Aids to Reflection in the Formation of a Manly Character(1825)Biographia Literaria,or Biographical Sketches of my Literary Life and Opinions(1817)Collected Letters of Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1973)Conciones ad Popu
21、lum,or Addresses to the People(1795)Confessions of an Inquiring Spirit(1841)Essays on His Own Times;forming a second series of The Friend,(1850)Hints towards the Formation of a more Comprehensive Theory of Life(1848)On the Constitution of Church and State(1830)Samuel Taylor Coleridge:Selected Letter
22、s(1987)Seven Lectures upon Shakespeare and Milton(1856)Specimens of the Table Talk of the late Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1835)The Friend:A Literary,Moral,and Political Weekly Paper(1810)The Friend;A Series of Essays(1812)The Letters of Samuel Taylor Coleridge(1895)篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛
23、的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Historical Background of Coleridges WritingsIt is absolutely definite that specific social and cultural situation will produce more or less influence on literary worksSamuel Taylor Coleridge lived in all age of great social turmoil and ideological changes，thus many of his poems refl
24、ect either explicitly or implicitly the social conditions at that timeSince the midseventeenth century,England had experienced radical changes and development in social，economic，scientific and cultural fieldsThe rapid development of science and technology made it possible for Industrial Revolution t
25、o start in England from the second half of the eighteenth century,which would bring unprecedented progress to England in social and economic fields.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统The agriculture-based economic structure was disintegrated gradually,giving way to the early phase
26、 of the industrial economyMore and more new towns were established and factories increasingly encroached upon the green countrysideInevitably,many qualities and beliefs cherished in the agricultural society,such as loyalty,brotherhood among people and the intuitive love for nature,had been supplante
27、d by competitiveness,indifferences and avariciousness etc,and then,the Enlightenment arrived,during which period the rights of mankind were heightened,while the rights of nature had been ignored.Historical Background of Coleridges Writings篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统 Later,
28、the Romantic Movement in literature began around the end of the 1 8th century in Western Europe and flourished in the early period of the 1 9th centuryIt was in part a rebellion against the Enlightenment of the previous century by rejecting the scientific and rational thought advocated in the Enligh
29、tenment period.Romantic literature is characterized by an emphasis on emotion，passion,imagination and the natural worldThe estrangement between man and nature was a great concern for many of the Romantic writers and they appreciated nature and employed nature imagery in their works Historical Backgr
30、ound of Coleridges Writings篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统The Lake Poets，who lived and knew one another in the last few years of the 18th century in the district of the great lakes in Northwestern England,including Wordsworth,Coleridge and Southey，also viewed nature as a means
31、 through which they conveyed their deepest emotions and a catalyst for introspection.So the Romantic poets ale often called“nature poets”due to their yearning for mans reunion with natureHistorical Background of Coleridges Writings篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Main thoughts i
32、n Coleridge WritingsSamuel Taylor Coleridge is one of the most complex and richly suggestive writers in English.Poet,philosopher,critic,and,not infrequently,genius,he has left an indelible mark on the history of English poetry and criticism.His major critical work,Biographia Literaria,stands as the
33、source of much modern critical theory.With William Wordsworth,Coleridge led the“Romantic revolt”in English poetry.They asserted not only that the source of poetry is the ordinary life and language of men,but also reasserted the validity and beauty of the imagination.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，
34、篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统For though Coleridge shared with Wordsworth a desire to return poetry to the ordinary,the concrete,and the language of speech,he was also desirous of discovering the spiritual,supernatural principles of unity within,and lying behind,the concretely sensed multiplicity of ordinary
35、 experience.Thus,he writes,the best style is that written“when the author has had his own eye fixed steadily on the abstract,yet permits his readers to see only the concrete.”Accordingly,Coleridge expresses his conception of poetry in terms of a synthesis of imaginative vision and of actual percepti
36、on,of“outer”and“inner,”in other words,or of“object”and“subject.”Main thoughts in Coleridge Writings篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统To Coleridge,art is less imitative than“organic”;a poem is a growing unity,the parts related to one another and all comprising a whole.The“end”of p
37、oetry is pleasure,not instruction,and yet a poem tells a higher truth.A poem expresses“a more than usual state of emotion with more than usual order.”The order grows out of the synthesizing power of the individual imagination.Indeed,according to Coleridges notion,the creative act of the imagination
38、is first a breaking down of the usual sensations and perceptions of outward reality,and then a synthesizing,a reconstruction of that outward reality by means of an inner vision to produce“a new unity,a new reality.”This conception of the“creative imagination”and of“organic unity”underlies nearly all
39、 modern criticism.Main thoughts in Coleridge Writings篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Literature ReviewIn Table Talk,Coleridge wrote:Mrs Barbauld told me that the only faults she found with the Ancient Mariner were that it was improbable and had no moral.As for the probability t
40、o be sure that might admit some question but I told her that in my judgment the poem had moral,and that too openly obtruded on the reader,It ought to have no more moral than the story of the merchant sitting down to eat dates by the side of a well and throwing the shells aside,and the Genii starting
41、 up and saying he must kill the merchant,because a date shell had put out the eye of the Geniis son.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Literature ReviewJamieson,professor of Environmental Studies holds in his book A Companion to Environmental Philosophy,“his(Coleridges)work might
42、be seen as evoking,in the dying years of the eighteenth century,a new environmental sensitivity which called for valuing and respecting nature beyond its usefulness to human purposes.”篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Literature ReviewIn the chapter of On Humanity Relationship wi
43、th Nature entitled“Alienation Reconsidered:The Ancient Mariner,”Rookmaaker argues against a moral interpretation of the poem and instead focuses on the difficulties inherent in humanitys relationship with nature.In The Ancient Mariner Coleridge tried to face the implications of this reverse side of
44、his faith in nature,tried to describe the causes and consequences of mans alienation from nature and God.If this is accepted,it will appear that the poem has its proper place in the development of Coleridges thought and does not contradict his statements in the apparently more optimistic poems he wr
45、ote at the same time.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Wordsworth wrote to Joseph Cottle in 1799:From what I can gather it seems that the Ancient Mariner has upon the whole been an injury to the volume,I mean that the old words and the strangeness of it have deterred readers from
46、 going on.If the volume should come to a second Edition I would put in its place some little things which would be more likely to suit the common taste.However,when Lyrical Ballads was reprinted,Wordsworth included it despite Coleridges objections,writing:Literature Review篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜
47、负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Literature ReviewThe Poem of my Friend has indeed great defects;first,that the principal person has no distinct character,either in his profession of Mariner,or as a human being who having been long under the control of supernatural impressions might be supposed himself to
48、 partake of something supernatural;secondly,that he does not act,but is continually acted upon;thirdly,that the events having no necessary connection do not produce each other;and lastly,that the imagery is somewhat too laboriously accumulated.篮球比赛是根据运动队在规定的比赛时间里得分多少来决定胜负的，因此，篮球比赛的计时计分系统是一种得分类型的系统Li
49、terature Review Yet the Poem contains many delicate touches of passion,and indeed the passion is every where true to nature,a great number of the stanzas present beautiful images,and are expressed with unusual felicity of language;and the versification,though the metre is itself unfit for long poems
50、,is harmonious and artfully varied,exhibiting the utmost powers of that metre,and every variety of which it is capable.It therefore appeared to me that these several merits(the first of which,namely that of the passion,is of the highest kind)gave to the Poem a value which is not often possessed by b