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1、高三英语语法倒装句复习导学案I. Learning goals: Learn the grammar - Inversion Do some exercises according to what weve learnedII. Focal and difficult points: Natural Order; Inverted Order; Partial Inversion; Full InversionIII. Learning procedures:倒装语序 (Inversion) 在英语中，主语在前，谓语在后这种语序较为固定，称为自然语序(Natural Order).如；We c
2、an find this plant only in Africa.但有时由于语法，修辞，强调，句子结构的需要，引起句中语序的变化，要把谓语的全部或部分放在主语前面，这就称为倒装语序（Inverted Order）例如： (1）He works hard. So do you. （语法需要）(2) A bird flew away. Away flew a bird. （修辞需要，以示生动形象）(3) We can find the plant only in Africa Only in Africa can we find the plant. （以示强调） (4) He lives in
3、 Beijing. Does he live in Beijing?（句式结构需要）倒装句分两种：部分倒装 (Partial Inversion)全部倒装 （Full Inversion） 一部分倒装：这种倒装句只是把谓语的一部分(如助动词do, have, be will, shall, 情态动词can, ,may, must need, dare, ought,系动词be)放在主语前面，其余部分仍在主语后面。如：Where does he live? Only then did he realize his mistakes. Were you at home yesterday?部分倒装
4、句用于以下几个方面：1由so, neither/nor引导的句子（1）前文是肯定句，所说的事物也适合于另一人或事物，用so A. Frogs need to hibernate. So _ snakes. (= Snakes need to hibernate, too.) B. Society has changed and so _ the people in it.(2 ) 前文是否定句，所说的人或事物也适合于另一人或事物，用neither/nor A. He is not busy.Neither/Nor _ I. (=I am not busy, either.) B. Tom ha
5、s not been to France.Neither/Nor _ his parents. C. You cant sing, _ _ I, _ _ he. 当有两个以上并列分句是，不能用_. D.I dont know, _ _ I care. 当主语是同一个人或物时，只能用_注意 如果so 引导的句子不是说另一人或事物也如此，而是重复前文的意思（或对前文加以肯定），这时so引导的句子主谓不倒装。 A.“It was cold yesterday.”昨天真冷 。 “So _ _.”是很冷。 B.“Tom works hard.” Tom工作很努力。“So _ _.”是够努力的如果前文是条
6、件状语从句（if, as/so long as, unless, once等引导），要用一般现在时代替将来时，而后文要用将来时。 A. If he_ （来）tomorrow, so_ Mary. B. As long as he does not let out the secret. Neither/nor _ I. 如果前文既有肯定又有否定，或前文有多个谓语而且时态不同，要表明这一情况也适合另一人或是事物时，要用“So it is with-”句型 例如；- He speaks French, but he cant sing French songs. - _. A. So do I B
7、. Neither can I C. So is it with me D. So it is with me在“So it is with ”句型中注意： with后如是人称代词，要用宾格. 这一句式中动词只有is或 was。时态根据前文来定。 这一句式中So it is/was 不能倒装。2省略了If 的虚拟条件句（要把had, were, should放在主语前面）(1) If I had been told earlier, I could have come_ _ _ _ earlier, I could have come. (2) If he were here , the si
8、tuation would be better._ _ _, the situation would be better.(3) If someone should call me, tell him to wait for me here. _ _ _ me ,tell him to wait for me here.3. as引导的让步状语从句，要把表语，状语，或实义动词原形放在句首，形成倒装。 (1) Though he is clever, he is modest. Clever as he is , he is modest. (2) Although you work hard
9、,you cant succeed._ _ _ _, you cant succeed. (3) Though he may try, he cant do it well._ _ _ _ ,he cant do it well. 注意：在此句型中，如表语是单数可数名词时，不定冠词a要去掉。 Though he is a shoe-maker , he is very happy. Shoe-maker as he is , he is very happy. _ _ _ _, he knows a lot. 尽管他是个孩子，他却知道很多。 虽说as引导让步状语从句，但as不能位于句首。 本句
10、型有时也可用来表示原因状语从句。主要根据上下文来定。如果主从句 之间在意义上有转折关系，则为让步状语从句；如果主从句之间有因果关系， 则为原因状语从句。例如： 1). Tired as he was, he didnt go to bed at once. （让步状语从句） 2). As he was tired, he went to bed early. （原因状语从句）4否定意义的副词no, not ,never, seldom, hardly, scarcely, little, not until, nowhere等位于句首时，例如： (1) We should do this by
11、 no means.By no means _ _ _ this. (2) He didnt say a single word at the meeting.Not a single word _ _ _at the meeting. (3) I have never seen such a fine car. Never _ _ _ such a fine car. (4) We seldom go there.Seldom _ _ _ there. (5) He can hardly support himself.Hardly _ _ _ himself. (6) He said li
12、ttle just now.Little _ _ _ just now. (7) Tom was not set free from prison until 2000.Not until 2000 _ _ _free from prison. (8) He didnt finish the work until yesterday afternoon. Not until yesterday afternoon _ _ _ the work. (9) I didnt know some English until I came here. Not until _ _ here _ _ _ s
13、ome English. 注意：上述句子中，如果否定意义的副词不在句首，句子主谓_。5. 否定意义的关联词位于句首时，主谓_。 (1) I had no sooner got home than I began to cook lunch. No sooner had I got home than I began to cook lunch. He had hardly arrived there when he fell ill. He had hardly got onto the train when it started. He had scarcely fallen asleep
14、when a knock at the door awoke her, He had hardly bought his bike when he lost it. _had he bought his bike _he lost it. Scarcely when No sooner than(2) Not only does he speak Russian fluently but also he likes Russian songs.注意：.上述句中，如果否定关联词不处在句首，主谓不倒装； 在上述句子中只倒装有否定关联词的句子，后半句不要倒装。. 当only 引导的状语（或状语从句）
15、位于句首时，句子主谓倒装。(1) We can learn English better only in this way. Only in this way _ _ _ English better. (2) He goes to work by bus only when it rains. Only when it rains _ _ _ _work by bus. 注意 only强调的状语放在句首时，主谓才倒装。 only强调的其它句子成分位于句首时，主谓不倒装。例如： He can speak only English.Only English_ _ _. Only Tom can
16、speak Chinese. only 强调状语从句位于句首时，只倒装主句中的主谓，状语从句中的主谓语_。7.频度副词often,seldom,never,hardly,no longer,many a time等位于句首时，主谓倒装。 (1) We often warn him not to smoke.Often _ _ _ him not to smoke. (2) He has given us good advice many a time. Many a time _ _ _ us good advice. (3) They will stay with us no longer.
17、No longer _ _ _ with us.8.在so-that-,such-that-引导的结果状语从句中，so,such位于句首时，主谓倒装。 例如：（1）He works so hard that he has made good progress. So hard _ _ _ that he has made good progress. (2) I bought such a thick book that I cant finish it in a month. Such a thick book_ _ _that I cant finish it in a month. (3
18、) He was so tired after a whole days hard work that he could hardly stand. So tired _ _after a whole days hard work that (4) He spoke so loudly that even people in the next room could hear him. So loudly _ _ _ that even people in the next room (5) There was such a noise that I couldnt work in the ro
19、om. Such a noise _ _ _ I couldnt work in the room. 注意：上述句中只倒装so, such句子中的主谓，that 后的主谓_。二全部倒装：全部倒装是指将句中的谓语动词全部位于主语之前，不需用助动词。 全部倒装用于以下几方面： 1由there be , here be 引导的表示某处有某物的句型。 （1）There is a shop at the corner of the street. (2) Here are two letters for you. (3) There stands a tall tree between the two
20、buildings. (4) There lived a landlord in our village. (5) There lies a river at the foot of the river. (6) There used to be a temple here. (7) There seem to be two women talking in the room.2. 由there ,here, now, then引起，谓语为go, come的句子 （1）Listen, there goes the bell.(=The bell is ringing.) (2) Look, h
21、ere comes the bus.(=The bus is coming here.) (3) Now comes your turn. (4) Then followed three days of heavy rain. 当时一连下了三天大雨。 注意：上述句子中，如果主语是人称代词，主谓不倒装。 There he went. Here he comes.3. 在描写一个情景时，有时为了更生动，更形象我们常副词out, in, up ,down, away，off等位于句首，主谓全部倒装。例如： (1) The woman rushed out.Out rushed the woman.(
22、2) The arrow went up into the sky. Up went the arrow into the sky. (3) The birds flew away. Away flew the birds. (4) The stone fell down. Down fell the stone. (5) The teacher came in and the lesson began. In came the teacher and the lesson began. (6) The door opened, in rushed a group of children. (
23、7) Autumn coming, down fall the leaves. 注意：在上述句型中，如果主语是人称代词，主谓不倒装。He ran out .Out he ran. 4. 表示方位的介词短语位于句首，且句中谓语是不及物动词（或说句中无宾语）这时主谓全部倒装 。例如：（1）A tall tree stands between the two buildings. Between the two buildings stands a tall tree.(2) The gun-shot came from the distance. From the distance came th
24、e gun-shot.(3) A cat lies under the table.Under the table lies a cat. (4) An old man lives next to us. Next to us lives an old man.(5) East of the town lies a railway. (6) They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.(7) Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.(
25、8) Gone are the days when we used the foreign oil. 以上三句为了保持句子的平衡或为了强调表语，或状语或使上下文紧密衔接，采用了倒装语序。5. 表祝愿的句子： 例如；Long live New China! Down with Japanese imperilism! 打倒日本帝国主义！Long live the Communist Party of China! 中国共产党万岁！May you succeed!May our friendship last!6直接引语的全部或一部分位于主句前时，主句的主谓全部倒装。例如 “They must b
26、e in the fields now.” thought/said Xiao Lin.“Help! Help!” cried the little girl.“If you come late again” said the teacher” Il tell your mother. 注意：如果主句的主语是人称代词或主句的谓语后有宾语，主谓就不倒装。 “Take your seats, gentlemen.” he said. “Have you been to Europe?” Xiao Yang asked me. 课后作业与教学反思： 1. _ her work is still no
27、t as good as she wants it to be?A. Why is it that B. Why is C. Why it is D. Why is so that2. Only then_ what she meant. A.I understand B. I understood C. did I understand D. do I understand3. -I have left my pen at home. Use mine ,_ . A. Here are you B. Here it is C. Here Is it D. Here you are4. In_
28、 and the lesson began.A. came the teacher B. the teacher came C. did the teacher come D. the teacher coming5. - Look! There_. - Oh, there_.A. comes the bus, comes it B. comes the bus, it comesC. the bus comes, it comes D. the bus comes, comes it6.- Id met Tom several times before. - _. A. So did I B
29、. So had I C. I did either D. met him so7.- Are you going there with us? - Yes, I am and_.A. so does Mary B. so is Mary C. so will Mary D. so he is 8.- It starts raining outside. - Oh,_.A. so it does B. so does it C. it does so D. so it rains9. Never in my life_ such a thing .A.I have heard of B. I
30、had heard of C. have I heard of D. did I hear of10. Seldom_ TV during the day.A. they watch B. are they watching C. have they watched D. do they watch11. Not only_ a promise, but also he kept it .A. did he make B. he made C. does he make D. has he made12. Little_ about his own health, though he was
31、very ill.A. he cared B. did he care C. does he care D. he cares13. _ succeed in doing anything.A. Only by working hard we can B. By only working hard we canC. Only by working hard can we D. Only we can by working hard14. Not for a moment _ the truth of your story.A. he has doubted B. has he doubt C.
32、 did he doubt D. he did doubt15.Hardly_the building when it began to rain.A.I had entered B. had I entered C. did I enter D. I entered 16. Under his arm_ a pair of shoes which he had bought a few days before.A. had B. was C. is D. there is17.Then _we had been looking forward to.A. came the hour B. t
33、he hour came C. come the hour D. the hour is coming 18._ that we all went out, lying in the sun.A. The weather so fine was B. So fine was the weatherC. So fine the weather was D. So was the fine weather19._, he is quite experienced in the work.A. As young he is B. As is he young C. Young as is he D.
34、 Young as he is20.Hardly in any situation_ her sad.A. you can find B. that you can find C. can you find D. that you can find21. Before the fisherman_.A. stood there a terrible Genie B. where stood a terrible GenieC. a terrible Genie stood D. stood a terrible Genie22.So loudly_ that even people in th
35、e next room could hear him.A. he spoke B. did he speak C. spoke he D. he speaks23.Not until_ ten_ to school.A. was he , he went B. was he , did he goC. he was, he went D. he was, did he go24._ that the pilot couldnt fly through it.A. The storm so severe was B. So severe was the stormC. So the storm
36、was severe D. Such was the storm severe25.Scarcely_ arrived_ out to meet me.A. had I, when he came B.I had, when did he comeC. had I, than he came D. had I, then did he come26.Which of the following is right? _A. He is fond of not only music but also he likes sports.B. Not only does he study hard bu
37、t also is he polite.C. Not only he but also his parents has seen the Tv programme.D. Not only is he fond of music but also he likes sports.27- .John worked hard at English but he couldnt sing English songs . - _. A. So did you and I B. So it was with you and I C. So it was with you and me D. Neither
38、 could I28.Unless he stays in the room,_. A. So do I b. Neither do I C. So will I D. Nor will I29.He has been away since last Sunday._here yesterday, he would have come to watch the football match. A. If he came B. Had he been C. If he has been D. Had he been30._ he is , he still has shortcomings. A
39、. Though hero B. A hero C. Hero as D. Being a hero31._ to use this room. A. Only are the teachers allowed B. Only the teachers are allowed C. Only are allowed the teachers D. Are allowed only the teachers32._, I wont buy it. A.I like it much B. Much as I like it C. Much though I like it D. As I like
40、 it very much33.- Did Tom ask you to water the flowers? - He did. And _. A. so did I B.I did so C. so I do D. so do I34._and caught the mouse. A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Up jumped it35.The door opened and _. A. in came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in came C. in came he D. came in Mr Brown36.Such _ the results of the experiment. A. is B. was C .are D. as37.Now _your turn to recite the text. A. there is B. has come C. comes D. will