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1、优质文本2016职称英语理工B真题及答案考试时间:上午9:00-11:00，120分钟。职称外语考试各级别、专业的试题全部为客观题，在答题卡上作答。考生应考时，可携带一本正式出版的通用外语词典不得携带电子词典以及专门为职称外语考试编写的词典、2B铅笔、橡皮、黑色墨水笔。 第一局部 词汇选项第1-15题，每题1分，共15分下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线局部确定1个意义最为接近的选项。revelationof his past led to his resignation.2. Youll have tosprintif you want to catch the tra
2、in.3. Jensen is dangerous man, and can be verybrutal. are worried about thisfluidsituation full with uncertainty. newgarmentfits her perfectly. phobia may have its root in a childhoodtrauma. have built canals toirrigatethe desert.8. The coastal area has verymildwinter, but the central plains remain
3、extremely cold.9. Her overall language proficiency remains that of atoddler.10.The details of the costume were totallyauthentic.11. The idea was quitebrilliant.B.cleverD.original12. We are aware of thepotentialproblems.B.possibleD.central13.Stock market pricetumbledafter rumor of a rise in interest
4、rate.B.increasedD.fell14.The course gives you basicinstructionin car maintenance.B.ideaD.aspect15.All houses within 100 meters of the seas areat riskof flooding. dangerB.out of control equalsD.in particular第二局部 阅读判断第16-22题，每题1分，共7分 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；
5、如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。The Theory of EveryoneIf Stephen Hawking lives until the year 2017, he will have lived more than 50 years longer than his doctors expected. When he was a college student, doctors discovered that he had a rare disease. This disease causes a gradual disintegration(分解)of the nerve ce
6、lls in the brain cells that regulate voluntary muscle activity. Death almost always occurs within two or three years.Today Stephen Hawking cannot walk or speak. He cannot move his arms or his head. He cannot taste or smell anything. And yet this man is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge Universit
7、y, a position held by the famous scientist Isaac Newton in 1669.Hawking is often described as the greatest scientist since Albert Einstein, but to the world outside science, he is also known as the man who made scientific theory understandable. His book, A Brief History of Time, has sold over eight
8、million copies.He says that since he does not have to think about his body or do any of the things other men have to worry about, such as washing the car or working in the yard, he can dedicate all of his time to thinking. This puts him in the perfect position to find the answer to the question that
9、 he has dedicated his life to. His question is: Is there a complete theory of the universe and everything in it?Despite his tremendous physical disabilities, he has already made some very important discoveries about the origin of the universe, how the universe holds together, and how it will probabl
10、y end. He has also been able to explain the secrets of “black holes in space. Now he is looking for a set of rules that everything in our universe must obey. He calls it the Theory of Everything. He thinks that someone will have found the answer within the next 20 years.If Stephen Hawking is able to
11、 find his Theory of Everything, he will have given the world the opportunity to understand things that will change the whole nature of science and probably also the way we live.16.Stephen Hawking will be 50 years old by 2017. mentioned17.Stephen Hawking suffers from a rare brain disease. mentioned18
12、.Stephen Hawking is Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University. mentioned19.A Brief History of Time is very difficult for students to understand. mentioned20.Stephen Hawking has much time to think because he doesnt have to work. mentioned21.Stephen Hawking has spent around ten years explaining
13、 the secrets of mentioned22.The Theory of Everything is about the rules that everything in the universe follows. mentioned第三局部 概括大意与完成句子第23-30题，每题1分，共8分 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：1第23-26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；2第27-30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最正确选项。Geothermal (地热) Energy1 Since heat naturally moves from hotter re
14、gions to cooler ones, the heat from the earths center flows outwards towards the surface. In this way, it transfers to the next layer of rock. If the temperature is high enough, some of this rock melts and forms magma(岩浆). The magma ascends in its turn towards the earths surface. It often remains we
15、ll below the earths surface, creating vast areas of hot rock. In such regions, there are deep cracks, which allow rainwater to descend underground. Some of the heated rainwater travels back up to the earths surface where it will appear as a hot spring. However, if this ascending hot water reaches a
16、layer of impermeable(不可渗透的)rock, it remains trapped, forming a geothermal reservoir. If geothermal reservoirs are close enough to the surface, they can be reached by drilling wells. Hot water and steam shoot up the wells naturally, and can be used to produce electricity in geothermal power plants. f
17、ew geothermal power plants depend on dry-stem reservoirs which produce steam but little or no water. In these cases, the steam is piped up directly to provide the power to spin a turbine generator. The first geothermal power plant, constructed at Lardarello in Italy, was of this type, and is still p
18、roducing electricity today.3.Most currently operating geothermal power plants are either flash steam plants or binary(双重的)plants. Flash plants produce mainly hot water ranging in temperature from 300 to 700Fahrenheit. This water is passed through one or two separators where released from the pressur
19、e of the underground reservoir, it flashes or boils into steam Again, the force of this steam provides the energy to spin the turbine and produce electricity. The geothermal water and steam are then reinjected directly back down into the earth to maintain the volume and pressure of the reservoir. Gr
20、adually they will be reheated and can then be used again. reservoir with temperatures below 300 Fahrenheit is not hot enough to flash steam but it can still be used to generate electricity in binary fluid. The steam from this is used to power the turbines. As in the flash steam plant, the geothermal
21、 water is recycled back into the reservoir. steam plants plants of geothermal energy of electricity steam plants water and steam23.Paragraph1_24Paragraph2_25Paragraph3_26Paragraph4_ energy to turn a turbine rock or two separators operator or no water springs27.A geothermal reservoir is formed when h
22、ot water is trapped under_.28.A dry-steam reservoir produces steam with_.29.Flash plants produce hot water through _.30.In a binary plant, the heat of the geothermal water can be converted into _.第四局部 阅读理解第31-45题，每题3分，共45分 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最正确选项。Smart WindowsWindows not only let ligh
23、t in to cut down an electricity use for lighting, but the light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge technology. Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change fro
24、m clear to dark and anywhere in between easily.It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is, says Claes Granqvist. Hes a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden. Its contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to
25、 feel well. So, windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when theyre stuck indoors.Yet, windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When its hot and sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this
26、 sunlight carries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing cold air, which can feel so refreshing(使人清新的), actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.Windows have been a major focus of energy res
27、earch for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating, glazing(用玻璃覆盖), and layering windows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further. They use some chromogenic(发色的)technologies involving changes of color.Electrochromic(电致色的
28、) windows use electricity to change color. For example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of tungsten oxide(氧化钨)works a bit like a battery. Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed, that is, when the amount of voltage(电压)is decreased, the
29、window darkens until its completely dark after all electricity is taken away. So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark.One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of memory. All it takes is a small shock of voltage to turn the window
30、from one state to the other. Then, it stays that way. Transitions take from 10 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the size of the window. The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need. In the future, Granqvist says, our buildings may look di
31、fferent.31.Which of the following values of windows is NOT mentioned? let light in to brighten the house. let light in to heat the house. let us have visual contact with the surrounding world. let us think about the outside world.32.The expression when it comes to in Paragraph 3 is used to_. the arr
32、ival of a guest. the recovery of consciousness. our understanding of something. a new aspect of a topic.33.According to Paragraph 4, smart windows are the windows that_. costed. glazed. several layers. change color.34.Which paragraph gives an account of the way electrochromic windows changing? 5. 3.
33、 4. 6.35.A smart windows is smart mainly because_. can change its size. can change its structure. can change the voltage of electricity. has a sort of memory.Sports Star Yao MingIf Yao Ming is not the biggest sports star in the world, he is almost certainly the tallest. At 2.26m, he is the tallest p
34、layer in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and holds the record as the most towering Olympian ever to compete in the Games.But what really stands out about the giant center is his celebrity(名气). Few, if any, Chinese athletes are as well-known as Yao around the world. People across the globe
35、are fascinated with Yao, not only for his basketball prowess(杰出的才能)also for being a symbol of international commerce.When Yao joined the Houston Rockets as the No.1 pick in the 2002 NBA draft(选抜)， he was the first international player ever to be selected first. His assets on the court are clear enou
36、ghno NBA player of his size has ever possessed his mobility, so he is a handful(难对付的人)for opponents on either end of the court. But what makes Yao invaluable to the Rockets organization is his role as a global citizen and as a bridge to millions of potential basketball fans in China.When it was anno
37、unced in February that Yao would miss the rest of the NBA season and possibly the Olympics with a stress fracture(骨折)in his left foot, a collective shudder(震动)spread across China. After considerable debate and discussion, Yao opted to get his foot surgically treated in an operation that placed sever
38、al tiny screws across the bone, to offer his overburdened foot more support. The surgery was a success, and though the estimated four-month recovery period will leave him little time to prepare with Team China, Yao has vowed to be ready for the Beijing Olympics.Yao wrapped up a 10-day trip to China,
39、 where he underwent a series of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatments, hoping to accelerate his recovery process Western experts are generally skeptical of TCMs benefits although new research from the University of Rochester suggests that a certain compound derived from shellfish may indeed
40、stimulate bone repair.There is no reason to dismiss TCM, Yao told a press conference in Beijing. Its been used in our country for thousands of years. I dont think that its short on science.36.The word towering in Paragraph 1 means_.B.fat.37.Opponents find it very difficult to control Yao Ming becaus
41、e of his_.38.Yao Ming had to undergo a series of TCM treatments because_ right foot had been hurting. wanted to make a more rapid recovery. surgical operation had been a failure. couldnt afford all the medical expenses.39.Which statement about Yao Ming is NOT true? missed the Athens Olympics. is an
42、NBA player. fractured his left foot. is an international figure.40.In general, the Western experts attitude towards TCM is_.Can you hear This?When something creates a sound wave in a room or an auditorium, listeners hear the sound wave directly from the source. They also hear the reflections as the
43、sound bounces off the walls, floor, and ceiling. These are called the reflected wave or reverberant(反射的)sound, which can be heard even after the sound is no longer coming from the source.The reverberation time of an auditorium is determined by the volume or interior size of the auditorium. It is als
44、o determined by how well or how poorly the walls, ceiling, floor, and contents of the room (including the people) absorb sound. There is no ideal reverberation time. Because each use of an auditorium calls for different reverberation. Speech needs to be understood clearly: therefore rooms used for t
45、alking must have a short reverberation time. The full-sound performance of music such as Wagner operas or Mahler symphonies should have a long reverberation time. The light, rapid musical passages of Bach or Mozart need a reverberation time somewhere between.Acoustic problems often are caused by poor auditorium design. Smooth, curved reflecting surfaces create large reflections. Parallel(平行的)walls reflect sound back and forth, creating a rapid, repetitive pulsing effect. Large pillars(柱)and corners can cause acoustic shadows as the sound waves