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1、 语法 宾语从句讲解小口诀:宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制;主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时;陈述转化that引，一般疑问用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一.基本讲解来源:直接引语变间接引语概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，可做V谓/介词短语的宾语。Eg : He said,“I am good at drawing一He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry. at what you said. (介词宾语)1.引导词1) that引导宾语从句时，通常用陈述句充当
2、，that可省略。一Eg: She said, “I want to go thereShe said (that) she wanted to go there.They all know (that) Jim is good at skating.(2) whether 或if引导的宾语从句，由一般疑问句/选择疑问句充当，陈述语序。Eg:“Are you interested in geography? she said.She asked if/whether ! was interested in geography,I wonder if /whether she has told
3、the new to Li Lei.I m not sure whether he will come or not.注意: -般情况下，whether 和if可以互用，但有些 情况例外a.介词短语后只用whether不用ifeg: We are talking about whether well go on the panic.b. 引导词与动词不定式或or not连用时，只用whether.eg:I can t say whether or not he will come on timec. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，表示如果，不能用whether. Eg:If you w
4、ant to be a good teacher, it will take times.Whether you can succeed depends on how much effort you pay.b引导词与动词不定式或or not连用时，只用whether (3).特殊疑问词引导宾语从句时，不可省略，陈述句语序。特殊疑问词为: how，when, where, why ， which whose.What引导宾从时做主语或宾语或表语等。What do you want?He asked.He asked me what I wanted.| have no idea where h
5、e is now. I don t know how to deal with it. He asked whose handwriting is the best in the class.对比下列句子，看what做什么成分:He asked what was the wrong/matter with me. (what 做主语) He doesn t know what to do now (做宾语)He asked me who he was. (who做表语)He asked what was the wrong/matter with me. (what 做主语) He doesn
6、 t know what to do now (做宾语)He asked me who he was. (who 做表语)2.宾语从句时态a.主句为一般现在时，从句不受主句的限制eg: Do you know if/whether he has seen the film?I am sorry to hear that your father is ill.She says she is going to go to Beijing next week.He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.b.当主句是一般过去时，从句用过去的相应某种时
7、态She didn t know why the boy was late again.(过去一般)| didnt know if/whether he had seen the film. (过去完成)| wondered when she was going to America. (过去将来)注意:当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用-般现在时。例如:Eg: He said (that the earth moves round the sun. / that light travels much faster than sound. )
8、The teacher told us (seeing is believing. )3.语序:陈述语序，主+谓+其他* when will you leave for Beijing? (Could you please tell me)Could you please tell me when you will leave for Beijing?*Has she seen the movie (He asked. )He asked if she had seen the movie.*Could you tell me whats the matterwrong with you?注意
9、：如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般现在时。例如：Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth. （一般现在时）我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。4. 宾语从句的否定转移主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等，从句的否定一般要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。例如：I dont think theyll wait to the last minute，will they？ 我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟，他们会吗？I dont beli
10、eve he did this, did he? 我相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗？1. Do you know _ the meeting? Tomorrow morning.A. when they hadB. when they are going to haveC. when did they haveD. when are they going to have2. Mr. Green, do you know_? July 10, it will last a month.A. when our summer camp begins B. when does our summer ca
11、mp beginC. where our summer camp begins D. where does our summer camp begin3. I didnt know _.A. when would the train arriveB. where could I get the bookC. what has been doneD. who left the message4. Could you tell me_? Certainly. In half an hour.A. when will the high speed train arrive B. when the h
12、igh speed train will arrive C. when would the high speed train arrive D. when the high speed train would arrive5. Excuse me, could you tell me _ to get to the post office? Certainly. The No. 15 bus. A. which bus I should take B. I should take which bus C. should I take which bus D. which bus should
13、I take 6.I think _ not difficult _ English every morningA. that; keep readingBits; keep readingC. that; to keep readingDit; to keep reading7. Do you know _ Zunyi or not tomorrow? A. whether are they leaving for B. whether they are leaving forC. if they are leaving for D. if are they leaving for8. Th
14、e policewoman asked the little boy _.Awhere did he liveBwhere he livedCwhere he lives Dwhere does he lives9. Show me the map, please. I wonder _. Look, its here, in the east of China, near Taiwan Province.A. where is Diaoyu Island B. where Diaoyu Island is C. what is Diaoyu Island like10. Could you tell me_ he came here? He drove here himself.A. how B. why C. when D. whether11. Can you tell me _ the prize, Tom? Last year.A. when you gotB. when did you getC. when will you getD. when you will get答案1-5 BADBA 6-10 DBBBA 11 A学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司