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1、外刊精读精练人们身边的网络安全隐患导读：近来，网络安全对于个人和企业来说都是一个不可忽视的问题。每个建立了网络连接的用户都面临着一个真实存在的危险 被黑客攻击，比如受到数字病毒的感染或某种形式的数据盗窃。然而说来也怪，在大多数情况下，威胁网络安全的始作俑者并不是计算机本身，而是使用互联网的用户，因为人们总在犯一些看似微不足道，却常常很关键的错误。本集外刊精读介绍三个引起人们加强网络安全意识的相关小贴士。一、语篇泛读Vocabulary: cyber security and technology 词汇：网络安全和科技Its a dangerous world out there incyber
2、space.Hackers,viruses, andmalware, among others, all exist and are very real threats. A 2017 UK governmentcyber-securitybreachessurvey showed that in the preceding 12 months, just under half of the companies asked had identified an attack or breach. That could have been disastrous.The problem is not
3、 the computers,firewallsorencryption- its us. People are bad at following good cyber-securityprotocol such as using an effective password. Were also pretty dumb when it comes to clicking on links and downloading content we shouldnt, Ian Pratt, co-founder of cyber-security firm Bromium told the BBC.
4、With that in mind, here are three tips to keep you cyber-safe.Passwords are a weakness. The ideal password should be at least eightcharacterslong, and contain upper and lower case letters, symbols and numbers. And dont use a common word such as password. This makes youvulnerableto ascrape attack.Thi
5、s is where hackers take the most common passwords and try them on millions of accounts, Thomas Pedersen from OneLogin, an identity and access management company, told the BBC.Keep your equipmentup-to-dateby installing the latest securityupdatesfor your computer - obviously. Less obvious perhaps, is
6、doing so for other technology also connected to the internet such as yourrouter. A recent study carried out by the American Consumer Institute Centre for Citizen Research found that five out of six routers are inadequately updated for known securityflaws. These require software updates, too. And don
7、t forget your other smart devices, such as your smart TV!Finally, consider enablingmulti-factor authenticationfor your accounts. Thats where a mobile phone ordongleis used to verify access to a device. If your password becomescompromised, no access can be obtained without your second authentication
8、device so dont lose your phone! In the future,biometricssuch as voice and fingerprint may make this easier.The internet is wonderful, but security threats do exist. Fortunately, with a little common sense and forethought, you can be secure from the majority of cyber-security threats.二、词汇表cyberspace
9、网络空间hacker 黑客virus 计算机病毒malware 恶意软件cyber-security 网络安全的（其名词搭配为 “cyber security”）breach 破坏、违规firewall 防火墙encryption 数据加密protocol 协议、协定character 字符（如数字、字母、标点等）vulnerable 易受攻击的scrape attack 撒网式密码盗窃up-to-date 最新的update 更新，升级router 路由器flaw 漏洞multi-factor authentication 多重身份认证dongle 软件保护器compromised 被攻破的
10、biometrics 生物特征识别技术（其形容词为 “biometric 生物特征测定的”）densely p三、测试与练习阅读课文并回答问题。1. True or False:There are things we can do to better maintain our cyber security.2. Apart from using bad passwords, what are people also susceptible to?3. Which devices can people overlook when updating security software?4. Wha
11、t is the advantage of multi-factor authentication?5. Which word used in the article means not done to a good enough standard?请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1. In the event of a fire, please follow safety _ and evacuate quickly but safely.breaches updates dongles protocols2. The unknown man ma
12、naged to _ stage security and attack the pop star mid-concert.breach scrape hack flaw3. The majority of emails these days are secured with end-to-end _.malware firewalls encryption passwords4. Soon, all transactions could be _. Youll be able to pay for your shopping with your face!compromised biomet
13、ric vulnerable up-to-date5. I think theres a small_ in your plan. We dont have any money to go to the cinema!flaw attack virus character【参考答案】阅读课文并回答问题。1. True or False:There are things we can do to better maintain our cyber security.True. This article offers three simple ideas, but there are many m
14、ore.2. Apart from using bad passwords, what are people also susceptible to?People are susceptible to clicking links and downloading content that they shouldnt.3. Which devices can people overlook when updating security software?They forget to update other devices that are connected to the internet,
15、such as routers and smart TVs.4. What is the advantage of multi-factor authentication?If your password ever becomes compromised, no access can be obtained without your second authentication device.5. Which word used in the article means not done to a good enough standard? Inadequately (Five out of s
16、ix routers are inadequately updated for known security flaws.)请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1. In the event of a fire, please follow safety protocols and evacuate quickly but safely.2. The unknown man managed to breach stage security and attack the pop star mid-concert.3. The majority of ema
17、ils these days are secured with end-to-end encryption.4. Soon, all transactions could be biometric. Youll be able to pay for your shopping with your face.5. I think theres a small flaw in your plan. We dont have any money to go to the cinema!孤独的年青人导读：我们生活在一个过度拥挤的地球上，人口迅速增长，总数接近80亿人。尽管如此，许多人还是感到孤独或生活
18、处境孤立。英国广播公司展开了一项有关孤独的调查，参与这项调查的5.5万人来自世界各地近240个国家。本集外刊精读分析这项 “孤独调查” 的结果。一、语篇泛读Vocabulary: loneliness 词汇: 孤独How lonely are you? Sometimes living alone or being in a remote location with nobody around to talk to can give you the feeling ofdespairandisolation. Its not a great feeling. Theres a commonst
19、ereotypethat its something that affects older people more, but research has found that loneliness is something that can affect us all, whatever our age.Theres a familiar phrase that says its possible to belonely in a crowd despite being surrounded by hundreds of people, you think you have nobody to
20、talk to or toconnectwith and that nobody wants to listen to you anyway. Its probably not true, but loneliness is seen as a big problem for themental healthof the population wherever they live - so much so that the British government even has a minister for loneliness.The BBC recently completed a sur
21、vey about the topic and it found that people aged between 16 and 24experienceloneliness more often and moreintenselythan any other age group. Researchers from the University of Manchester who analyzed the data, suggested feeling lonely mayplaguethe young because its a time of identity change -figuri
22、ng outyour place in the world and of learning toregulateemotions.Psychology lecturer and BBC presenter Claudia Hammond says that its tempting to conclude that something aboutmodern lifeis putting young people at a higher risk of loneliness, but when we asked older people in our survey about the lone
23、liest times in their lives, they also said it was when they were young.The issue is certainly being talked about more. And in the UK, the Minister for Loneliness Tracey Crouch has said that the government now recognizes loneliness as one of the biggesthealth challengeswe face. She also said there ne
24、eds to be a national conversation to end thestigmaabout admitting to feeling lonely.The BBC Loneliness Experiment also found the type of culture you live in hasimplicationsfor loneliness. People from cultures which tend to put a high value onindependence, such as Northern Europe and the US, revealed
25、 they would be less likely to tell a colleague about their loneliness. But in cultures whereextended familyis often emphasized, such as in Southern Europe, Latin America, Asia and Africa, older women in particular were at lower risk of feeling lonely.二、词汇表despair 绝望isolation 孤独，隔绝stereotype 成见lonely
26、 in a crowd 即使在热闹处，仍感孤独connect 建立联系mental health 精神健康状态experience 感受到，体会到intensely 强烈地plague 折磨，使苦恼figure out 找到regulate emotions 控制、调节情绪modern life 现代生活health challenge 健康隐患stigma 耻辱implication 可能的影响independence 独立extended family 大家庭三、测试与练习阅读课文并回答问题。1. According to the survey, which age range was m
27、ost affected by loneliness?2. True or false?There is more chance of feeling lonely if you live in a remote location.3. What is thought to lead to loneliness among some young people?4. Why might older women in Asia be at a lower risk of feeling lonely?5. Which word used in the article means possible
28、effects or results?请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1. Not being married and having a child no longer carries a_ in certain societies today.plague stigma stereotype culture2. Since Phil lost his job, hes been_ how to pay for the new car hed just bought.figured out figure out figuring out figuri
29、ng up3. We all had to work_ to complete our assignments on time.intensely independence stereotype isolation4. My mum had a feeling of_ when she lost her purse and her keys to the house.despairing desperate desperation despair5. The museum has got so busy we now have to_ the number of people visiting
30、 at certain times.plague isolate regulate figure out【参考答案】阅读课文并回答问题。1. According to the survey, which age range was most affected by loneliness?The BBC survey foundpeople aged between 16 and 24 experience loneliness more often and more intensely than any other age group.2. True or false?There is mor
31、e chance of feeling lonely if you live in a remote location.False. It doesnt matter where you live you can still feel lonely in a crowd.3. What is thought to lead to loneliness among some young people?Researchers from the University of Manchester suggested feeling lonely may affect the young because
32、 its a time of identity change - figuring out their place in the world and of learning to regulate emotions.4. Why might older women in Asia be at a lower risk of feeling lonely?Research found having an extended family meant they were less likely to get lonely.5. Which word used in the article means
33、 possible effects or results?Implications. The BBC Loneliness Experiment interestingly, also found the type of culture you live in has implications for loneliness.请在不参考课文的情况下完成下列练习。选择一个意思合适的单词填入句子的空格处。1. Not being married and having a child no longer carries astigmain certain societies today.2. Sinc
34、e Phil lost his job, hes beenfiguring outhow to pay for the new car hed just bought.3. We all had to workintenselyto complete our assignments on time.4. My mum had a feeling ofdespairwhen she lost her purse and her keys to the house.5. The museum has got so busy we now have toregulatethe number of people visiting at certain times.学科网（北京）股份有限公司