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1、阅读理解精练14阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。（一）The science of physics today is as current as the morning newspaper. Indeed， as a result of new advances in physics and their rapid application to inventions designed to satisfy mans wants. The world itself has been changing rapidly. Space technology， in
2、dustrial technology， and the technology of the home， the farm， the office， the bank， and the department store have all been revolutionized.Clearly， every grown-up today would understand the world he lives in much better if he knew something about physics. Whether it be Congress美国国会 voting huge sums
3、of money for new warships， space exploration， or atomic energy； the office staff learning to use a new computer； Son Bobby wanting to know about going to the moon； or the housewife learning to operate a new electric stove， physics seems to be everywhere.Teachers in thousands of schoolrooms in Americ
4、a are trying to communicate some of the excitement and importance of these new developments to their students. They know that some of their eager students will someday be scientists and will themselves then contribute贡献 to the development of new knowledge or its application to new things.But in any
5、case， they can be sure that if they bring a knowledge of science （any science） to their students in meaningful and stimulating ways， they have contributed much to helping each one live a more meaningful life.1. The application of new advances in physics to inventions _.A. may solve all the problems
6、in teachingB. can help people understand the meaning of lifeC. is intended to meet peoples needsD. makes people understand the voting rules of the Congress2. according to the passage， many American teachers are making efforts to do all of the following EXCEPT _.A. stimulating their students curiosit
7、y in physicsB. making their students understands the importance of physicsC. giving their students the information of new advances in scienceD. creating excitement about physical education among their students3. The word “themselves” in the third paragraph refers to _.A. some of the eager studentsB.
8、 the students in the classroomC. the teachers giving lessonsD. all the scientists in physics4. The first two paragraphs of the passage mainly tell us about _.A. new advances in physicsB. the use of physics in our lifeC. the science of physicsD. modern developments in science（二）We may be very pleased
9、 with the rapid progress we have made in every field of study. But the way to test a students knowledge and ability still remains as poor as it was， we have almost done nothing to improve our examination system.It is well known that the examination system we are now using may be a good way of testin
10、g a students memory， but it can tell you nothing about a students ability. It does no good to students and teachers.As soon as a child begins school， he enters a world of examination that will decide his future of job.In fact a good examination system should train a student to think for himself. But
11、 it now does nothing about that. So students are encouraged to remember what is taught. It does not enable them to gain more and more knowledge. The students who come out first in the examination often may not be the best in their studies.Besides， the examinations often force teachers to train stude
12、nts what to do with the coming examination from time to time. There must be some simpler and better ways to test a students ability besides knowledge. And that is what we should do at once.1. Now little has been done to_.A. decide a students job B. test a students abilityC. test a students knowledge
13、 D. test a students memory2. The examination system we are now using can only make the students _.A. gain more and more knowledge B. make rapid progressC. remember what is taught D. think for themselves3. In order to make students gain high marks in the coming examination， teachers have to _.A. deve
14、lop their students abilityB. fill their students heads with much informationC. teach freelyD. teach their students how to study4. The passage tells us about the importance of _.A. getting examination system improvedB. taking examinationsC. testing a students knowledgeD. working hard at all lessons（三
15、）Holidaymakers who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel rooms head for a big igloo. Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel， the worlds first igloo hotel. Built in a small town in Lapland， it has been attracting lots of visitors， but soon the fun will be over
16、.In two weeks？time Bergqvists ice creation作品 will be nothing more than a pool of water. “We dont see it as a big problem，” he says. “We just look forward to replacing it.”Bergqvist built his first igloo in 1991 for an art exhibition. It was so successful that he designed the present one， which measu
17、res roughly 200 square meters. Six workmen spent more than eight weeks piling 1，000 tons of snow onto a wooden base； when the snow froze， the base was removed. “The only wooden thing we have left in the igloo is the front door，” he says.After their stay， all visitors receive a survival certificate r
18、ecording their success. With no windows， nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0， it may seem more like a survival test than a relaxing轻松的 hotel break. “Its great fun，” Bergqvist explains， “As well as a good start in survival training.”The popularity of the igloo is beyond doubt： it is now
19、attracting tourists from all over the world. At least 800 people have stayed at the igloo this season even though there are only 10 rooms. “You can get a lot of people in，” explains Bergqvist. “The beds are three meters wide by two meters long， and can fit at least four at one time.”1. Bergqvist des
20、igned and built the worlds first igloo hotel because _.A. he believed people would enjoy trying something newB. he wanted to make a name for the small townC. an art exhibition was about to openD. more hotel rooms were needed2. When the writer says “the fun will be over，” he refers to the fact that _
21、.A. hotel guests will be frightened at thought of the hard testB. Bergqvists hotel will soon become a pool of waterC. holidaymakers will soon get tired of the big iglooD. a bigger igloo will replace the present one3. according to the text， the first thing to do in building an igloo is _.A. to gather
22、 a pool of water B. to prepare a wooden baseC. to cover the ground with ice D. to pile a large amount of snow4. When guests leave the igloo hotel they will receive a paper stating that _.A. they have visited LaplandB. They have had an ice-snow holidayC. they have had great fun sleeping on iceD. they
23、 have had a taste of adventure（四）Im seventeen. I had worked as a box boy at a supermarket in Los Angeles. People came to the counter and you put things in their bags for them. And carried things to their cars. It was hard work.While working， you wear a plate with your name on it. I once met someone
24、I knew years ago. I remembered his name and said， “Mr. Castle， how are you？” We talked about this and that. As he left， he said， “It was nice talking to you， Brett.” I felt great， he remembered me. Then I looked down at my name plate. Oh no. He didnt remember me at all， he just read the name plate.
25、I wish I had put “Irving” down on my name plate. If he have said， “Oh yes， Irving， how could I forget you？” I have been ready for him. Theres nothing personal here.The manager and everyone else who were a step above the box boys often shouted orders. One of these was： You couldnt accept tips小費. Okay
26、， Im outside and I put the bags in the car. For a lot of people， the natural reaction反应 is to take a quarter and give it to me. I say， “Im sorry， I cant.” They get angry. When you give someone a tip， youre sort of being polite. You take a quarter and you put it in their hands and you expect them to
27、say， “Oh， thanks a lot.” When you say， “Im sorry， I cant，” they feel a little put down. They say， “No one will know.” And they put it in your pocket. You say， “I really cant.” It gets to a point where you almost have to hurt a person physically身体上 to prevent him from tipping you. It was not in agree
28、ment with the stores belief in being friendly. Accepting tips was a friendly thing and made the customer feel good. I just couldnt understand the strangeness of some peoples ideas. One lady actually put it in my pocket， got in the car， and drove away. I would have had to throw the quarter at her or
29、eaten it or something.I had decided that one year was enough. Some people needed the job to stay alive and fed. I guess I had the means and could afford to hate it and give it up.1. What can be the best title for this text？A. How Hard Life is for Box BoysB. Getting along with CustomersC. Why I Gave
30、up My JobD. The Art of Taking Tips2. From the second paragraph， we can infer that _.A. the writer didnt like the impersonal part of his jobB. with a name plate， people can easily start talkingC. Mr. Castle mistook Irving for BrettD. Irving was the writers real name3. The box boy refused to accept ti
31、ps because _.A. customers only gave small tipsB. some customers had strange ideas about tippingC. the store forbade the box boys to take tipsD. he didnt want to fight with the customers4. The underlined phrase “put down” in the third paragraph probably means _.A. misunderstood B. defeatedC. hateful
32、D. hurt参考答案与解析（一）1. C。答案源于 Indeed， as a result of new advances in physics and their rapid application to inventions designed to satisfy mans wants.2. D。第三段第一句话说，美国的教师们对物理新发展的重要性和兴奋之事与学生进行交流。而D的意思是：在学生中创造物理教育激动人心的事。显然与原文不一样。3. A。根据 They know that some of their eager students will someday be scientist
33、s and will themselves then contribute （贡献） to可推知 themselves 指的就是some of their eager students。4. B。第一、二段主要讲了物理学在人们生活中的运用。（二）文章主要谈论的是为什么如今的考试系统需要提高。1. B。事实细节题。从But the way to test a students knowledge and abilities still remains as poor as it was可知检测学生能力的方式太少了，故答案选B。2. C。事实细节题。从So students are encoura
34、ged to remember what is taught可知答案C正确。3. B。推理判断题。从Besides， the examinations often force teachers to train students what to do with the coming examination from time to time可推知老师会给学生硬塞许多考试信息，即答案选B。4. A。主旨大意题。文章一开始提出现在的考试系统的弊端， 而后一步一步分析得出改善考试系统的重要性，即答案选A。（三）這是一篇介绍度假雪屋如何应运而生的文章。1. A。由文中第1句 Holidaymakers
35、 who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel rooms head for a big igloo. （那些对在沙滩上晒太阳或对过热的旅店房间感到厌倦的度假人现在去雪屋度假）可以推断人们总是喜欢新鲜事物，应选 A。2. B。这道题考查考生的思维能力和生活常识。既然是雪屋，总归是要融化的，所以第二段第一句话 In two weeks time Bergqvists ice creation will be nothing more than a pool of water 是对 soon the fun will be over
36、的诠释。3. B。文中第三段提及“6个工人花了8周时间将1000吨雪堆在木头基础上；当这些雪冻结之后，再将这里的基础移走”，可见应先准备木头搭建的基础。4. D。由文中第四段第一句话 After their stay， all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success.（所有的来访者在离开之前都可得到一张记载他们在此生存成功的证书）。（四）这是一篇议论作者作为一家超市工作的提袋员有关接收顾客小费的文章。1. C。通过全文可知，作者认为接受小费有助于互相理解，是一种礼貌行为；而经理不让收小费，使得作者很为难，得
37、罪许多人，文章最后提出放弃这份工作，故应选 C。2. A。文中第2段提及顾客之所以能叫出作者的名字，是因为他身上佩戴了写有自己名字的名牌。文中又有There is nothing personal here（在这里，没有任何个人的东西）。3. C。由文中第3段第2句 One of these was： you couldnt accept tips. 故应选 C。4. D。文中第3段提及：如果你说“我确实不能接受你的小费”，这样会导致 It gets to a point where you almost have to hurt a person physically to prevent him from tipping you，故应选 D。