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1、职称英语理工类A级模拟11第1部分：词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。1 When th e y b u i l t t h i s o f f ic e b lo c k,th e y gave no consideration to p e o p le inw h e e lc h a irs.A.w onder B.a d v iceC.th o u g h t D.re q u e s t2、T hat fen ce o v e r th e re form s th e boun
2、dary betw een o u r g ard en and o u r n eig h b o u rsA.d iv id in g lin e B.f r o n tie rC.b o rd e r D.fro n t3、The te a c h e r c o u ld n11 tolerate th e b o y1 s bad b e h a v io u r any lo n g e r.A.p u t up B.p u t o u tC.p u t up w ith D.p u t o ff4、I f you th in k th a t you can n e v er r
3、e p la c e th a t p r ic e le s s p a in tin g,d o n11despair,A ll is n o t l o s t!A.c ry B.5.make a n o is eC.lo s e hope D.be d e s p e ra te5、A ll th e s tu d e n ts in o u r s p o rts team s a re v e ry athletic.A.f i t B.s tro n gC.f a s t D.p h y s ic a l6、T h e ir b u s in e s s was s u c c
4、e s s fu l as th e y now had a compatible b o ard o f d ir e c to r s .A.e x p e rie n c e d B.c o m p e titiv eC.harm onious D.p o w erfu l7、P a re n ts have become in c re a s in q ly concerned about th e te le v is io n v iew in g h a b itso f t h e i r c h ild r e n.A.in te r e s te d in B.w o r
5、rie d ab o u tC.d is a p p o in te d w ith D.in d if f e r e n t to8、S in ce th e advent o f th e m otor c a r,ro a d a c c id e n ts have in c re a s e d d r a m a tic a lly.A.ap p ro ach B.in a u g u ra tio nC.in tro d u c tio n D.i n i t i a t i o n9、L aura was a b s o lu te ly confused by th e p
6、 u z z le.A.p e rp le x e d B.e n ta n g le dC.fa s c in a te d D.m asked10 When money was needed fo r flo o d r e l i e f o r to b u ild dam s,th e money hadto come from th e fe d e ra l gov ern m en t,s in c e th e re w ere no lo c a l funds to makeuse of.A.draw o u t B.draw to g e th e rC.draw on
7、 D.draw o ff11 Maj o r d ev elo p m en tal t h r u s t s,o r waves*as A lv in T o ff l e r c a ll s them,fo llo weach o th e r in s u c c e ss io n,each ad d in g a v i t a l new aspect.A.v iew p o in t B.dim en sionC.ap p earan ce D.a t titu d e12 H er re g u la r p rim ary c a re d o c to r set as
8、ide h e r c o m p la in ts w ith a s m ile.A.discussed B.dispensedC.dispatched D.dismissed13、Up to now,we have tolerated self-destructive behavior and environmentalvandalism on a global scale.A.To date B.Until thenC.At present D.Now that14、If you find and cure everybody who has the disease,you can c
9、urb the epidemicin its tracks.A.quit B.haltC.assist D.hail15、Some professional footballers earn more in a month than many of us do inmany years.A.do B.winC.gain D.receive第2部分：阅读判断阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C。People living on parts of th
10、e south coast of England face a serious problem.In 1993 z the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered,totheir horror,that their gardens had disappeared overnight.The sea had eateninto the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built.While expertswere studying the problem,the h
11、otel and several houses disappeared altogether,sliding down the cliff and into the sea.Erosion（侵略蚀）of the white cliffs along the south coast of England hasalways been a pro blem but it has become more serious in recent years.Dozensof homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and fa
12、rtherinland.Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a mapfor local people,forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowedup by the hungry sea.Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protecttheir homes.Government surveyors have pointed ou
13、t that in most cases,thisis impossible.New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds andwould merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast,shiftingthe problem from one area to another.The danger is likely to continue,theysay,until the waves reach an inland area of hard roc
14、k which will not be eatenas limestone is.Meanwhile,if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertainfuture z apply to a house agent in one of the threatened a reason the southcoast of England.You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turnout to be a knockdown home.16、The rising of the se
15、a level is the cause of the problem that people livingon parts of the south coast of England face.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned17 The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England has now becomea threat to the local residents.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned18 The erosion can be stopped if pr
16、oper measures are taken.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned19 The experts 1 study on the problem of erosion can warn people whose homesare in danger.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned20、The disappearance of hotels,houses and gardens will soon become a problemfor people living in central England.A.Right B.Wro
17、ng C.Notmentioned21、It is not feasible to build sea defense to protect against erosion becauseit is too costly and will endanger neighboring areas.A.Right B.Wrong C.Notmentioned22 According to the author,when buying a house along the south coast of England,people should guard against being cheated b
18、y the house agent.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。Human wants seem endless.When a starving man gets a meal z he begins tothink about an overcoat；when an executive gets a new sports car,visions
19、of country clubs and pleasure boats dance into view.2.The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels.When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants z another level appears.3.The first and most basic level of wants involves food.Once this wantis satisfied,a second l
20、evel of wants appears：clothing and some tort of shelter.By the end of World War U these wants were satisfied for a great majorityof American.Then a third level appeared.It in eluded such items as automobilesand new houses.4.By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied.Then,in
21、the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared：the*life enrichinglevel.While the other levels involve physical satisfaction the feeding,comfort,safety,and transportation of the human body this level stressesmental needs for recognition,achivement and happiness.5.It includes a variety of goods and s
22、ervices,many of which could becalled luxuryn items.Among them are vacation trips,the best medical anddental care,and entertainment.Also included fancy foods and the latest stylesin clothing.On the fourth level,a greater percentage of consumers*spendinggoes to services,which on the first three levels
23、 more is spent on goods.6.A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved bestby comuni ty action.Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for governmentaction against diseasez ignorance,crime and prejudice.After filling ourstomachs,our clothes closets,our garagesz our teeth,an
24、d our mindsz we nowmay seek to ensure the health,safety and leisure to enjoy more fully thegood things on the first four levels.23、24、25、26、ParagraphParagraphParagraphParagraph3 _4 _5 _6 _A.On the Fourth Level,Consumers Spend More on Luxuries And Personal ServicesB.A Good Service Is Related to nPhys
25、ical Satisfaction*1C.The Fifth Level May Be A Lot More Desirable Than the First FourD.E.F.By the End of World War I IThe First Three Levels ofThe Fourth Level of WantsMost Americans Didn*t Own AutomobilesWants Involve Physical SatisfactionInvolves Mental Satisfaction27、Man will begin to think about
26、such needs as housing and clothing onlywhen.28、By 1957 or 1958 most A m e r i c a n s.2 9、Clothing and some sort of shelter are.30、A family car is not related to.A.the main concern of man on the second level.B.had the good things on the first three levels.C.he has satisfied his hunger.D.little bette
27、r than good service.E.mental satisfaction.F.live in poverty.第4部分：阅读理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。弟 扁To live in the Untied States today is togain an appreciation for Dahrendorf 1s assertion that social change exists everywhere.Technology,the applicationof knowledge
28、 for practical endsz is a major source of social change.Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is a human creation；it does not exist naturally.A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as aphysical object.Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to producemachine parts,neith
29、er is much more than a solid mass of matter.For a birdlooking for an object on which to restz a spear or robot serves the purposeequally well.The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle（挑战者号航天飞机）and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human qualityof technology；they provide ca
30、ses in which well-planned systems suddenly wenthaywire（变得1昆乱）and there was no ready hand to set them right.Since technologyis a human creation,we are responsible for what is done with i t.Pessimistsworry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselvesto pieces.But they hav
31、e been saying this for decades,and so far we havemanaged to survive and even flourish.Whether we will continue to do so inthe years ahead remains uncertain.Clearly,the impact of technology on ourlives deserves a closer examination.Few technological deve 1 opments have had a greater impact on our liv
32、es thanthe computer revolution.Scientists and engineers have designed specializedmachines that can do the tasks that once only people could d o.There are thosewho assert that the switch to an informationbased economy is in the same campas other great historical milestones,particularly the Industrial
33、 Revolution.Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution,we find thatit was not the machines.The primary reason why it was a revolutionary isthat it led to great social change.It gave rise to mass production and,throughmass production,to a society in which wealth was not confined t
34、o the few.In somewhat similar fashion,computers promise to revolutionize thestructure of American life,particularly as they free the human mind and opennew possibilities in knowledge and communication.The industrial Revolutionsupplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanicalm
35、ethods.The computer extends this development to supplement and replace someaspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods.It is the capacityof the computer for solving problems and making decisions that representsits greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predictin
36、gthe impact on society.31 A spear or a robot has the quality of technology only when it.A.is used both as a cultural and a physical objectB.serves different purposes equally wellC.is utilized by manD.can be of use to both man and animal32、The examples of the Challenger and Chernobyl cited by the aut
37、hor serveto show that_.A.if not given close examination,technology could be used to destroyour worldB.technology is a human creation,so we are responsible for itC.technology usually goes wrongz if not controlled by manD.being a human creation,technology is liable to error33、According to the author,t
38、he introduction of the computer is a revolutionmainly b e c a u s e.A.the computer has revolutionized the workings of the human mindB.the computer can do the tasks that could only be done by people beforeC.it has helped to switch to an information technologyD.it has a great potential impact on socie
39、ty34、By using the phrase the human quality of technology1*(Line 5 z Para.2),the author refers to the fact that technology_.A.has a great impact on human lifeB.has some characteristics of human natureC.can replace some aspects of the human mindD.does not exist in the natural world35、The passage is ba
40、sed on the author1 s.A.keen insight into the nature of technologyB.prejudiced criticism of the role of the Industrial RevolutionC.cautious analysis of the replacement of the human mind by computersD.exaggerated description of the negative consequences of technology弟一 扁Botany,the study of plants,occu
41、pies a peculiar position in the historyof human knowledge.For not many thousands of years it was the one fieldof awareness about which humans had anything more than the vaguest of insights(T解).It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age ancestors knewabout plants.But from what we can obse
42、rve of pre-industrial societies thatstill exist,a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremelyancient.This is logical.Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for allliving things,even for other plants.They have always been enormously importantto the welfare of peoples,not only
43、 for food,but also for clothing,weapons,tools,dyes z medicines,shelter,and a great many other purposes.Tribes livingtoday in the jungles of the Amazon recognize literally hundreds of plantsand know many properties of each.To them botany,as such,has no name andis probab-ly not even recognized as a sp
44、ecial branch of knowledge at a l l.Unfortunately,the more industrialized we become,the farther away we movefrom direct contact with plants,and the less distinct our knowledge of botanygrows.Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanicalknowledgez and few people will fail to recog
45、nize a rose,an apple,or an orchid.When our Neolithic ancestorsz living in the Middle East about 10,000 yearsage,discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds plantedfor richer yields the next season,the first great step in a new associationof plants and humans was taken.Grains w
46、ere discovered and from them flowedthe marvel of agriculture：cultivated crops.From then on,humans wouldincreasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants,rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varie-tiesthat grew wild and the accumulated knowledge o
47、f tens of thousands of yearsof experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.36、It is assumed in the passage that early humans.A.probably had extensive knowledge of plantsB.thought there was no need to cultivate cropsC.did not enjoy the study of botanyD.placed great import
48、ance on the ownership of property37 The comment nThis is logicaln in Line 7 means.A.there is no clear way to determine the extent of our ancestors*knowledgeof plantsB.it is not surprising that early humans had a detailed knowledge ofplantsC.it is reasonable to assume that our ancestors behaved very
49、much likepeople in preindustrial societiesD.human knowledge of plants is well organized and very detailed38、According to the passage,the general knowledge of botany began to fadebecause.A.people no longer value plants as a useful resourceB.botany is not recognized as a special branch of scienceC.res
50、earch is unable to keep up with*the increasing numbers of plantsD.direct contact with a variety of plants has decreased3 9、The author mentions a rose,an apple,or an orchid in order toA.make the passage more poeticB.cite examples of plants that are attractiveC.give botanical examples that all readers