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1、Book 3 Unit 2 1. county n. (英国的)郡；(美国等国家的)县the southern counties南部各郡 county boundaries郡分界线2. injure vt. 伤害，使受伤; 损害injure sb/sth/yourself (在事故中)伤害，使受伤He injured his knee playing hockey. 他打曲棍球时膝盖受伤。Three people were killed and five injured in the crash. 撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。injure sbs pride/ feelings 损害，伤害
2、（自尊/情感/名誉等）This could seriously injure the companys reputation. 这会严重损害公司的声誉。ninjury (对躯体的)伤害，损伤 serious injury/injuries重伤 He had to quit the competition because of injury. adj. injured 受伤的 be badly/seriously/critically injured an injured leg the injured n. 受伤的人；伤员 Ambulances took the injured to a ne
3、arby hospital.3. disaster n. C 灾难, 灾害; C/U 彻底失败(的人或事); C 灾难, 灾害：catastrophe a natural disaster 自然灾害 an air disaster空难 As a teacher, hes a disaster. 他当老师压根儿就不称职。The plays first night was a total disaster. 这出戏头一晚就彻底演砸了。a disaster waiting to happen隐患 be declared a disaster area被宣布为灾区adj. disastrous灾难性的
4、；完全失败的Lowering interest rates could have disastrous effects/consequences/results for the economy.降低利率可能给经济带来灾难性后果。a disastrous first marriage以失败告终的第一次婚姻4. at large 整个, 全部; (危险人物或动物)在逃的，未被捕获的 the population/ public/ society/ world at large 全部人口/全部民众/全社会/全世界 Her killer is still at large. 杀害她的凶手依然逍遥法外。
5、 in large part/measure在很大程度上 to a great extent/ degree by and large 大体上，总的说来5. reaction n. C/U 反应, 回应; C, usually singular /U(对旧观念等的) 抗拒; C/U化学反应What was his reaction to the news? （response）他对这消息有何反应？ in reaction to sth mixed reactions褒贬不一的反应a reaction against the traditional values of the nineteent
6、h century对19世纪传统价值观的反抗a chemical reaction in the soil 土壤里的化学反应 a chain reaction （相关事件的）连锁反应，链式反应v. react 起反应；（对）作出反应；回应 react to sth by doing sth6. crash n. 碰撞声, 破裂声; 碰撞; (机器或系统)崩溃；（股票）暴跌 vi. & vt. 碰撞, 撞击; 崩溃；（股票）暴跌n. The first distant crash of thunder shook the air. 远处的第一声霹雳震撼了天空。 a car/ plane cras
7、h汽车撞车事故；飞机失事v. A truck went out of control and crashed into the back of a bus. 货车失控撞上了一辆公共汽车的尾部。Files can be lost if the system suddenly crashes. 要是计算机系统突然崩溃，文件就可能丢失。Share prices crashed to an all-time low yesterday. 昨天股票价格暴跌到了历史最低。7. signal vi.&vt. 发信号, 示意; 标志【signalling, signalled; US signaling, s
8、ignaled】n. 信号, 暗号; 标志, 信号灯vi.&vt. signal (to) sb for sth/ to do sthHe signalled (to) the waiter for the bill. 他示意服务员结账。vt. signal sth 标志 indicate This announcement signalled a clear change of policy. 这声明显示政策有明显的改变。n. a warning signal警告信号 traffic signals交通信号灯 The rise in inflation is a clear signal(标
9、志) that the governments policies are not working.8. exit vt.& vi. 出去, 离去, 退场; 退出 n. 出口, 通道; 离开vt.& vi. exit via a fire door从防火安全门离去 exit the stage退场 exit from this page退出本页面n. make for the emergency exit走向紧急出口 make a quick exit迅速离开 cf: the entrance to the museum/ the museum entrance博物馆入口处 make his e
10、ntrance 出场9. orderly adj. 有秩序的, 有条理的, 整齐的 She needs to organize her ideas in a more orderly way. 她需要把自己的想法组织得更有条理些。 Please leave the building in an orderly fashion. 请有秩序地离开大楼。ant: disorderly杂乱的 n. orderlinessin order to do sth/ that为了 out of order 出故障；安排不当；行为不当in order 依次；妥当；适宜10. stair n. 【plural】楼
11、梯; C梯级 run up the stairs跑上楼11. roll n. 名单; 卷; 一管; 翻滚 vi.& vt. 翻滚, 滚动; 翻身; 卷起n. call/ take the roll 点名 a roll of film 一卷胶卷 a roll of mints一管薄荷糖 enjoy a roll 喜欢打滚 a forward/backward roll前/后滚翻vi.& vt. The ball rolled down the hill. 球滚下了山。 I rolled the baby over onto its stomach. 我使婴儿翻过身去趴着。Roll up your
12、 sleeves. 把你的袖子挽起来；捋起袖子，准备动手，摩拳擦掌 roll sth out将压平；正式推出（新产品）launch The new model is to be rolled out in July. 这种新型号将在七月份推向市场。roll call 【C,U】点名 have/make a roll call12. confirm vt. 证实, 确认; 使确信; 批准 confirm sth/(that)/what/when, etc confirm your reservation确认预定It has been confirmed that the meeting will
13、 take place next week.已经确定confirm sth/confirm sb (in sth) The walk in the mountains confirmed his fear of heights. 山里步行使他更加确信自己有恐高症。confirm sth /sb as sth/sb in sthHe was confirmed as captain for the rest of the season. 他被批准为这个赛季剩下的时间内担任队长。adj. confirmed根深蒂固的 unconfirmed未经证实的 n. confirmation证实 v. re
14、confirm 再确认13. safe and sound安然无恙的 They turned up safe and sound.Starting for the FrontWith wine of grapes the cups of jade would glow at night;Drinking to pipa songs, we are summoned to fight.Dont laugh if we lay drunken on the battleground!How many warriors ever came back safe and sound?14. hug (h
15、ugging, hugged) vt. 拥抱, 搂抱(embrace); 抱紧 n. 拥抱；搂抱They hugged each other. 他们相互拥抱。She hugged the hot-water bottle to her chest. 她把热水袋紧捂在胸口。15. procedure n. 【C, U】程序, 步骤, 手续; 【C】手术 maintenance procedures维修程序 emergency/ safety procedures紧急情况/安全事务的处理程序 perform a routine surgical procedure做常规的外科手术adj. proc
16、edural rules 程序性规则16. *tsunami n. 海啸 avalanche/ snow slide雪崩； earthquake； eruption火山大爆发； flood； hurricane； landslide滑坡； tornado龙卷风； typhoon台风17. odd adj.奇怪的, 怪异的; 偶尔的(occasional); 不成对的; 奇数（opp：even）Theres something odd about that man. 那个人有点儿怪。He makes the odd mistakenothing too serious. 他偶尔会犯错误，但不怎么
17、严重。Youre wearing odd socks. 你穿的袜子不成双呀！1, 3, 5 and 7 are odd numbers. 1、3、5、和7是奇数。the odd man/ one out 与其他不同（或合不来）的人（或物）；异类 an odd fish 古怪的人adv. oddly (strangely/ surprisingly) n. oddnessThe odds are that/It is likely that很可能beat the odds克服重重困难 battle/ struggle against the odds排除万难 against all odds尽管
18、困难重重 be at odds with sth与相矛盾 18. *bubble n. 泡沫, 泡, 气泡19. occur （occurring, occurred） vi. 发生, 出现; 存在于 Something unexpected occurred. 发生了一件出乎意料的事情。 Sugar occurs naturally in fruit. 水果天然含糖分。sth occurs to sb/ It occurs to sb to do /that 被想到, 浮现在脑中The idea occurred to him in a dream. 这个主意是他在梦中想到的。It didn
19、t occur to her to ask for help. 她没想到请人帮忙。It had never occurred to him that he might be falling in love with her. 他从未想到自己可能会爱上她。n. occurrence20. keep ones headkeep a clear/cool head (在困境中)保持冷静laugh your head off 大笑不止 hold your head high昂首挺胸 heads or tails? (掷硬币作决定时说)正面还是反面21. relief n. U, singular宽慰,
20、 轻松; U减轻, 消除; U救济 She signed with relief. 她松了口气。 What a relief! 可轻松了！Much to my relief the car was not damaged. 令我非常庆幸的是车并没有损坏。It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it. 能和别人谈谈这件事，感到舒心多了。 provide pain relief for some cancer patients为一些癌症患者减轻疼痛 disaster/ flood relief灾难/洪水救济品V. relieve减轻，
21、缓和 relieve stress relieve sb of sth 帮助减轻（负担） adj. relieved感到宽慰的22. typhoon n. 台风23. destructive adj. 引起破坏(或毁灭)的, 破坏(或毁灭)性的the destructive effects of anxiety焦虑的破坏性影响adv. destructivelyv. destroy sth/sb（destroyed, destroyed） n. destruction摧毁；毁灭 destroyer驱逐舰；破坏者24. pole n. 柱, 杆; 极 a telephone pole 电话线杆
22、the North/ South Pole北/南极25. inform vt.了解, 熟悉; 通知inform sb of/ about sth/thatWe need time to inform ourselves thoroughly of the problem.我们需要时间对这个问题有个透彻的了解。Please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有变更，请请尽早通知我们。We regret to inform you that your application has been rejected.我们很
23、遗憾地通知你，你的申请未被接受。Keep me informed of any developments. 随时通知我进展情况。adj. informed有见识的 uninformed 无知的 ill-informed了解不够的；信息不足的 well informed 消息灵通的26. hurricane n. 飓风27. conference n. 会议, 研讨会; 讨论, 商谈 an annual conference年会 hold a press conference举行记者招待会He was in conference with his lawyers all day.他和他的律师们商
24、讨了一整天。28. shock n. 震惊,惊愕; 剧烈震动；休克； vt. 使震惊; 使触电；使遭电击The news of my promotion came as a shock. 我获晋升的消息着实让我一惊。The shock of the explosion could be felt up to six miles away. 爆炸引起的剧烈震荡在六英里之外都能感觉到。He isnt seriously injured but he is in shock.他伤得不重，但处于休克状态。shock sb/ sb that/sb to do sth/ into doing sthI w
25、as shocked to hear that he had resigned. 听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。adj. shocked 对感到震惊的 shocking令人震惊的29. scare vt.&vi. 惊吓,害怕 n. 【C】恐慌,惊吓It scared me to think I was alone in the building. 想到楼里只有我一个人，怪害怕的。He doesnt scare easily. 他不轻易害怕。scare/frighten sb to death把某人吓得要命 scare sb away/off把吓跑 scare sb into doing sth
26、 恐吓某人做某事a health scare 卫生恐慌 give me a scare吓了我一跳adj. scared 对害怕的 be scared of heights恐高 scary 吓人的： a scary movie30. power 【U】 n. 电, 电力; 权力; 政权; 控制力; 能力; 能量; 力量power failure/cut停电 have power over有权 come/ rise to power 上台，掌权 have sb/sth in your power能控制某人 not within my power爱莫能助solar/wind/nuclear powe
27、r太阳能/风能/核能 hit the ball with as much power as I can用尽我全力击球air/sea power空军/海军力量 world powers世界强国v. 给提供动力 It is powered by a Ferrari V12 engine. 它由法拉利V12发动机驱动。adj. powerful权利强大的 powerless无力量的31. sb run out of sthuse up 用完, 耗尽We ran out of fuel. 我们的燃料用光了。We must act now because time is running out. 时间不
28、多了，我们必须立即行动。(sth run out/be used up)32. supply n. 补给, 补给品plural; 供应U; 供应量, 储备C vt. 供应, 供给, 提供n. medical supplies 医疗补给品 the electricity supply 电力供应 steady supplies of food稳定的食物储备 in short supply供应不足 supply and demand供求关系 the supply chain产品供应链 a supply teacher 代课老师vt. supply sth to sbForeign governmen
29、ts supplied arms to rebels.一些外国政府向反叛者提供武器。supply sb with sthForeign governments supplied the rebels with arms. 一些外国政府向反叛者提供武器。cf： provide sth for sb provide sb with sth33. donate vt. 捐赠, 赠送; 献(血)He donated thousands of pounds to charity. 他向慈善事业捐赠数千英镑。All donated blood is tested for HIV and other inf
30、ections.对所有捐献的血液都会进行艾滋病病毒和其他传染病病毒的检测。n. donation捐赠物；捐赠；赠送 make a generous donation to charity向慈善事业慷慨捐助 donor捐赠者；捐赠机构34. charity n. 【C】慈善机构(或组织); 【U】慈善, 施舍; 【U】仁爱, 宽容The concert will raise money for local charities. 这场音乐会将为当地慈善机构募捐。Most of the runners in the London Marathon are raising money for char
31、ity. 大多数人参加伦敦马拉松赛跑是为慈善事业募集资金。Her article showed no charity towards her former friends. 她的文章对她以前的朋友毫不宽容。charity begins at home博爱始于自家 charity shops（通过出售捐赠的衣物等募集慈善资金）慈善商店adj. charitable慈善事业的 adv. charitably大度地35. staff n.【C，usually singular; U】全体职工;【singular】管理人员 vt. 在工作, 任职于medical staff全体医务人员 teachin
32、g staff全体教师 students, faculty and staff 学生和教职人员staff sthThe charity provided money to staff and equip two hospitals. 这个慈善机构提供资金装备了两家医院并配备了人员。36. slide n. 幻灯片; 降低; 滑行; 山崩 滑梯 vi.& vt. （slid, slid）滑行; 逐渐陷入；（使）快捷而悄声地移动n. a slide show幻灯片放映 a rock slide岩崩The economy is on the slide. 经济日益衰退。 Her car went i
33、nto a slide. 她的车打起滑来。vi.& vt. She slid her hand along the rail. 她把手搭在栏杆上滑动着。The industry has slid into decline. 这个行业已成衰退之势。The man slid the money quickly into his pocket. 那人很快把钱塞进自己的口袋。37. fund n. 【plural】资金；C基金 vt. 为提供资金，拨款给The project has been cancelled because of lack of funds. 这个项目因缺乏资金已经撤销了。a d
34、isaster relief fund 赈灾专款 the International Monetary Fund国际货币基金组织a fund of knowledge singular丰富的知识The project is jointly funded by several local companies.这个项目由几家当地公司联合出资。38. flood n. C,U洪水, 水灾; C大量 vi & vt. 淹没, 泛滥; 大量涌入（in/into/out of sth）; 充满a flood of complaints 大量的投诉 flood the whole house淹没整个屋子fl
35、ood into neighboring countries涌入邻国 flood the market充斥着市场39. downstairs adv. 在楼下, 往楼下n. 楼下rush downstairs/upstairs 冲下/上楼 wait downstairs/upstairs在楼下/上等 paint the downstairs粉刷底层40. document n. 文件, 公文；(计算机中的)文档 legal s法律文件 save the 存档 v. document sth 记录，记载；用文件证明cf: documentary n. 纪录片 adj. 文件的41. honey
36、n. (爱称) 亲爱的; 【U】蜂蜜42. otherwise adv. 否则,不然(or); 除此以外; 以其他方式，另，亦My parents lent me the money. Otherwise, I couldnt have afforded the trip. 否则，我可付不起这次旅费。There was some music playing upstairs. Otherwise the house was silent. 除此以外，房子里静悄悄的。I wanted to see him but he was otherwise engaged. ，但他正忙着别的事情。or o
37、therwise或相反 otherwise known as又叫43. curious adj. 好奇的; 奇特的 He was curious about how she would react. 他很想知道她会有什么反应。Mandy was curious to know what happened. 曼迪很想知道发生了什么事。Its curious that she left without saying goodbye. 她不辞而别，挺奇怪的。n. curiosity singular, U 好奇心 out of curiosity出于好奇心 Curiosity killed the
38、cat. 44. *Roman adj. 古罗马的；罗马的（n. Rome） n.古罗马人；罗马人When in Rome do as the Romans do入乡随俗 All roads lead to Rome. 条条道路通罗马。Rome wasnt built in a day. 指复杂的工作不会一蹴而就。45. erupt vi.&vt. (火山)爆发；突然发生Ash began to erupt from the crater. 火山灰开始从火山口喷出。The unrest erupted into revolution. 动乱爆发为革命。erupt into laughter突然
39、大笑n. eruption46. unearth vt. 使出土, 挖掘, 发掘; (偶然或经搜索)发现, 找到unearth sth dig sth upunearth buried treasures挖掘地下埋藏的珍宝 I unearthed my old diaries when we moved house.我们搬家时，我偶然发现了自己以前的日记。47. destination n.目的地, 终点Our luggage was checked all the way through to our final destination. 我们的行李一直被托运到最终目的地。48. bar n
40、. 酒吧; 小馆子; 吧台; 条, 块; 栏杆; 障碍 vt. 封; 阻挡; 阻止 a bar of chocolate一条巧克力 a five-bar gate用五根横木条钉成的栅门At that time being a woman was a bar to promotion in most professions. 那时在大多数职业中，身为女性就是晋升的障碍。（a bar to doing sth）behind bars 坐牢 set/lower/raise the bar设定/降低/提高标准vt. (barring, barred) bar sth用铁条封住；阻挡（block） ba
41、r sb from doing sth禁止某人做49. import n. 【C】进口产品, 输入的产品; U，plural 输入 vt. 进口, 引进food imports from abroad从外国进口的食物 a ban on the import of hazardous waste禁止危险废弃物的进口 imports of oil石油的进口import most of its raw materials进口大多数原材料 customs imported from the West从西方传入的风俗习惯50. export n. 【C】出口产品，输出的产品; 【U】出口, 输出 vt.
42、 出口, 输出 the countrys major exports该国的主要出口产品 export earnings出口收益export sugar and fruit to Europe出口糖和水果至欧洲51. port n. 港口, 避风港，港口城市 fishing ports渔港 a port of entry入境口岸52. cloud-capped adj. 高耸入云的, 耸入云霄的 the cloud-capped top of Mount Vesuvius53. *ashy adj. 覆盖着灰的; 灰色的 its ashy rocksash C,U灰，灰烬 burn to ash
43、es烧成灰烬 rise from the ashes浴火重生54. *dawn n. 黎明, 破晓（daybreak）; 开端, 萌芽 vi开始; 开始清楚at dawn 黎明 cf: at dusk黄昏 work from dawn to/till dusk从早干到晚 the dawn of civilization文明的开端The age of Darwin had dawned. 达尔文时代开始了。sth dawned on sb/ It dawned on sb that某人开始明白The ghastly truth dawned on me.我才知道这个可怕的真相。It dawned
44、 on me that Jo had been right all along. 我开始明白乔一直都是对的。55. volcano (volcanoes, volcanos) n. 火山 an active volcano 活火山56. take the form of 呈现的形状; 采取的形式57. trunk n. 树干【C】；（汽车后部的）行李厢；象鼻；58. unbearable adj. 难耐的，无法忍受的 unbearable pain无法忍受的疼痛adv. unbearably ant: bearablebear (bore, borne) vt. 忍受 (stand, tolerate, put up with) bear/keep (sth)