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1、会计学1MU Healthy eating Grammar人教必修人教必修三语法点三语法点第1页/共36页第2页/共36页Tolearntheuseofmodalverbs第3页/共36页Underline the sentences containing modal verbs in the reading passage and use the function words below to explain the meaning of the modal verbs.Intention Duty Permission Possibility Guessing Abilitypossibi
2、litypossibilitypossibilityguessingpossibility第4页/共36页intentionabilitydutyintentiondutypossibilitypossibilityabilityModalverbsareusedtoexpressthespeakersmeaningofintention,duty,permission,guessing,ability,etc.第5页/共36页1.should1.should和和和和oughttooughttoa.should,oughttoa.should,oughtto都可表示都可表示都可表示都可表示“应
3、该应该应该应该”。oughttooughtto用于表示按道理应当，常指客观用于表示按道理应当，常指客观用于表示按道理应当，常指客观用于表示按道理应当，常指客观的义务或责任，大多数情况下可用的义务或责任，大多数情况下可用的义务或责任，大多数情况下可用的义务或责任，大多数情况下可用shouldshould代替，但比代替，但比代替，但比代替，但比shouldshould语气重。语气重。语气重。语气重。e.g.Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.Yououghttotakecareofthebaby.第6页/共36页b.b.表示劝告、建议或命令时，表示劝告、建议或命
4、令时，表示劝告、建议或命令时，表示劝告、建议或命令时，shouldshould和和和和oughttooughtto可通用，但在疑问句中常用可通用，但在疑问句中常用可通用，但在疑问句中常用可通用，但在疑问句中常用shouldshould。oughttooughtto的否定式为的否定式为的否定式为的否定式为oughtnttooughtntto或或或或oughtnottooughtnotto。e.g.Youshould/oughttogotoclassrightaway._Iopenthewindow?我可以开窗吗？Whatshouldwedonext?Should第7页/共36页Yououghtn
5、t/oughtnotto(oughtto)leaveinsuchahurry.你不应该离开的这么匆忙。第8页/共36页c.c.should,oughttoshould,oughtto都可表示推测。都可表示推测。都可表示推测。都可表示推测。e.g.Heoughtto/shouldbehomebynow.Thisiswheretheoiloughtto/shouldbe.should和oughtto后面跟动词不定式的完成式,其肯定句表示“过去应该做而未做”,其否定句则表示“过去不该做但做了”。第9页/共36页You_thedecisionaweekago.你应该在一周前就做决定。I_suchafo
6、olishmistake.我不应该犯这样愚蠢的错误。多数情况下，oughtto可与should互换使用。oughtto的反意疑问句用shouldnt替代。should/oughttohavemadeshouldnthavemade第10页/共36页YououghttohavehelpedhimwithhisEnglish,_?A.wontyouB.oughtnotyouC.shouldntyouD.wouldntyou第11页/共36页2.must2.must和和和和havetohavetomustmust的用法的用法的用法的用法 1)1)表示主观的义务和必要表示主观的义务和必要表示主观的义务
7、和必要表示主观的义务和必要,主要用于肯定主要用于肯定主要用于肯定主要用于肯定句和疑问句句和疑问句句和疑问句句和疑问句,意为意为意为意为“必须必须必须必须，得得得得，要，要，要，要”；由；由；由；由mustmust引起的疑引起的疑引起的疑引起的疑问句，问句，问句，问句，肯定回答肯定回答肯定回答肯定回答要用要用要用要用mustmust或或或或haveto,haveto,否定回答否定回答否定回答否定回答要用要用要用要用neednt,donthaveto,neednt,donthaveto,意意意意思是思是思是思是“不必不必不必不必”。第12页/共36页mustmust的否定形式的否定形式的否定形式的
8、否定形式mustntmustnt表示禁止，意思是表示禁止，意思是表示禁止，意思是表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许不能，不许不能，不许不能，不许”。如：。如：。如：。如：MustMustIfinishthetaskrightnow?Ifinishthetaskrightnow?我现在必须完成这个工作吗？我现在必须完成这个工作吗？我现在必须完成这个工作吗？我现在必须完成这个工作吗？Yes,youYes,youmustmust./Yes,youhaveto./Yes,youhaveto.是的。是的。是的。是的。(No,you_./No,youdonthave(No,you_./No,youdonthav
9、eto.to.不，不必。不，不必。不，不必。不，不必。)YouYeherewithoutpermission.未经允许，你不能来这儿。未经允许，你不能来这儿。未经允许，你不能来这儿。未经允许，你不能来这儿。neednt第13页/共36页haveto的用法1)must表示一种主观的需要，而haveto表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”。如：Ihavetoattendanimportantmeetingthisafternoon.今天下午我必须要参加一个重要的会议。Motherisout,soIhavetolookaftertheshop.妈妈不在家，因此我不得不照看商店。第14页/共36页2)
10、2)havetohaveto的否定形式是的否定形式是的否定形式是的否定形式是donthaveto,donthaveto,相当相当相当相当于于于于needntneednt。如：如：如：如：TheyTheydonthavetodonthavetobuyacomputeratbuyacomputeratpresent.present.他们目前没有必要买电脑。他们目前没有必要买电脑。他们目前没有必要买电脑。他们目前没有必要买电脑。第15页/共36页havetohaveto的第三人称单数形式是的第三人称单数形式是的第三人称单数形式是的第三人称单数形式是hastohasto，一般，一般，一般，一般过去式是
11、过去式是过去式是过去式是hadtohadto，一般将来式是，一般将来式是，一般将来式是，一般将来式是willhavetowillhaveto。e.g.LiHuae.g.LiHuahastohastopassanexaminationpassanexaminationbeforehecanstartwork.beforehecanstartwork.Mycarwasbroken,soIMycarwasbroken,soIhadtohadtowalkwalkhome.home.ItllItllhavetohavetobeonaSunday.beonaSunday.Illbeworkingevery
12、otherday.Illbeworkingeveryotherday.第16页/共36页Thebosshasgiveneveryoneaspecialholiday,sowe_gotoworktomorrow.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.shouldnt【点拨】考查情态动词。根据题意,可知这里表示“没有必要”,故只能选C项。第17页/共36页Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?You_doanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself.A.donthavetoB.oughtnttoC.mustntD.
13、cant【点拨】根据题意“除了和他们呆在一起做你自己外,没有必要做任何事情。”可知这里选择donthaveto表示“不必”。故选A项。第18页/共36页3.must3.must和和和和needneeda.needa.need作情态动词时作情态动词时作情态动词时作情态动词时,只能用于疑问句和否只能用于疑问句和否只能用于疑问句和否只能用于疑问句和否定句。构成否定句和疑问句时不借助于定句。构成否定句和疑问句时不借助于定句。构成否定句和疑问句时不借助于定句。构成否定句和疑问句时不借助于助动词助动词助动词助动词dodo。NeedNeedIfinishtheworktoday?Ifinishthework
14、today?Yes,youYes,youmustmust./No,you./No,youneedntneednt.第19页/共36页b.mustb.must的肯定形式表示的肯定形式表示的肯定形式表示的肯定形式表示“必须必须必须必须”，否定，否定，否定，否定式式式式表示表示表示表示“禁止、严禁禁止、严禁禁止、严禁禁止、严禁”。YouYehere.YouYoumustntmustnttakethebookawayfromtakethebookawayfromthelibrary.thelibrary.第20页/共36页Choosesuitablemodalverbsbelowtocompletet
15、hefollowingdialogues.ought/oughtnttoshould/shouldntwillmustntneednt(dont)havetocan/cant1.Sam:HowcanIgrowthinner,Mum?Mum:Well,you_eatfoodwithplentyoffibrethathelpsyoudigestbetter.Andyou_stopdrinkingcolaoreatingsweetfood.havetoshould第21页/共36页Sam:DoesitmeanI_eatmyfavouritefriedchickenanymore?Mum:Notexa
16、ctly,ifyoulovefriedchicken,you_giveitup.Justeatitlessoften.You_worrytoomuch:alittlefriedchicken_doyougood!shouldntneedntdonthaveto/neednt/shouldntwillought/oughtnttoshould/shouldntwillmustntneednt(dont)havetocan/cant第22页/共36页2.Doctor:Youaresickbecauseyouveeatenpoisonousmushrooms.Wheredidyougetthem?L
17、ucy:Ipickedthemintheforest.Iknowwe_eatfreshvegetables.Doctor:Oh,butyou_eatthemuntilyouresuretheyarenotpoisonous.Lucy:Thankyou,doctor.Illbemorecarefulnexttime.havetomustntought/oughtnttoshould/shouldntwillmustntneednt(dont)havetocan/cant第23页/共36页3.Charles:IwishIcouldseethingsclearlyinthedark.Tom:Eati
18、ngcarrots_helpyouseebetter.You_eatsomeeveryday.oughttoshouldought/oughtnttoshould/shouldntwillmustntneednt(dont)havetocan/cant第24页/共36页1.Samuel,thetallestboyinourclass,_(can/should)easilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf.（北京2017）2.Myroomisamess,butI_(neednt/mustnt)cleanitbeforeIgoouttonight.Icandoitinthemo
19、rning.（天津2017）选用括号内合适的内容填空。needntcan第25页/共36页3.Ilovetheweekend,becauseI_(neednt,mustnt)getupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays.(北京2016)4.Itwasreallyannoying;I_(couldnt,shouldnt)getaccesstothedatabankyouhadrecommended.(天津2016)needntcouldnt第26页/共36页5.George_(mustnt,cant)havegonetoofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.(浙江
20、2016)6.I_(neednt,couldnt)haveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmateshereareveryfriendlytome.(天津2015)needntcant第27页/共36页.用oughtto,oughtnotto,haveto,donthaveto,mustnt,neednt填空。1.You_goacrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightisonred.2.You_buyagift,butyoucanifyouwantto.3.Asstudents,we_putmoreenergiesin
21、tostudy.4.He_workovertimeinordertofinishthetaskbeforethisSaturday.mustnt/oughtnottoneednt/donthavetooughttohasto第28页/共36页5.Tom_havetoldmeyoursecret,buthemeantnoharm.6.Thesunisshiningbrightlyinacloudlesssky;it_beafinedaytoday.7.Youdontlookwell.You_gotoseethedoctor.8.Adograninfrontofmymotherscarandmym
22、other_stopveryquickly.oughtnottooughttooughttohadto第29页/共36页1.I_(得接受)yoursuggestion.2.You_(你不能来这儿)withoutpermission.3.You_(应当去照顾)yourbrother.4.Ithinkyou_(应当去看)thedoctor.II.Translatethefollowingsentences.havetoacceptmustntcomehereshouldtakecareofoughttogotosee第30页/共36页5.Theteachertoldthestudentsthatt
23、hey_(不应该在课堂上沉默不语)allthetime.6.You_(就得不到我的支持)ifyoudosuchathing.7.Iwaitedforthetrainfortwohoursatthestationthismorning.Well,you_(本来没有必要那么早去的).8.“You_(你千万不要再喝酒了),”thedoctorwarnedhim.mustntdrinkanymoreoughtnotto/shouldntkeepsilentinclassshallnotgetmysupportneednthavesetoffsoearly第31页/共36页III.阅读下面的对话，按照句
24、子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处使用合适的情态动词填空。Doyoucallthatahat?Isaidtomywife.You_besorudeaboutit,mywifeansweredasshelookedatherselfinthemirror.Isatdownononeofthosemodernchairswithholesinitandwaited.Wehadbeeninthehatshopforhalfanhourandmywifewasstillinfrontofthemirror.neednt第32页/共36页We_buythingswedontneed,Iremar
25、kedsuddenly.Iregrettedsayingitalmostatonce.You_havesaidthat,mywifeanswered.I_remindyouofthatterribletieyouboughtyesterday.mustntneedntneedntIfinditbeautiful,Isaid.Aman_neverhavetoomanyties.Andawoman_havetoomanyhats,sheanswered.Tenminuteslaterwewalkedoutoftheshoptogether.Mywifewaswearingahatthatlookedlikealighthouse!cantcan第33页/共36页FinishUsingStructuresonPage50FinishUsingStructuresonPage50ofofWorkbook.Workbook.第34页/共36页第35页/共36页