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1、考研真题历年英语二阅读考研真题历年英语二阅读1Text 4Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs theLabor Department reporled for Jure,along with thedrop in the unemployment take to 6 J percent,at goodnews.And they were right.F or now it appears theeconomy is creating jobs at a decent pace.We stillhave a long way to go to g
2、et back to full employment,but at least we are now finally moving forward at afaster pace.However there is another important part of thejobs picture that was largely ovedookcd.There was abig jump in the number of people who reportvoluntarily working part-time.This figure is now830,000(4,4 percent)ab
3、ove its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare,it is worth making an important distinction.Manypeople who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs.They take part-time work because this isall they can get.An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakn
4、ess in the labor marketand it means that many people will be having a veryhard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time inJune,but the general direction has been down.Involuntary part-time employment is still far higherthan before the recession,but it is down by640,000(7.
5、9 percent)from its year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary andinvoluntary part-time employment because people tellus.The survey used by the Labor Department askspeople if they worked less than 35 hours in thereference week.If the answer is yes.they areclassified as working part-time.
6、The survey then askswhether they worked less than 35 hours in that weekbecause they wanted to work less than full time orbecause they had no choice.They are only elassifiedas voluntary part-time workers if they tell thesurvey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours aweek.The issue of voluntary p
7、art-time relates toObamacare becanse one of the main purposes was toallow people to get insurance outside of employment.For many people,especially those with serious healthconditions or family members with serious healthconditions,before Obamacare the only way to getinsurance was through a job that
8、provided healthinsurance.However,Obamacare has allowed more than 12million people to either get insurance throughMedicaid or the exchanges.These are people who maypreviously have felt the need to get a full-time jobthat provided insurance in order to cover themselvesand their families.With Obamacare
9、 there is no longera link between employment and insurance.36.Which part of the jobs picture was neglected?A.The prospect of a thriving job market.B.The increase of voluntary part-time jobs.C.The possibility of full employment.D.The acceleration of job creation.37.Many people work part-time because
10、theyA.prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobsB.feel that is enough to make ends meetC.cannot get their hands on full-time jobsD.haven t seen the weakness of the market38.Involuntary part-time employment in the USA.is harder to acquire than one year agoB.shows a general tendency of declineC.satisfies
11、 the real need of the joblessD.is lower than before the recession39.It can be learned that with Obamacare,.A.it is no longer easy for part-timers to getinsuranceB.employment is no longer a precondition to getinsuranceC.it is still challenging to get insurance forfamily membersD.full-time employment
12、is still essential forinsurance40.The text mainly discusses.A.employment in the USB.part-timer classificationC.insurance through MedicaidD.Obamacares trouble考研真题历年英语二阅读2Text 4When the government talks about infrastructurecontributing to the economy the focus is usually onroads,raiIways,broadband and
13、 energy.Housing isseldom mentioned.Why is that?To some extent the housing sectormust shoulder the blame.We have not been good atmunieating the real value that housing can contributeto economic growth.Then there is the scale of thetypical housing project.It is hard to shove forattention among multibi
14、llion-pound infrastructureproject,so it is inevitable that the attention isfocused elsewhere.But perhaps the most significantreason is that the issue has always been sopolitically charged.Nevertheless,the affordable housing situation isdesperate.Waiting lists increase all the time and weare simply n
15、ot building enough new homes.The prehensive spending review offers anopportunity for the government to help rectify this.It needs to put historical prejudices to one side andtake some steps to address our urgent housing need.There are some indications that it is preparing todo just that.The munities
16、 minister,Don Foster,hashinted that George Osborne,Chancellor of theExchequer,may introduce more flexibility to thecurrent cap on the amount that local authorities canborrow against their housing stock debt.Evidenceshows that 60,000 extra new homes could be built overthe next five years if the cap w
17、ere lifted,increasing GDP by 0.6%.Ministers should also look at creating greatercertainty in the rental environment,which would havea significant impact on the ability of registeredproviders to fund new developments from revenues.But it is not just down to the government.Whilethese measures would be
18、 wele in the short term,wemust face up to the fact that the existing?4.5bnprogramme of grants to fund new affordable housing,set to expire in 20XX,is unlikely to be extendedbeyond then.The Labour party has recently announcedthat it will retain a large part of the coalition sspending plans if returns
19、 to power.The housingsector needs to accept that we are very unlikely toever return to era of large-scale public grants.Weneed to adjust to this changing climate.36.The author believes that the housing sector_A has attracted much attentionB involves certain political factorsC shoulders too much resp
20、onsibilityD has lost its real value in economy37.It can be learned that affordable housinghas_A increased its home supplyB offered spending opportunitiesC suffered government biasesD disappointed the government38.According to Paragraph 5,George Osbornemay.A allow greater government debt for housingB
21、 stop local authorities from building homesC prepare to reduce housing stock debtD release a lifted GDP growth forecast39.It can be inferred that a stable rentalenvironment w o u l d.Alower the costs of registered providersBlessen the impact of government interferenceC contribute to funding new deve
22、lopmentsDrelieve the ministers of responsibilities40.The author believes that after 20XX,thegovernment may.Aimplement more policies to support housingBreview the need for large-scale public grantsC renew the affordable housing grants programmeDstop generous funding to the housing sector考研真题历年英语二阅读3T
23、ext 4Europe is not a gender-equality heaven.Inparticular,the corporate workplace will never bepletely family friendly until women are part ofsenior management decisions,and Europe,s topcorporate-governance positions remain overwhelminglymale.indeed,women hold only 14 percent of positionson Europe co
24、rporate boards.The Europe Union is now considering legislation topel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportionof women-up to 60 percent.This proposed mandate wasborn of frustration.Last year,Europe CommissionVice President Viviane Reding issued a call tovoluntary action.Reding invited corpor
25、ations to signup for gender balance goal of 40 percent female boardmembership.But her appeal was considered a failure：only 24 panies took it up.Do we need quotas to ensure that women cancontinue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as theybalance work and family?“Personally,I don t like quotas,w Redi
26、ng saidrecently.But i like what the quotas do.Quotasget action：they aopen the way to equality and theybreak through the glass ceiling,“according toReding,a result seen in France and other countrieswith legally binding provisions on placing women intop business positions.I understand Reding,s relucta
27、nce-and herfrustration.I don,t like quotas either；they runcounter to my belief in meritocracy,government bythe capable.Bur,when one considers the obstacles toachieving the meritocratic ideal,it does look as ifa fairer world must be temporarily ordered.After all,four decades of evidence has now shown
28、that corporations in Europe as the US are evading themeritocratic hiring and promotion of women to topposition-no matter how much“soft pressure”isput upon them.When women do break through to thesummit of corporate power-as,for example,SherylSandberg recently did at F acebook they attractmassive atte
29、ntion precisely because they remain theexception to the rule.If appropriate pubic policies were in place tohelp all women-whether C EOs or their children scaregivers一and all families,Sandberg would be nomore newsworthy than any other highly capable personliving in a more just society.36.In the Europ
30、ean corporate workplace,general ly.A women take the leadB men have the final sayC corporate governance is overwhelmedD senior management is family-friendly37.The European Union s intended legislation isA a reflection of gender balanceEB a reluctant choiceC a response to Reding s callD a voluntary ac
31、tion38.According ti Reding,quotas may help womenA get top business positionsB see through the glass ceilingC balance work and familyD anticipate legal results39.The author s attitude toward Reding s appealis one of.A skepticismB objectivenessC indifferenceD approval40.Women entering top management b
32、ee headlinesdue to the lack of.A more social justiceB massive media attentionC suitable public policiesD greater“soft pressure”考研真题历年英语二阅读4Text 4It s no surprise that Jennifer Senior sinsightful,provocative magazine cover story,Ilove My Children,I Hate My Life,“is arousingmuch chatter-nothing gets p
33、eople talking like thesuggestion that child rearing is anything less than apletely fulfilling,life-enriching experience.Rather than concluding that children make parentseither happy or miserable,Senior suggests we needto redefine happiness：instead of thinking of it assomething that can be measured b
34、y moment-to-momentjoy,we should consider being happy as a past-tensecondition.Even though the day-to-day experience ofraising kids can be soul-crushingly hard,Seniorwrites that“the very things that in the momentdampen our moods can later be sources of intensegratification and delight.wThe magazine c
35、over showing an attractive motherholding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week.There are alsostories about newly adoptive-and newly single-mom Sandra Bullock,as well as the usual“JenniferAniston is pregnantw news.Practically every weekfeatures at least one ce
36、lebrity mom,or mom-to-be,smiling on the newsstands.In a society that so persistently celebratesprocreation,is it any wonder that admitting youregret having children is equivalent to admitting yousupport kitten-killing?It doesn t seem quitefair,then,to pare the regrets of parents to theregrets of the
37、 children.Unhappy parents rarely areprovoked to wonder if they shouldn,t have had kids,but unhappy childless folks are bothered with themessage that children are the single most importantthing in the world：obviously their misery must be adirect result of the gaping baby-size holes in theirlives.Of c
38、ourse,the image of parenthood that celebritymagazines like Us Weekly and People present is hugelyunrealistic,especially when the parents are singlemothers like Bullock.According to several studiesconcluding that parents are less happy than childlesscouples,single parents are the least happy of all.N
39、o shock there,considering how much work it is toraise a kid without a partner to lean on；yet to hearSandra and Britney tell it,raising a kid on their“own”(read：with round-the-clock help)is a pieceof cake.I t，s hard to imagine that many people are dumbenough to want children just because Reese andAng
40、elina make it look so glamorous：most adultsunderstand that a baby is not a haircut.But it sinteresting to wonder if the images we see every weekof stress-free,happiness-enhancing parenthoodaren t in some small,subconscious way contributingto our own dissatisfactions with the actualexperience,in the
41、same way that a small part of ushoped getting“the Rachelw might make us look justa little bit like Jennifer Aniston.36.Jennifer Senior suggests in her article thatraising a child can bringAtemporary delightBenjoyment in progressChappiness in retrospectDlasting reward37.We learn from Paragraph 2 that
42、Acelebrity moms are a permanent source forgossip.Bsingle mothers with babies deserve greaterattention.Cnews about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.Dhaving children is highly valued by the public.38.It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childlessfolksAare constantly exposed to criticism.Bare largel
43、y ignored by the media.Cfail to fulfill their social responsibilities.Dare less likely to be satisfied with their life.39.According to Paragraph 4,the message conveyedby celebrity magazines isAsoothing.Bambiguous.Cpensatory.Dmisleading.40.Which of the following can be inferred from thelast paragraph?AHaving children contributes little to theglamour of celebrity moms.BCelebrity moms have influenced our attitudetowards child rearing.CHaving children intensifies our dissatisfactionwith life.DWe sometimes neglect the happiness from childrearing.