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1、. 高二下英语阅读提升训练2A. In the United States, there have been no deaths from commercial airline accidents since 2013. In fact, for decades, there has been a general _1_ trend in the number of accidents per departure.Complex systems are more likely to suffer from failures, but commercial aviation (航空) seems
2、 to be a(n) _2_. Since the 1960s, U.S. commercial aviation has becomesignificantly more complex, and yet, flying has become safer. What lies behind this remarkable trend is a handful of smart approaches to _3_. Here are two of them.1. Teach people to speak upand to listenA common error during airpla
3、ne accidents used to be the _4_ of first officers to question the captains poor decisions. When the captain was flying the airplane, he was hard to challenge, and his mistakes went _5_.All this began to change in the late 1970s with a training program known as Crew Resource Management (CRM). The pro
4、gram revolutionized the _6_ not just of the cockpit (机舱) but also of the whole industry. It reframed safety as a _7_ issue and put all crew members on more equal footing. It was no longer _8_ to question the decisions of a superior; it was required. And CRM taught crew members thelanguage of disagre
5、ement.The lesson isnt simply that people lower down in the _9_ should speak up and higher-ups should listen. What CRM has shown is that people can be taught to speak up and to listen. The ability to express and embrace _10_ isnt hardwired in our personality or cultural background; its a skill we can
6、 learn.Learn from small failures and close callsIn 1976, the US Federal Aviation Administration created an industry-wide system to collect safety reports. The Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) collects thousands of reports each month. Beyond receiving immunity (豁免权) for a mistake, its a point
7、of _11_ for pilots to submit ASRS reports. They know the reports make air travel safer. The reports are stored in a searchable database that anyone can _12_, and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) highlights safety trends in its monthly newsletter,Callback. Here, too, there is a _1
8、3_ lesson. Small mistakes and near misses can be a rich source of data about what might _14_ in our system. Mistakes shouldnt be _15_. By openly sharing stories of failures and near failures, we can treat errors as an opportunity to learn.1AsimilarBsteadyClong-termDdownward2AexampleBexceptionCsymbol
9、Dalternative3AassessmentBmanagementCcompetitionDcontribution4AfailureBeffortCpressureDconvenience5ApredictableBimaginaryCuncheckedDunforgiven6AperformanceBstructureCcultureDstandard7AteamBstateCsideDpolicy8AimmoralBunrewardingCdisrespectfulDinconvenient9AageBpositionCsalaryDattractiveness10Aexciteme
10、ntBdiscomfortCrespectDdisagreement11AprideBsacrificeCentertainmentDliteracy12AcreateBaffordCanalyzeDaccess13AbroaderBclearerCmore bitterDmore costly14Abreak outBgo wrongCtake shapeDslow down15AobstaclesBfailuresCexperimentsDsecretsDBBAC CACBD ADABDBGetting a Job in the Video Game IndustryWhen the vi
11、deo game industry started, the majority of the developers were programmers because they knew how to work in the language of the machines at the time. 16_ Thus, game developers were no longer limited to excellent programmers. You can start climbing the ladder as a tester. 17_ For a while, this path w
12、orked for quite some time, although many quickly realized that it wasnt the job they imagined it would be. It is almost impossible to progress from tech support into the development without higher level education and training in big development companies. Getting a development position isnt just a m
13、atter of having some programming or art classes on your resume（简历）. 18_You may prepare yourselves for such questions as What games are out there that youve made? Have you worked in a cooperative programming environment before? Do you know how to write clean, concise, documented codeIn fact, programm
14、ing interviews frequently involve having to stand up in front of your potential coworkers at a whiteboard and solve logic or programming efficiency problems. Level designers and artists may have to talk about their work on a video project or in the same sort of environment. 19 youre not able to comm
15、unicate with your potential colleagues, you may lose the chance at a job that youd be perfect for. The recent rise of independently developed and published games has opened a new path for those looking to get into the game industry. 20_It requires a significant investment of time, energy, resources,
16、 and a drive to face a very competitive market. And most importantly, it requires that you know how to fill, and despite this to get up and move on to the next project until you make it. A. But this is not an easy route. B. Testing games for money has been a dream job for countless teens. C. Game de
17、velopment is not the thing you can just do in your bedroom. D. Later on, other staff like artists became part of the development process E. Many game companies now check for compatibility（相容性）with teammates. F. So you can start by trying everything and then focus on what you enjoy most. G. Long inte
18、rview processes stand between gifted developers and their dreams of making gamesDBGEACAttheageoftwelveyears,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithasyettoreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence;butatthisagethelikelihoodofdeathisleast.Earlier,wewereinfantsandyoungchildren,andconse
19、quentlymoreVulnerable（易受伤害的）;later,weshallundergoaprogressivelossofourvigorandresistancewhich,thoughunnoticeableatfirst,willfinallybecomesosteepthatwecanlivenolonger,however wellwelookafterourselves,andhoweverwellsociety,andourdoctors,lookafterus.Thisdeclineinvigorwiththepassingoftimeiscalledageing.
20、Itisoneofthemostunpleasantdiscoverieswhichweallmakethatwemustdeclineinthisway,thatifweescapewars,accidentsanddiseaseweshalleventuallydieofoldage,andthatthishappensataratewhichdifferslittlefrompersontoperson,sothatthereareheavyoddsinfavorofourdyingbetweentheagesofsixty-fiveandeighty.Someofuswilldieso
21、oner,afewwilllivelongeronintoaninthortenthdecade.Butthechancesareagainstit,andthereisavirtuallimitonhowlongwecanhopetoremainalive,howeverluckyandrobustweare.Normalpeopletendtoforgetthisprocessunlessanduntiltheyareremindedofit.Wearesofamiliarwiththefactthatmanages,thatpeoplehaveforyearsassumedthatthe
22、processoflosingvigorwithtime,ofbecomingmorelikelytodietheolderweget,wassomethingself-evident,likethecoolingofahotkettleorthewearing-outofapairofshoes.Theyhavealsoassumedthatallanimals,andprobablyotherorganismssuchastrees,oreventheuniverseitself,mustinthenatureofthingswearout.Mostanimalswecommonlyobs
23、ervedoinfactageaswedo,ifgiventhechancetolivelongenough;andmechanicalsystemslikeawoundwatch,orthesun,doinfactanoutofenergyinaccordancewiththesecondlawofthermodynamics(whetherthewholeuniversedoessoisamootpointatpresent).Butthesearenotanalogous（类似的）towhathappenswhenmanages.Arun-downwatchisstillawatchan
24、dcanberewound.Anoldwatch,bycontrast,becomessowornandunreliablethatiteventuallyisnotworthmending.Butawatchcouldneverrepairitselfitdoesnotconsistoflivingparts,onlyofmetal,whichwearsawaybyfriction.Wecould, atonetime,repairourselveswellenough,atleast,toovercomeallbutthemostinstantlyfatalillnessesandacci
25、dents.Betweentwelveandeightyyearswegraduallylosethispower;anillnesswhichattwelvewouldknockusover,ateightycanknockusout,andintoourgrave.Ifwecouldstayasvigorousasweareattwelve,itwouldtakeabout700yearsforhalfofustodie,andanother700forthesurvivorstobereducedbyhalfagain.21. Whichofthefollowingstatementsi
26、sINCORRECT?A.Ourfirsttwelveyearsrepresentthepeakofhumandevelopment.B.Peopleusuallyareunhappywhenremindedofageing.C.Normallyonlyafewofuscanlivetotheeightiesandnineties.D.Peopleareusuallylesslikelytodieattwelveyearsold.22. TheworditinthelastsentenceofParagraphTworeferstoA.remainingaliveuntil65. B.rema
27、iningaliveafter80.C.dyingbefore65orafter80. D.dyingbetween65and80.23. Whatisageing?A.Itisusuallyaphenomenonofdyingatanoldage.B.Itisafactthatpeoplecannotliveanylonger.C.Itisagraduallossofvigorandresistance.D.Itisaphasewhenpeopleareeasilyattackedbyillness.24. Whatdotheexamplesofwatchshow?A.Normallypeo
28、plearequitefamiliarwiththeageingprocess.B.Allanimalsandotherorganismsundergotheageingprocess.C.Thelawofthermodynamicsfunctionsintheageingprocess.D.Humansageingprocessisdifferentfromthatofmechanisms.ABCD DLungs nearly burst. I struggled to lift my head out of the water. Inch by inch, my tired body re
29、ached the end of the pool.The extent of my swimming career was purely recreational, while the competitive swimmers nearby thought nothing of the seemingly simple task of a 500-meter swim test. Pushing myself to finish what I had started, I could only think: why not take the easy way out?Earlier that
30、 week, I had turned in my first job application at a local pool. Overqualified, I was hired on the spot. However, the tasks were boring: helping confused visitors and measuring the height of children before they went down the slide (滑梯).I was capable of more.So a swim test was required, establishing
31、 the mere fact that I was not completely helpless in a pool. Midway through, the manager administering the test remarked, This looks really easy for you. Why arent you applying to become a guard?”“The thought didnt cross my mind.”Well, lifeguarding demands more responsibility, strength and respect.
32、Thus the position pays $ 2 more per hour. Your swimming skills are strong enough. All you need to do is complete a certification class.Inside I was unsure of myself, but his words inspired me You never know what you are capable of until you force yourself to do it.Soon I passed the swim test. All le
33、ft was to practice and learn first aid, CPR （心肺复苏）,and procedures for different land-based and water-based emergencies.Work started soon. A well-intentioned yet anxious feeling in me soon passed. Days, weeks, and months went by without incident; emergencies were rare. The skills and training I had s
34、o carefully studied and acquired seemed unnecessary.Today appeared to be another uneventful day. However, shortly after the other guards signaled to the children to exit the pool, I noticed one boy was still in the middle while the others had climbed up.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150词左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你Para
35、graph 1:Something must have gone wrong with him, I thought to myself. Paragraph 2:Having the boy on the floor, I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck. Paragraph 1:Something must have gone wrong with him, I thought to myself. Sure enough, with a closer look. I found the boy waving his h
36、ands desperately. I quickly dived into the water, swimming towards the boy at full speed. By the time 1 reached him, he had sunk to the bottom of the pool, which filled my heart with fright and concern. I picked the boy up and headed to the poolside, keeping his head above the water.Paragraph 2:Havi
37、ng the boy on the floor, I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck. I could tell that he had no heartbeat and wasnt breathing. Every second counted! Without hesitation, I did first aid, performing CPR as trained. Other guards watching anxiously, I carried on, sweating. Suddenly, a stream
38、of water burst out of his mouth and the boy coughed intensely. Seeing the boy regain consciousness, those around broke into cheers. Exhausted, I sighed with relief. I thought had I accepted that easy position, I would have been nothing but a bystander. Im happy I didnt take the easy way out.-6-学科网（北京）股份有限公司