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1、英语专八练习阅读测试题及答案Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.DayafterdaymymenandIstruggletoholdbackatidalwaveofcrime.Somethinghasgoneterriblywrongwithouronce-proudAmericanwayoflife.Ithashappenedintheareao
2、fvalues.Akeyingredientisdisappearing,andIthinkIknowwhatitis:accountability.Accountabilityisnthardtodefine.Itmeansthateverypersonisresponsibleforhisorheractionsandliablefortheirconsequences.Ofthemanyvaluesthatholdcivilizationtogether-honesty,kindness,andsoon-accountabilitymaybethemostimportantofall.W
3、ithoutit,therecanbenorespect,notrust,nolaw-and,ultimately,nosociety.Myjobasapoliceofficeristoimposeaccountabilityonpeoplewhorefuse,orhaveneverlearned,toimposeitonthemselves.Butaseverypolicemanknows,externalcontrolsonpeoplesbehaviorarefarlesseffectivethaninternalrestraintssuchasguilt,shameandembarras
4、sment.Yetmoreandmore,especiallyinourlargercitiesandsuburbs,theseinnerrestraintsareloosening.Yourtypicalrobberhasnone.Heconsidersyourpropertyhisproperty;hetakeswhathewants,includingyourlifeifyouenragehim.习题Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat.itsunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevilitscertaintha
5、tevilwillprevailifgoodmendonothingaboutititsonlynaturalforvirtuetodefeatevilitsdesirableforgoodmentokeepawayfromevilAccordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrime,.societyistobeheldresponsiblemoderncivilizationisresponsibleforitthecriminalhimselfshouldbeartheblamethestandardsoflivingshouldbeimp
6、rovedComparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave.lessself-disciplinebettersenseofdisciplinemoremutualrespectlesseffectivegovernmentThewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat.peopleinlargecitiestendtoexcusecriminalspeopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineandstandardstodayssocietylackssympathyforp
7、eopleindifficultypeopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalactivitiesThekeypointofthepassageisthat.stricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandfamiliesmoregoodexamplesshouldbesetforpeopletofollowmorerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeoplesbehaviormorepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofaccountab
8、ility全文翻译一位智者曾说过,邪恶的胜利就是善良之人无所作为。所以,所为一名警察,我有一些话急需告诉善良的人们。日复一日,我和我的同事尽力控制犯罪的蔓延。我们曾经引以为荣的美国生活方式出现了可怕的问题。这个问题处在我们的价值观方面。一个关键的成分正在消失,我想,我知道它是什么责任感。责任感不难定义。它指的是人人要对其行为负责,并承担其行为造成的后果。责任感可能是形成文明的众多观价值观(善良,仁慈等)中最重要的一个。没有它,就没有尊重、信任、法律最终也就没有社会的存在。作为一名警察,我的工作就是把责任感强行加到那些拒绝承担、或自己没有学会承担责任的人身上。但正如每一位警察都知道的,对人行为的
9、外部控制远不如自我约束(如罪恶感,羞耻心和难为情)有效。幸运的是,在一些区域通常是小城镇里,学校还维护纪律,父母还坚持原则,称“有些事情在我们家是不能容忍的你们绝不能去那样做!”但在越来越多的地方,尤其是大城市和郊区,这些自我约束力日渐松懈。抢劫犯不再是你认为的抢劫犯。他认为你的财产就是他的财产;他拿走他想要的一切,当你触怒他时,他甚至会拿走你的生命。人们态度的根本变化造成了局面的.完全崩溃。30年前,若有罪行发生,人们认为受害者是社会。现在,人们的态度发生了惊人的变化:最犯被认为是受害者童年饱受贫困折磨,学校没有教他读书,教堂没有给他以道德上的引导,父母没有给他提供一个安定的家。我不相信这些
10、。同样不利的环境中长大的另外一些人为什么没有选择去犯罪?不让罪犯承担责任,甚至降低他们应承的责任,都会让我们的社会变成一个满是借口的社会,没有人愿意为任何事情承担责任。美国急待更多的人相信:应该为犯罪行为负责的人是罪犯自己重点句Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asapoliceofficer,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.该句意义:该句首先引用名言,借用权威之口,引出了话题,并且结合作者的身份引出了下文内容
11、。我们也可以根据此句,结合考研写作的题目改写为:Awisemanoncesaidthattheonlythingnecessaryforthetriumphofevilisforgoodmentodonothing.So,asastudent,Ihavesomeurgentthingstosaytogoodpeople.习题答案答案:BCAAD1.Whatthewisemansaidsuggeststhat.智者的话表明。Aitsunnecessaryforgoodpeopletodoanythinginfaceofevil面对邪恶,好人什么都不必做itscertainthatevilwill
12、prevailifgoodmendonothingaboutit若好人无动于衷,邪恶就会猖獗itsonlynaturalforvirtuetodefeatevil善自然会战胜恶itsdesirableforgoodmentokeepawayfromevilD好人应该远离邪恶Accordingtotheauthor,ifapersonisfoundguiltyofacrime,.作者认为,若有人被发现有罪,则.Asocietyistobeheldresponsible社会应该对此负责moderncivilizationisresponsibleforit现代文明应该对此负责thecriminal
13、himselfshouldbeartheblame罪犯本人应该为此负责thestandardsoflivingshouldbeimprovedD生活水平应该提高Comparedwiththoseinsmalltowns,peopleinlargecitieshave.和小城镇相比,大城市的人。Alessself-discipline缺少自我约束bettersenseofdiscipline有更好的自律精神moremutualrespect更互相尊重lesseffectivegovernmentD缺少一个有效的ZFThewriterissorrytohavenoticedthat.4.作者感到遗
14、憾是因为看到。peopleinlargecitiestendtoexcusecriminalsA大城市的人常常为罪犯找借口peopleinsmalltownsstillsticktoolddisciplineandstandardsB小城镇的人坚守老的纪律和标准todayssocietylackssympathyforpeopleindifficultyC现代社会缺少对于困境中的人的同情peopleindisadvantagedcircumstancesareengagedincriminalactivitiesD环境不好的人会进行犯罪活动Thekeypointofthepassageisthat.5.文章主要说明。Astricterdisciplineshouldbemaintainedinschoolsandfamilies学校和家庭中应该保持更严格的纪律moregoodexamplesshouldbesetforpeopletofollow应该为人们树立更多学习榜样morerestrictionsshouldbeimposedonpeoplesbehavior对人们的行为应该加以更多控制morepeopleshouldacceptthevalueofaccountability