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1、动词的时态动词的时态-一般现在时一般现在时英语时态:英语时态:英语的时态共有十六种,其中常用的有八种,英语的时态共有十六种,其中常用的有八种,也就是我们常说的八大时态,它们是:一般也就是我们常说的八大时态,它们是:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时和过去将来时。时和过去将来时。一般现在时:一般现在时:1 1、基本用法、基本用法(1 1)经常性或习惯性的动作,长与表示频度的时间状语)经常性或习惯性的动作,长与表示频度的时间状语连用。连用。时间状语:时间状语:everyeve
2、ry,sometimessometimes,atat,on Sundayon Sunday,often often,usuallyusually,alwaysalways等。等。EgEg:1.I leave home for school at 7 every morning.1.I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2.My friends often go to the park on Sundays2.My friends often go to the park on Sundays.(2 2)用于表示客观真理、客观存在、科学事实。)用于
3、表示客观真理、客观存在、科学事实。EgEg:1.The earth goes around the sun.1.The earth goes around the sun.2.Shanghai lies in the east of China.2.Shanghai lies in the east of China.注:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过注:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。EgEg:Columbus proved that the earth is round.Columbus proved tha
4、t the earth is round.(3 3)用于格言或警句中)用于格言或警句中EgEg:1.Where there is a will1.Where there is a will,there is a way.there is a way.2.Pride goes before a fall.2.Pride goes before a fall.(4 4)用于表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。)用于表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。EgEg:1.I don1.I dont want so much.t want so much.2.She is a good girl and
5、 always helps others.2.She is a good girl and always helps others.(5 5)时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中代替一般将来)时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中代替一般将来时。时。EgEg:1.If it doesnt 1.If it doesnt rain,wellrain,well go on a picnic.go on a picnic.2.I 2.Ill help you as soon as you have problem.ll help you as soon as you have problem.2.2.句子结构句
6、子结构 (1 1)当句子表状态说明主语是什么或怎么样时,其句型:)当句子表状态说明主语是什么或怎么样时,其句型:主主+be+be动词(动词(am,is,aream,is,are)+表语,否定式是在表语,否定式是在bebe动词后动词后加加notnot,疑问句是,疑问句是bebe动词提前到句首(即在主语之前)动词提前到句首(即在主语之前)EgEg:肯:肯:The twin sisters are from America.The twin sisters are from America.否:否:The twin sisters are not from America.The twin sist
7、ers are not from America.疑:疑:Are the twins from America?Are the twins from America?(2 2)当谓语由实义动词充当,主语不是第三人称单数)当谓语由实义动词充当,主语不是第三人称单数时,时,句子结构为:主语句子结构为:主语+动词原形动词原形+其它其它 否定式为:主语否定式为:主语+don+dont+t+动词原形动词原形+其它其它 疑问句为:疑问句为:Do+Do+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其它?其它?EgEg:肯:肯:We speak Chinese.We speak Chinese.否:否:They dont s
8、peak Chinese.They dont speak Chinese.疑:疑:Do you speak Chinese?Do you speak Chinese?当主语是第三人称单数时:当主语是第三人称单数时:句子结构为:主语句子结构为:主语+动词(词尾加动词(词尾加s s或或eses)+其它。其它。否定式为:主语否定式为:主语+doesn+doesnt+t+动词原形动词原形+其它。其它。疑问句式:疑问句式:Does+Does+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其它?其它?EgEg:肯:肯:He goes to school by bus.He goes to school by bus.否:否
9、:He doesnHe doesnt go to school by bus.t go to school by bus.疑:疑:Dose he go to school by busDose he go to school by bus?动词第三人称单数变化规律:动词第三人称单数变化规律:(1 1)一般情况加)一般情况加-S,-S,清辅音后读清辅音后读/s/,/s/,浊辅音和元音后浊辅音和元音后读读/z/z/。EgEg:swim-swimsswim-swims;help-helpshelp-helps;like-likeslike-likes (2 2)以辅音字母)以辅音字母+o+o结尾的词
10、加结尾的词加 -eses ,读,读/z/z/。EgEg:go-go-goes,dogoes,do-does-does(3 3)以)以s,sh,ch,xs,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加等结尾的词加 -eses ,读,读/z/z/。EgEg:watch-watcheswatch-watches,teach-teachesteach-teaches(4 4)以字母)以字母y y结尾的词,元音字母结尾的词,元音字母+y+y,直接加,直接加I-sI-s,辅音,辅音字母字母+y+y,把,把y y变变i i加加eses,读,读/z/z/。EgEg:stay-staysstay-stays,study-studiesstudy-studies(5 5)不规则变化)不规则变化havehave和和bebe动词动词 ,变,变have have 为为 has has,变,变bebe为为am,is,aream,is,are 。EgEg:have-has have-has;be-be-am,is,aream,is,are