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1、Walt Whitman(1819 1892)Walt Whitman(1819 1892)American poet,essayist,journalist,and humanistA part of the transition between Transcendentalism and RealismThe father of free verseLife and Career Born in 1819 on Long Island,New YorkPoor&Semiliterate(半文盲的）parents,only 5-6 years formal education,self-ed
2、ucatedWorked as office boy,printing worker,school teacher(1836),free-lance writerWhitmans birthplaceFree verse is a form of poetry that refrains from meter patterns,rhyme,or any other musical pattern.Although free verse requires no meter,rhyme,or other traditional poetic techniques,a poet can still
3、utilize them to create some sense of structure.For example,Walt Whitman repeats certain phrases and uses commas to create both a rhythm and structure.Life and CareerIn 1842 he was editor of the Aurora:r:r and from 1846 to 1848 he was editor of the Brooklyn EagleSupported slavery abolishing,dismissed
4、 from his jobServed as a volunteer nurse during the Civil WarDied in 1892,unmarried all his lifeWhitmans resting placeMajor Works of WhitmanLeaves of Grass 草叶集Drum-Taps 桴鼓集Song of Myself 自我之歌I Sit and Look Out 坐观世间O Captain,My Captain!船长，我的船长When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloomd 最近紫丁香在庭院里开放的时候I he
5、ar America Singing 我听见美国在歌唱Leaves of Grass 草叶集First published in 1855 with only 12 poems Nine editions and last edition includes more than 400 poemsCelebrates the ideals of equality,democracy,the dignity,self-reliant spirit and joy of common peopleGrass-the most common thing with the greatest vitali
6、ty,as a symbol of the rising AmericanWalt Whitmans ContributionHe believes the American poets would create both new forms and new subjects matter for poetry.In terms of poetic form,he advocated a completely new and completely American form of expression-free verse.In terms of contents,most of his po
7、ems are about man and nature,especially common people and ordinary Americans.He wanted his poetry to be for the common people Major Themes in His PoetryEquality of things and beingsDivinity of everythingMultiplicity of natureSelf-reliant spiritDeath,beauty of deathExpansion of AmericaBrotherhood and
8、 social solidarity(unity of nations in the world)Pursuit of love and happinessFeatures of Whitmans poetry1.The use of a certain pronoun“I”2.Two principlesParallelism or a rhyme of thoughtPhonetic recurrence(the repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of the line,in the middle or at the end)E
9、.g.I celebrate myself,and sing myself,And what I assume you shall assume,For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to youFeatures of Whitmans poetry3.The adopt of“free verse”-poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme4.The use of colorful words and vivid images(example)Appreciation of
10、I Hear America SingingA:Diction(the choice and use of words in literature)Nouns such as:mechanics,mason,work,deckhand,shoemaker,hatter,woodcutter,ploughboy,and mother.images of the working class society Verbs:measure,make,singing,sit,stand,sewing,washing a moving pictures of people performing their different jobs Appreciation of I Hear America SingingB:Main idea It presents the picture of the Americans who from all occupations are singing for their workC:Tone Cheerful,happy,optimistic D:Language Simple and even rather crude;Have a tendency to oral EnglishE:Parallelism and phonetic recurrence