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1、六级听力技巧六级听力技巧第一讲第一讲 对话的常考题型对话的常考题型n n1 1）地点方位题：问对话发生的地点和场景）地点方位题：问对话发生的地点和场景n n2 2）身份职业题：问说话者的身份、职业）身份职业题：问说话者的身份、职业 以及以及 两者两者的关系等的关系等n n3 3）时间、数字计算题：对对话中出现的一些时间）时间、数字计算题：对对话中出现的一些时间和数字进行提问，通常要经过一些简单和数字进行提问，通常要经过一些简单 的运算。的运算。n n4 4）虚拟语气题：对话对方有一方所言中含有虚拟）虚拟语气题：对话对方有一方所言中含有虚拟语气，而问题多询问实际情况如如何。语气，而问题多询问实际
2、情况如如何。n n5 5）否定关系题：对对话一方提的建议或观点持否）否定关系题：对对话一方提的建议或观点持否定态度定态度n n6 6）建议及请求题：一方提供帮助或提出某种请求，）建议及请求题：一方提供帮助或提出某种请求，而另一方做出肯定或否定的反应。而另一方做出肯定或否定的反应。n n7 7）词汇与习语题：主要考考生对某个单词的理解）词汇与习语题：主要考考生对某个单词的理解n n8 8）逻辑推理题：对对话中出现的一些细节进行提）逻辑推理题：对对话中出现的一些细节进行提问，或者要求考生通过所听到的细节进行推理。问，或者要求考生通过所听到的细节进行推理。n n9 9）转折题：对话中含有）转折题：对
3、话中含有“but”however”but”however”等转折等转折的词。的词。n n1010）重复反问题：对一方的话先以反问的口气重复，）重复反问题：对一方的话先以反问的口气重复，然后再说第二句。然后再说第二句。n n1111）主旨要义题：问对话讨论的是什么）主旨要义题：问对话讨论的是什么1.地点方位题地点方位题n n这类题型中，对话双方或一方直接或间接地提到某个地点或方向，要求考生根据对话内容，对对话双方的相互关系进行推理，以便辨别出对话的场所或对话中所提及的场所。又是通过一两个关键词就可以判断出对话的场所和方向了。n nn nM:Ive just got back from the h
4、oliday you M:Ive just got back from the holiday you arranged for me.But I must tell you the hotel was arranged for me.But I must tell you the hotel was really awful.It was miles from the sea.The food really awful.It was miles from the sea.The food was awful,too.The bedroom was dirty.was awful,too.Th
5、e bedroom was dirty.n nW:Sorry about thatW:Sorry about that，But its not really our But its not really our fault.The contract does say that the hotel fault.The contract does say that the hotel n naccommodation is not our responsibility.accommodation is not our responsibility.n n Q:Where is the conver
6、sation probably taking Q:Where is the conversation probably taking place?place?n na.At the airport b.In a travel agency c.In a a.At the airport b.In a travel agency c.In a hotel d.At the reception deskhotel d.At the reception deskn n男方抱怨对方安排的男方抱怨对方安排的男方抱怨对方安排的男方抱怨对方安排的holidayholiday不好，女方提到不好，女方提到不好，
7、女方提到不好，女方提到合同上的规定两个内容都可帮助考生推断出答案合同上的规定两个内容都可帮助考生推断出答案合同上的规定两个内容都可帮助考生推断出答案合同上的规定两个内容都可帮助考生推断出答案应为应为应为应为b b。n nM:Ineedtocashthischeck?n nW:Willyousteprightovertothetellerswindow,please?n nQ:Whereistheconversationmostprobablytakingplace?关于地点的提问形式通常为：n nWheredoes/didtheconversationprobablytakeplace?n n
8、Wheredoesthisconversationmostlikelyoccur?n nWherearethemanandwomantalking?n nWherearethespeakersnow?n nWherewilltheman/thewomango?n nWhereistheman/thewoman?表示地点场景特点的用语：n nSchool:assignment,lecture,paper,exam,campus,dorm,grades,(professor和student)n nBank:account,cash,check,deposit,savings(Bankclerk和c
9、ustomer)n nHospital/Clinic:prescription,symptom,temperature,cold,fever,stomachache,pain,trouble(Doctor和patient)n nRestaurant:menu,soup,drink,beverage,dish,beef,chicken,order,fill(customer和waiter)n nAirport/Station:train,coach,car,timetable,takeoff,passenger(Airportstaff和traveler)n nPostoffice:parcel
10、,package,stamp,letter,airmail,regularmail,postage,rate(Postman和customer)2.身份职业题身份职业题n n此类问题要求应试者确认谈话者的身份、职业或确认谈话者之间的相互关系，常见的就身份、职业及人物关系而提的问题有：n nWhatisthepersonsprobablevacation/job?n nWhoarethespeakers?n nWhatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?n nWhoisthewoman/manspeakingto?n nW：CanIhelpyou,sir
11、?n nM：Yes.Doyouhavethiscoatinalargesize?n nQ：Whatisthewoman?n nA.shopassistantB.NurseC.WaitressD.Teachern nM:Goodevening,Madam.ThereisatableforM:Goodevening,Madam.Thereisatablefortwooverthere.Thisway,please.twooverthere.Thisway,please.n nW:Thankyou.CouldIseethemenu,please?W:Thankyou.CouldIseethemenu
12、,please?n nQ:WhatstherelationshipbetweenthemanandQ:Whatstherelationshipbetweenthemanandwoman?woman?n nA)Husbandandwife.A)Husbandandwife.B)WaiterandB)Waiterandcustomer.customer.n nC)Salesmanandcustomer.C)Salesmanandcustomer.D)HostandD)Hostandguest.guest.表示职业关系的用语：表示职业关系的用语：n n1)Restaurant：dish,order,
13、menu,bill,softdrink,soup,table,waiter,waitressn nMayIhavethebill?n nWhatwouldyouliketoorder?n nAtablefortwo?n nProfession：Waiter,Waitressn nRelationship：Waiter/Waitress&Customer2)Hospital2)Hospital：prescribe,medicine,haveafever,prescribe,medicine,haveafever,temperature/sorethroat/cough/cold/headache
14、temperature/sorethroat/cough/cold/headache/stomachache,takemedicine/pills/tablet,/stomachache,takemedicine/pills/tablet,n nWhatsthematter?/Whatswrongwithyou?Whatsthematter?/Whatswrongwithyou?n nLetmegiveyouanexaminationfirst.Letmegiveyouanexaminationfirst.n nn nProfessionProfession：doctor,nursedocto
15、r,nursen nRelationshipRelationship：Doctor/Nurse&PatientDoctor/Nurse&Patientn n3)Store3)Store：size,color,style,price,cost,cheap,expensive,size,color,style,price,cost,cheap,expensive,changechangen nWhatcanIdoforyou?WhatcanIdoforyou?n nHowmuchdoesitcost?Howmuchdoesitcost?n nExcuseme,Iwanttochangethison
16、eforablueone.Excuseme,Iwanttochangethisoneforablueone.n nCanyoushowmeanotherone?Canyoushowmeanotherone?n nn nProfessionProfession：clerk,shopassistantclerk,shopassistantn nRelationshipRelationship：Clerk/Shopassistant&CustomerClerk/Shopassistant&Customern n4)RailwayStation：platform,train,singleticket,
17、returnticketn nAirport：flight,takeoff,gate,due,ticketn nPlane：tofastenseatbelt,landing,flightn nProfession：Hostessn nRelationship：Hostess&Passengern n5)Library：borrow,lend,renew,returnbook,due,fiction,non-fiction,bookshelfn nHowlongcanIkeepit?n nYoucankeepthebookfortwoweeks.n nDoyouhavethebook?n nCa
18、nyoutellmewhereIcanfind?n nProfession：librarian,assistantn nRelationship：Librarian/Assistant&Studentsn n6)Telephone6)Telephone：Holdon,please!Holdon,please!n nCanyouputmethroughtothereceptionroom?Canyouputmethroughtothereceptionroom?n nSorry,thelineisbusy.Sorry,thelineisbusy.n nThisisspeaking.Thisiss
19、peaking.n nWhoisthat?Whoisthat?n nProfessionProfession：operatoroperatorn nRelationshipRelationship：Operator&CallerOperator&Callern n7)Hotel：makeareservation,bookasingle/doubleroomwithshower/bath,reception,occupy,tip,portern nn nTheroomsarealloccupied.n nn nProfession：receptionist,portern nRelationsh
20、ip：Receptionist&Customer,Porter&Customer3、时间、数字计算题、时间、数字计算题听力试题中所涉及的数字包括：年代、时间、距离、速度、价格、数量等。另外，对时间进行提问时，也可能不用数字而用表示时间的短语来表示，考生应注意以下几点：A、根据表示时间的关联词来判 断发生的时间,如：before,after,when,while,then,until,later,right away,immediately,as soon as possible等。B、掌握年、月、日、星期等表达方法。注意一些表示时间的词，如：quarter,a couple of days,t
21、wilight,eve,fortnight(2 weeks),dawn,dusk(time just before it gets quite dark)C、文中有时用从句或短语表示时间，而不出现具体时间概念。如：Arent you glad the semesters over?可推测：at the end of the semester时间、数字计算题注意事项：时间、数字计算题注意事项：听的时候注意近音的干扰：-teen/-ty时间推算，学习表示时间提前或推后的表达法：5 minutes ahead of time;5 minutes early;early by 5 minutes.5
22、minutes later为了快而准确地对数字有所反应，要熟悉一些单词和表达式1.时间2.数字3.货币4.有关计算的方法n nMan(M):Whattimedidyesterdaysfootballmatchstart?n nWoman(W):Itwassupposedtostartataquarterto7,butitwasdelayedanhour.n nQuestion(Q):Whendidthegamefinallystart?n nW:Ithoughttogototownnow.Ihavesomeshoppingtodo.n nM:Dontspendtoomuch,Iwontgetp
23、aiduntilnextweek.n nQ:Whenwillhebepaid?n nW:Doyouliveinacollegedormitory?n nM:Yes,Ido.Itsasix-mansuite,butatthemomentonlyfourofuslivethere.n nQ:Howmanypeoplesharethesuitenow?4.虚拟语气题虚拟语气题n n对话双方中有一方所言中含有虚拟语气条件句。这类题型对话双方中有一方所言中含有虚拟语气条件句。这类题型对话中多采用虚拟语气形式，而问题则多询问实际情况如对话中多采用虚拟语气形式，而问题则多询问实际情况如何。做这类试题时，尤其
24、要注意时态的运用：何。做这类试题时，尤其要注意时态的运用：时间时间条件从句条件从句主句主句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反were/V-ed,would+dowere/V-ed,would+do与过去事实相反与过去事实相反haddone,would+havedonehaddone,would+havedone与将来事实相反与将来事实相反should/wereto+dowould+doshould/wereto+dowould+do常见提问形式：常见提问形式：n nWhatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?n nWhatcanbeconcludedfromthisconve
25、rsation?n nWhatdoesthemanmean(imply)?n nWhatdoesthewomansanswersuggest?n nWhathappenedtothetwospeakers?n nW:Howdoyouliketheplayyousawlastnight?n nM:Well,Ishouldhavestayedathome.n nQ:Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheplay?n nA)Itisexciting.B)Itisboring.n nC)Hedidntseetheplay.D)Helikeitverymuch.n nM:Ann,doyouha
26、veanyextramoneyyoucouldloanme?n nW:IwishIcouldhelpyou.Iwentshoppingyesterday.NowIhaveonlytwodollarstilltheendoftheweek.n nQ:Willthemanborrowanymoneyfromthewoman?5.否定关系题否定关系题n n否定关系题可分为两类：表面否定和隐含否定。表面否定题主要考察英语中否定的表达，因此掌握一些表示否定意义的单词、短语，是做好这类听力题的关键。隐含否定题最大的特点是含义是否定的，但不说任何否定词，即表面是肯定的，含义是否定的。对话对方提出问题，另一方
27、没有直接回答这个问题，而是讲了一个事实，通过事实来表示否定。表示否定的常用词和短语：表示否定的常用词和短语：n nseldom,barely,rarely,scarcely,hardly,few,nobody,nothing,neither,nor,no,not,never,little,none,nowhere,deny,fail,without,dislike,ignore,refuse,reject,ataloss,outof,insteadof,shortof,farfrom,freefrom,ratherthan,allnot,bothnot,everynot,tooto,cantb
28、ut,anythingbut,notuntil.n n有些表达法看似表面否定，但其含义却为肯定，如：Icantagreewithyoumore.n nIcouldntfeelbetteraboutit.常见提问方式：常见提问方式：Whatisthemans/womansattitudetowardtheconversation?Howdoestheman/womanfeel?Themans/womansfeelingtowardthesubjectcanbebestdescribedas?Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?n nW:Didyoufindthebo
29、okforyourreadingassignmentinthelibrary?n nM:ItclosedbeforeIgotthere.Ihadnoideaitclosessoearlyonweekends.n nQ:whatdoesthemanmean?6.建议请求题建议请求题n n这类题常常是一方提供帮助或提出某种请求，而另一方做出肯定或否定的反应。因为选项主要涉及动作，所以考生在浏览选项时，应将不同的动词划线，加深印象。表达建议或请求的方式：表达建议或请求的方式：n nWouldyoumind.?n nWhydontyou?/Whynot?/howabout?n nWouldntbewi
30、ser?n nYoumightaswelln nIfIwereyou,Idn nPerhapsweshould.n nCouldyoudomeafavor?提问方式：提问方式：n nWhatsthewomansreplytotheman?n nWhatdoestheman/womansuggest?n nWhatdoestheman/womanmean?n nW:Imthinkingoftakingfivecoursesnextterm.n nM:wouldntfourbewiser?n nQ:whatdoesthemanmean?熟悉表示观点态度的常见词语：熟悉表示观点态度的常见词语：表示赞
31、成：表示赞成：approve,agree,share,prefer,wise,reasonable,favorableapprove,agree,share,prefer,wise,reasonable,favorable表示反对：表示反对：disapprove,disagree,unwise,ridiculous,foolish,childishdisapprove,disagree,unwise,ridiculous,foolish,childish表示赞赏：表示赞赏：admireadmire，appreciateappreciate，thinkmuchof,thinkhighlyofth
32、inkmuchof,thinkhighlyof表示喜欢：表示喜欢：enjoy,wonderfulenjoy,wonderful，fascinating,funny,befondof,bekeenonfascinating,funny,befondof,bekeenon表示厌烦：表示厌烦：dislike,bored/boring,betiredofdislike,bored/boring,betiredof表示关心：表示关心：concerned,careful,careaboutconcerned,careful,careabout表示怨恨或生气：表示怨恨或生气：hate,hatred,angr
33、y,anger,initiatedhate,hatred,angry,anger,initiated表示害怕或担心：表示害怕或担心：fearful,frightened,worried,nervousfearful,frightened,worried,nervous表示批评或讽刺：表示批评或讽刺：critical,criticize,ironiccritical,criticize,ironic，findfaultwithfindfaultwith表示失望或灰心：表示失望或灰心：disappointed,discourageddisappointed,discouraged表示后悔或遗憾：表
34、示后悔或遗憾：regret,regretful,pity,shameregret,regretful,pity,shame表示漠然或热情：表示漠然或热情：indifferent,detached,careless,enthusiasticindifferent,detached,careless,enthusiastic表示积极或消极：表示积极或消极：active,positive,negativeactive,positive,negative表示自信或自负：表示自信或自负：confident,arrogant,proudconfident,arrogant,proud表示乐观或悲观：表示乐
35、观或悲观：optimistic,pessimisticoptimistic,pessimistic7.词汇与习语题词汇与习语题n n这类题主要测试考生对某个词或短语的理解。因此，只要平时熟记常考的单词，词组和习语，做起来这类题就会得心应手。通常情况下，这类题的正确选型总是以另一种表达方式来解释或代替对话中的内容，所以，考生还需要了解同一概念的不同表达方式。提问方式：提问方式：n nWhatdowelearnfromthisconversation?Whatdoesthemanmean?Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?Whatdoweknowabout?
36、n nM:IwishIhadntthrownawaythatreadinglist!W:Ithoughtyoumightregretit.ThatswhyIpickeditupfromthewastepaperbasketandleftitonthedesk.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?听力常考词组听力常考词组n nAcaseinpointAcaseinpoint恰当的例子恰当的例子n nanarrowescapeanarrowescape死里逃生死里逃生n nApieceofcakeApieceofcake小事一桩小事一桩n nastonesthro
37、wastonesthrow很近很近n nAccountforAccountfor解释解释n n againstoneswillagainstoneswill违背某人意愿违背某人意愿n nAheadofscheduleAheadofschedule提前提前n nalltheyearroundalltheyearround一年到头一年到头n nAnotherpairofshoesAnotherpairofshoes另当别论另当别论n nanythingbutanythingbut决不决不n nAppleofoneseyeAppleofoneseye掌上明珠掌上明珠n nbad/rottenappl
38、ebad/rottenapple坏家伙坏家伙(类似于汉语中的类似于汉语中的“老鼠屎老鼠屎”)n nasluckwouldhaveitasluckwouldhaveit碰巧碰巧n n atsixesandsevensatsixesandsevens乱七八糟乱七八糟n nback/currentissueback/currentissue过过/现刊现刊n n beavailablebeavailable可提供，方便的可提供，方便的n nbeboundtobeboundto肯定会肯定会n n befarfrombefarfrom远不是，根本不是远不是，根本不是n nbefedupwithbefedu
39、pwith对对.厌倦，厌烦厌倦，厌烦n nbefreeofbefreeof免除，脱离免除，脱离n nbenoexceptionbenoexception不例外不例外n n beataboutthebushbeataboutthebush说话绕圈子说话绕圈子n nbehindschedulebehindschedule晚点晚点n nbesidethepointbesidethepoint离题离题n nbiteoffmorethanonecanchewbiteoffmorethanonecanchew好高骛远，承担太多的工作好高骛远，承担太多的工作而无法完成而无法完成n nbornwithasil
40、verspooninonesmouthbornwithasilverspooninonesmouth出身富贵出身富贵n nbreakdown(breakdown(车等车等)出故障出故障n nbyandlargebyandlarge总的说来，大体上总的说来，大体上n ncallitadaycallitaday结束，到此为止结束，到此为止n n calloffcalloff取消取消n ncandowithcandowith将就，能对付将就，能对付n n castleintheaircastleintheair不切实际的想法不切实际的想法n ncatchoncatchon变得流行，受欢迎变得流行，受
41、欢迎n ncheerupcheerup振作起来振作起来n nchilledtothebonechilledtothebone冻僵了冻僵了n ncomeacrosscomeacross偶然碰见偶然碰见n ncometruecometrue实现实现n ncomestraighttothepointcomestraighttothepoint开门见山开门见山n ncountoncounton依靠，指望依靠，指望n n dayinanddayoutdayinanddayout每天，始终每天，始终n ndosanddontsdosanddonts规则规则n ndowntoearthdowntoearth
42、实事求是实事求是n ndozeoffdozeoff打瞌睡打瞌睡n ndrawneardrawnear临近，接近临近，接近n n dressupdressup穿盛装穿盛装n ndropoutdropout辍学，放弃辍学，放弃n neasycome,easygoeasycome,easygo来的容易去得快来的容易去得快n nfallbehindfallbehind落后落后n nfamiliarwithfamiliarwith熟悉熟悉n nfewandfarbetweenfewandfarbetween很少很少n nfigureoutfigureout弄清楚，想出，算出弄清楚，想出，算出n nfil
43、ltheprescriptionfilltheprescription按药房配药按药房配药n nfindfaultwithfindfaultwith挑剔，抱怨挑剔，抱怨n nforthetimebeingforthetimebeing暂时暂时n nforgoodforgood永远永远n nforachangeforachange换换花样换换花样n nfrombadtoworsefrombadtoworse每况愈下每况愈下n ngainweightgainweight增加体重增加体重n ngetoutofbedonthewrongsidegetoutofbedonthewrongside起床心情
44、不好起床心情不好n ngetsomewheregetsomewhere取得进展取得进展n n givesb.alift/ridegivesb.alift/ride让某人搭顺风车让某人搭顺风车n ngivesbacoldshouldergivesbacoldshoulder待人冷淡待人冷淡n n goDutchAAgoDutchAA制制n ngoodfornothinggoodfornothing没用的人或物没用的人或物n n goonadietgoonadiet节食节食n ngosightseeinggosightseeing观光观光n n gowithgowith与与.相配相配n nhave
45、awordwithhaveawordwith和和.谈话谈话n n haveaccesstohaveaccessto可以使用可以使用n nhaveoneshandsfullhaveoneshandsfull十分繁忙十分繁忙n n haveanappointmentwithhaveanappointmentwith与某人约会与某人约会n nhavenothingtodowithhavenothingtodowith与与.没关系没关系n n havebutterfliesinonesstomachhavebutterfliesinonesstomach紧张紧张n nhavenoideahavenoi
46、dea不知道不知道n n havethefinalsayhavethefinalsay有决定权有决定权n nhavesth.incommonhavesth.incommon有共同之处有共同之处n n headforheadfor前往前往n nhearoneselfthinkhearoneselfthink专心思考专心思考n n heartandsoulheartandsoul完全，彻底完全，彻底n nheavytrafficheavytraffic交通拥挤交通拥挤n nhightimehightime该做什么的时候了该做什么的时候了n nhittheceilinghittheceiling勃然
47、大怒勃然大怒n n holdthelineholdtheline别挂电话别挂电话n nholdupholdup耽搁耽搁n n inamessinamess混乱，乱七八糟混乱，乱七八糟n ninasenseinasense从某种意义上来讲从某种意义上来讲n ninadditiontoinadditionto除了除了n ninadvanceinadvance提前提前n n incaseincase以防以防,以免以免n nindebtindebt负债负债n n inagood/badmoodinagood/badmood心情好心情好/坏坏n ninhonorofinhonorof为庆祝为庆祝/纪念纪
48、念.n ninlowspiritsinlowspirits情绪低落情绪低落n ninparticularinparticular尤其，特别尤其，特别n n inpersoninperson亲自亲自n ninseasoninseason（蔬菜（蔬菜/水果）当季水果）当季n n inthedarkinthedark不知情，蒙在鼓里不知情，蒙在鼓里n ninthelongruninthelongrun从长远来看从长远来看n n intheoryintheory从理论上来讲从理论上来讲n ninturninturn依次，轮流依次，轮流n n invaininvain徒劳，白费徒劳，白费n ninter
49、ferewithinterferewith干涉，影响干涉，影响n n Itdepends.Itdepends.看情况看情况n nItssb.streat.Itssb.streat.由某人请客由某人请客n nkeepaneyeonkeepaneyeon观察，注意观察，注意n nKnow/learntheropesKnow/learntheropes掌握做某事的技能掌握做某事的技能/窍门窍门 n n keepbodyandsoultogetherkeepbodyandsoultogether仅能维持生活仅能维持生活n nKeepsb.informedKeepsb.informed及时通知某人及时通
50、知某人n nlayofflayoff解雇解雇n nLetaloneLetalone更不用说更不用说n nlivefromhandtomouthlivefromhandtomouth勉强糊口勉强糊口n nLookonthebrightsideLookonthebrightside看到事务光明的一面看到事务光明的一面lookforaneedleinahaystacklookforaneedleinahaystack大海捞针大海捞针n nLoseheartLoseheart失去信心失去信心n nloseonesheartloseonesheart爱上某人爱上某人n nLoseonestemperLo