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1、高中英语语法学习/复习讲义虚拟语气语法知识点讲义14【精讲版全国通用】与过去、现在、将来事实相反的虚拟语气知识点总结与过去事实相反的虚拟语气请看下面的题目：If he _，he _ that food.Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.A.was warned，would not takeB.had been warned，would not have takenC.would be warned，had not takenD.would have been warned，had not taken此题应选B。该题考查与过去事实相反
2、的虚拟语气：此时条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用would(should，could，might)+have+过去分词：1.If she had worked harder，she _.A.would succeed B.had succeededC.should succeed D.would have succeeded2.If my lawyer _ here last Saturday，he _me from going.A.had been; would have preventedB.had been; would preventC.were; wouldD.were
3、; would have prevented3.I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she_，she would have met my brother.A.has come B.did comeC.came D.had come4.You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn，you_ so tired.A.drove; didnt getB.drove; wouldnt getC.were driving; wouldnt getD.had driven; wouldnt have got答案：1.D2.A
4、3.D4.D与现在事实相反的虚拟语气请看下面的题目：If he was here，he _ us how to do it.A.toldB.would tellC.had toldD.have told此题应选B。该题考查与现在事实相反的虚拟语气：此时条件从句的谓语动词用过去式，主句的谓语则要用would (should，could，might)+动词原形：If there were no subjective mood，English would be much easier.要是没有虚拟语气，英语就会容易得多了。If I knew his telephone number，I would
5、ring him up.我要是知道他的电话号码，我就给他打电话了。在虚拟条件句，动词be的过去式通常用were(不管是单数还是复数)，但在现代英语，单数情况也可以用was：We could ask him if he were was here.他要是在这里，我们就可以问问他了。但是在某些表达(If I were you，as it were等)中，be只用were这一形式：If I were you，I should go and see the doctor at once.假若我是你，我会马上去看医生。The sky is covered，as it were，with a black
6、curtain.天空好像是被黑幕遮住了似的。有时在虚拟条件句也可能用could，might等，那多半是因为语义的需要：If he could help you，he would help you.要是他能够帮助你的话，他会帮助你的。与将来事实相反的虚拟语气请看下面的题目：If we _ 200 years old，we _ everything.A.were to be，could changeB.had been，changedC.were，would have changedD.should be，changed此题应选A。该题考查与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，此时的主句谓语通常用would(
7、should，could，might)动词原形，而从句谓语可能有以下几种情况：1.从句谓语用过去式：If your father knew this，he would be angry.要是你父亲知道了，他会生气的。If it rained tomorrow，the sports meet would beput off.要是明天下雨，运动会就推迟。2.从句谓语用should+动词原形(通常指可能性极小的事情，一般译为“万一”)：If it should rain，the crops would be saved.要是有雨，这庄稼还有救。此类句型的主句谓语有时可以用祈使句甚至将来时态：If it should rain tomorrow，dont expect me.万一明天下雨，就不要等我了。If I should be free tomorrow，I will come.万一我明天有空，我就来。3.从句谓语用were to+动词原形(通常指可能性极小可或近乎不可能，有时指出乎意料)：If the sun were to rise in the west，my love for you would not change.即使太阳从西边出，我对你的爱也不会变。