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1、 2020-2021 学年初三英语题型突破训练：阅读理解【考情分析】英语中考中阅读理解一般在 30 分左右，因地区不同分值上下幅度较大，阅读理解一般 1 篇 4 题-5 题，也有3 题的，阅读理解前 3 题相当容易，考察知识面广泛。【破解方法】一般阅读理解考察推理题，词义猜测题，主旨大意题，事实细节题等，部分题可以直接在文中找到答案，也有一部分题目需要经过仔细的推理得出答案，另外需要看题目中问对的还是错误的【例题展示】一请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Every day there is less and less space on Earth
2、 for rubbish.Yet every day we make more and more rubbish.What can we do?We can recycle some of our rubbish.Recycling means that the rubbish will be made into something that can be used again.Recycling helps Earth.And it saves space in rubbish dumps.Half of everything that we put into landfillslandfi
3、lls could be recycled instead.In fact,most things made of paper,metal,glass and plastic can be recycled.Paper can be broken into small pieces and made into new paper.Steel and aluminum cans（金属雄）can be melted down（熔化）and made into new cans.The same is true of glass bottles.This can be done aver and o
4、ver again.Recycling doesnt take as much energy as making these things the first time.So we can use less of Earths fuel resources.Plastic can be melted down,too.Then it can be formed into park benches,playgrounds and so on.Some people call plastic the wood of the future.Things made of plastic will la
5、st about 400 years-even if they stay outside in the weather.No wood can do that!1.The underlined word landfillslandfills in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A.bench factories B.places for rubbish C.green mountains D.recycling centres 2.According to the passage,what happens last to the can?A.The can is p
6、ut into a recycling bin.B.The can is melted down and reused.C.A steel can gets filled with corn.D.A person uses the corn in the can.3.What is the main idea of the passage?A.Cans should be melted down.B.Old newspapers can be reused.C.We can build benches that last 400 years.D.We should recycle everyt
7、hing that we can.【答案】1-3BBD【解析】短文大意：本文关注的是地球污染问题，呼吁人们对垃圾进行回收再利用，保护地球。1.题意：第 2 段下划线的单词“landfills”意思可能是_。考查词义理解。put into 投入/倾倒；根据上文 And it saves space in rubbish dumps.和下文 could be recycled instead.可知 landfills 是填埋垃圾的地方，places for rubbish 符合句意，故选 B。2.题意：根据这篇文章，罐子最后发生了什么?考查细节推断。根据 Steel and aluminum ca
8、ns can be melted down and made into new cans.可知可以熔化制成新罐，故选 B。3.题意：这篇文章的主旨是什么?考查主旨理解。A.罐头应该熔化。B.旧报纸可以重复使用。C.我们可以建造使用400年的长椅。D.我们应该回收我们能回收的一切。根据开头We can recycle some of our rubbish.Recycling means that the rubbish will be made into something that can be used again.可知短文介绍的是垃圾的回收再利用，故选 D。二请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后
9、各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Family fights are never pleasant.Whether you are dealing with a loud sister or a stubborn(固 执的)mom or Dad,the situation can be bad.What if it could be different?What if family fights and conflicts(冲突)could be turned into chances to become closer?What if problems could be s
10、olved with everyone walking away feeling more deeply cared for and loved?Family fighting is,on one level,about power.Someone is telling someone else what to do.In a short moment,bad feelings can be brought out and the fight is on.You can go down that old road or you can try something different.In an
11、y fight,you have a need to be listened to and understood.People raise their voices and shout at each other because theyre not being listened to.You want your mom or dad to listen and understand.You want your brother or sister to listen and care.But you always seem to forget that the person youre fig
12、hting with has the same need to be listened to.So if you can put aside your need for a few minutes,the situation will change quickly.Give the other person some time to express his or her feelings,and youll have your turn to be listened to.And while you are listening,you have to listen for the right
13、information.The best way to do this in emotional(情绪激动的)situations is to pay no attention to most of the words because many people cant express what they are feeling with the words alone,especially when they are not calm.But if the situation starts to get out of hand,it would be wise to just calm dow
14、n and leave the problem until later because many fights happen at the wrong time.The situation will die down quickly,usually in less than 30 seconds.You can either move on to problem solving or reach an agreement to work on it at a better time.This way,everyone will feel respected and listened to,ev
15、en when there is conflict.feelings will be understood and respected,and it will bring your family closer together.1.From the first 3 paragraphs,we can conclude(总结)that .A.people had better avoid family fights B.family members fight to control each other C.family fights can be turned into something g
16、ood D.when relatives fight,its worse as they know each others weakness 2.In the writers opinion,the key to dealing with family fights is to .A.satisfy the need to be listened to first B.make sure that you are the first to be listened to C.pay no attention to what others say in these emotional situat
17、ions D.stop quarrelling(争吵)when you feel you are giving orders 3.When the situation gets out of control,its best to .A.wait for a suitable moment to speak B.let the other person express their feelings C.work on a written agreement first D.move on to problem solving 4.The main purpose of this article
18、 is to .A.tell readers that family fights are not that bad B.teach readers how to listen in family fights C.remind readers to show respect in family fights D.give advice on dealing with family conflicts.【答案】34-37CAAD【解析】34.细节理解题，根据第二段What if it could be different？What if family fights and conflicts
19、could be turned into opportunities to become closer？What if problems could be solved with everyone walking away feeling more deeply cared for and loved？如果它能有所不同呢？如果家庭的争吵和冲突能转变成亲近的机会呢？如果问题能在每个人离开的时候都能感受到更多的关心和爱呢？可知，家庭争吵可以变成积极的东西故选 C 35.A 细节理解题根据第四段 In any fight，you have a need to be listened to and u
20、nderstood在任何战斗中，你都需要被倾听和理解可知，作者认为，处理家庭矛盾的关键是首先要满足倾听的需要故选 36.细节理解题，根据倒数第二段，But if the situation starts to get out of hand，it would be wise to just calm down and leave the problem until later because many fights happen at the wrong time The situation will die down quickly，usually in less than 30second
21、s You can either move on to problem solving or reach an agreement to work on it at a better time 但如果情况开始失控，你最好冷静下来，把问题留到以后解决，因为很多争吵都是在错误的时间发生的这种情况会很快消失，通常不到 30 秒你要么继续解决问题，要么在一个更好的时间达成一致解决它，可知，当情况失控时，最好等待适当的时机再说话故选 A 37.D主旨大意题阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要为我们提供了处理家庭矛盾的建议故选 D 分析 专题突破 一请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D
22、四个选项中，选出最佳选项。We know the mosquito very well.Mosquitoes fly everywhere.They can be found almost all over the world,and there are more than 2,500 kinds of them.No one likes the mosquito.But the mosquito may decide that she loves you.She?Yes,she.Its true that male mosquito doesnt bite(咬)and only the fe
23、male mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay eggs.She is always looking for things or people she wants to bite.If she likes what she finds,she bites.But if she doesnt like your blood,she will turn to someone else for more delicious blood.Next time a mosquito bites you,just remember you are cho
24、sen.Youre different from the others!If the mosquito likes you,she lands on your body without letting you know.She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different.After she bites,you will have an itch(痒)on your body because she puts something from her mouth together with you
25、r blood.By the time the itching begins,and she has flown away.And then what happens?Well,after her delicious dinner,the mosquito feels tired.She just wants to find a place to have a good rest.There,on a leaf or a wall,she begins to lay eggs,hundreds of eggs.And then what happens?1.“Mosquito”means _
26、in Chinese.A.苍蝇 B.蜻蜓 C.跳蚤 D.蚊子 2.We know mosquitoes very well because _.A.they can be found easily B.they fly here and there C.there are many kinds of them D.they can fly 3.If the mosquito doesnt bite you,it will _.A.get angry with you B.be afraid of you C.make a lot of noise D.choose another one 4.
27、The mosquito bites you _.A.when youre asleep B.because you have choose it C.too quickly to let you know D.but doesnt like you 5.Which of the following sentences is wrong?A.The itching begins after the mosquito bites you.B.You feel terrible when the mosquito bites you.C.Mosquitoes use blood to lay eg
28、gs.D.All the mosquitoes dont like to bite people for blood.【答案】1-5DBDCB【解析】本文主要讲述蚊子吸血以及吸完血后会产卵 1.“吸血”和“会飞”是 mosquitoes 的两个主要特征。根据这两个特点，联系生活常识，即可选定答案。另外，读罢全文之后，也能将其余选项予以排除。2.根据“We know the mosquito very well.Mosquitoes fly everywhere.”可以知道答案是 B 3.答案就在“But if she doesnt like your blood,she will turn t
29、o someone else for more delicious blood.”这句话之中。4.答案的依据是“she lands on your body without letting you know.She bites you so quickly and quietly that you may not feel anything different.”一句。5.其余三项在文中都有明确的说明。根据上面那个小题的内容，B 项明显是错误的。【总结】本文第 2-5 题都可以在文章里找到答案，难度不大 二请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Whe
30、n I was ten,my sisters and I were amazed at our neighbors Christmas tree.We returned home from their house and decided that we must have one of our own.In our house we never had enough money for a Christmas tree.In fact,we insisted(坚持)so much that my father had no choice but to agree.“Yes!”he finall
31、y said.“This year we will have a Christmas tree.”Our mouths dropped open at the thought of having our own tree.Then Dad said,“Ill do it myself.”We followed him around the house as he gathered up the materials（材料）he would need,We all sat close to him,carefully watching everything he did.He passed the
32、 thread（线）around the first nail（钉子）on the corner of a box,then back down to the second nail on the box,and up again to the nail,until right there before our eyes a green Christmas tree began to take shape.He carefully did the same with all of the 50 nails in the box and when he had finished,he said,
33、“Now you can decorate it.”I dont remember where the decorations came from,but they were red and small and to us they just looked so beautiful and perfect for our tree.When we finished decorating it,we proudly invited all our friends over to see our Christmas tree.We were so happy,not only because it
34、 looked so pretty,but because my father had made it himself.It truly was the most beautiful Christmas tree we had ever seen.Years later,things got better and Dad was able to buy a proper Christmas tree which we would happily decorate.However,my sisters and I will never forget the night when we got o
35、ur first Christmas tree.1What do we know about the writer?AShe had no friends at school.BShe never went to her neighbors home.CShe lived a hard life when she was young.DShe seldom saw beautiful green trees.2How did the writer and her sisters feel when their father decided to make a Christmas tree?AE
36、xcited BWorried CBored DDisappointed 3The third paragraph mainly describes_.Ahow the Christmas tree was decorated Bhow the Christmas tree was bought Chow the Christmas tree was found Dhow the Christmas tree was made 4The Chinese meaning of the underlined word”decoration”is_.A装饰 B讨论 C决定 D捐赠【答案】1-4CAD
37、A【解析】1 第一段末 In our house we never had enough money for a Christmas tree.可知该选 C。2 词义猜测题。根据后面的句子 When we finished decorating it，we proudly invited all our friends over to see our Christmas tree.可知该选 A。3段落大意题。读短文可知第三段主要是描述怎样制作圣诞树，所以该选D。4 第四段中 We were so happy，not only because it looked so pretty，but be
38、cause my father had made it himself。可知选 A 三请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。I was born disabledA difficult birth,feet first,my head stuckBy my first birthday,I couldnt stand or walk When I was three,the doctor told dad I had cerebral palsy（脑瘫）A loss of oxygen（氧气）to my brain had destroyed bra
39、in signals to the right side of my body But no son of my dads was going to be disabledEvery morning before breakfast and every evening before bed,my dad placed me on the bedroom floor to exercise my right legThe muscles were shrunk（收缩）and twisted（缠绕）togetherBack and forth up and down,my dad pushed a
40、nd pulled the muscles into shape But my dads exercise of passion didnt stop thereFor my 13th birthday,he threw me a special party.When everybody was gone,he brought me to open a large box,it was a set of boxing glovesWe put them onMy dad kept on beating me mercilessly（无情地）Each time I tried to get up
41、,leather kissed my nose,eyes and jaw.I begged him to stop.He said he beat me to get me ready for the tough world.That same year,I was the only kid in my neighborhood that wasnt picked for Little League.Two weeks later,Dad started the Shedd Park Minor League,and every kid played.Dad coached us and ma
42、de me a pitcher（棒球投手）.The power of my dads love guaranteed I walked and more.In high school,I became a football star.In 1997,a brain surgeon in San Jose told me I didnt have cerebral palsy after all.He explained how and where the doctor s forceps（镊子）at birth had damaged my brain.My dad never knew th
43、e whole truth since he passed away years ago.But all that counts is the bottom line.After all his madness,on this Fathers Day,like every Fathers Day,Im no longer disabled.1.What caused the authors disability?A.A failed operation.B.The doctors forceps.C.An accident in a game.D.Shrunken and twisted mu
44、scles.2.What do we learn from the passage?A.The author has a talent for boxing.B.The author became a baseball star with the help of his father.C.The author achieved a lot thanks to（多亏了）his fathers love.D.The author doesnt think his father should be so strict with him.3.Paragraph 3 suggests that the
45、authors father_.A.wouldnt give up hope easily B.believed his son was a normal child C.blamed the doctors for his sons disability D.couldnt accept the truth that his son was disabled 4.The author wrote the passage to _.A.give advice to the parents of disabled children B.encourage disabled children C.
46、show the difficulty the disabled face D.remember his father【答案】1-4BCAD【解析】1.题意：什么导致了作者的残疾?考查细节理解题。根据后文 He explained how and where the doctors forceps（镊子）at birth had damaged my brain.，可知作者的残疾是医生的镊子引起的，故选 B。2.题意：我们从这篇文章中了解到了什么?考查细节理解题。A.The author has a talent for boxing.作者有拳击的天赋。B.The author became
47、a baseball star with the help of his father.作者在父亲的帮助下成为了一名棒球明星。C.The author achieved a lot thanks to his fathers love.由于父亲的爱，作者获得了很大的成就。D.The author doesnt think his father should be so strict with him.作者认为他父亲不应该对他那么严格。根据 The power of my dads love made it possible for me to walk and do other things
48、like a normal childIn high school，I became a football star.可知，作者在父亲的帮助下成为了一个篮球明星，故选 B。3.题意：第 3 段暗示作者的父亲_。考查细节理解题。根据 But no son of my dads was going to be disabled.，可知父亲不轻言放弃，故故选 A。4.题意：作者写了这篇短文是为了 。考查主旨理解题。根据短文内容，结合点题句 The power of my dads love guaranteed I walked and more.和 After all his madness,on
49、 this Fathers Day,like every Fathers Day,Im no longer disabled.，可知作者在父亲节怀念父亲，表达对父亲的感恩，故选 D。四请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Jean is a bright young woman who comes from a rich and famous family.She goes to a good university and has everything that money can buy.Well,almost everything.The pro
50、blem is that the people in Jeans family are so busy that they can hardly find time to be with her.In fact,Jean is quite lonely.So Jean spends a lot of time on her QQ.She likes being anonymous(匿名),talking to people who do not know about her famous family and her rich life.She uses the name Linda on Q