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1、Unit 1 Life on Mars一. 重点单词1.pill n药片( small round medicines) in the form of pills medicine n 药 take the/some medicine 服药 make medicine 制药2.guitar n. play the guitar/ violin/piano play football/basketball/volleyball play Chinese chess/ play cards3.sunglass n. wear a pair of sunglasses glass n杯子，可数名词
2、two glasses of water 玻璃。不可数名词 a piece of glass4.polluted adj. a polluted river pollute v. Dont pollute the river pollution n. 不可数名词water /air /noise pollution5.develop v. grow and improve How has it developed?developing adj. 发展中的 China is a developing countrydeveloped adj. 发达的 America is a developed
3、 country.development n There have been several new developments in electronics.6.population n. Whats the population of China?=How many people are there in China ?7.discussion n. The programme started with a discussion about the problem. discuss vt. shall we discuss the matter latter?8.dry v.烘干 Pleas
4、e dry these clothes.adj.干燥的 In summer it is very dry. dried adj,干的，干缩的 Dried food can be stored for many months.9.imagine v.（1）后接名词或代词 You cant imagine their words. （2）后跟动名词 Try to be imagine being on the moon. （3）后跟从句 Dont imagine that you are the only person in trouble.10.taste （1）link.v These dum
5、pings taste good （2）n. Do you have a taste of this green tea?11.human/people/person human主要指“人类，人”；people意为“人们”，着重指全体，是单数形式，但表达复数概念，等于men and women; person也可以作“人，人们”着重指个人方面，可以说two persons human-(pl)-humans12.certain adj. be certain of sth,/doing sth. sure adj. certain 与sure的含义和用法大致相同，但certain侧重于表示有确
6、定依据或事实，语气比sure 强，多作表语，主语可以是物也可以是人；sure多指主观上相信某人或确定某事，主语一般是人. It is certain that nobody likes waiting. Are you sure you borrowed the book from the library?pare vt. compare A with B; compare A and B eg. We carefully compare the first report with the second. It is interesting to compare their height an
7、d our weight/14.crowded adj.可以作定语也可以作表语，意为“挤满的，拥挤的”常用结构是 be crowded with sth. This is the most crowded street in Shanghai. The bus is crowded with people who go to work.15. a number of , the number of 的区别a number of = numbers of + 可数名词的复数+ 动词形式为复数A number of visitors come to Suzhou every day.the num
8、ber of + 名词的复数+ 动词的三单 意思是“的总和数量The number of the students in our class is 65.16. at half the speed of light 以光速的一半（行驶）， at ( 以速度,价格等)Eg：The car is running at 80 kilometres an hour. I bought it at a low price.17. three-eighths 八分之三，在分数词的表述中，记住口诀“分子基数词分母序数词，分子大于1，分母加s”。如： 1/3 one third 5/6 five sixths
9、Eg: Two thirds of the students in our class are boys.18. every 和each的共同点和不同点（1）every 和each后加单数名词，动词用第三人称单数形式。Eg: Each of the boys in class 2 has bought the book.Eg: Every student is listening to the teacher carefully.（2）each是一定数目中的每一个，强调“个别”“各有不同”，each是代词，可以和of 连用。every 只数目不确定中许多人或物中间的“每一个”，强调“总和”更强
10、调“大家一致”。every 后不可以跟of二. 重点短语1.be cared for by 2. be able to travel in space3.wear space helmets to go outside 4.in the form of pills5.make people feel very ill 6.live on other planets7.move to Mars 8.at the moment9.become more and more crowded 10.build a better world11.too slow to carry large number
11、s of people 12.travel at half the speed of light13.need food, water and air to survive 14.three-eighths of the gravity on Earths15.float away into space 16.prevent/keep/stop sb from doing17.wear special boots to make themselves heavier pared with life on Mars19have more space 20.live in a dome with
12、ten bedrooms21.do most of our work 22.take exams at online schools23.have their own online teacher 24.in some ways25.under the control of the computer 26the first to live on.Mars27.make friends with people who live there 28.take high-quality images29provide energy for the spacesuit 30travel from Mar
13、s to Earth31send a space robot onto Mars 32.imagine doing sth.33.so far away from Earth 34.miss the first part35.start with a discussion 36.be different from the situation37.worry about living there 38.be afraid of seeing aliens39.keep these animals away with laser light 40.do harm to them41.be stor
14、ed at the Planet Mars Bank 42.go somewhere quiet43buy a car which floats in the air 44.have a rest45.help me make Sandy calm down 46.too nervous to relax47.sit by the window 48check your homework49.work hard to make this dream come true 50.on the surface of三. 重点句型1.How do you like life on Mars?= Wha
15、t do you think of life on Mars?2.I thought you liked Mars. 我原以为你喜欢火星。3.Daniel is thinking about what life will be like in the future.4.It may be difficult to imagine.5.Our planet, Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted.6.At present, our spacecraft are too slowly to carry large numbers
16、 of people to Marsit takes months.7.By 2100, the journey might take only a very short time in space shuttles (that travel at half the speed of light.)8.Humans need food, water and air to survive.9.However, it is not sure if these plants could produce water.10.The gravity on Mars is only about three-
17、eighths of the gravity on Earth.11.There will be many different designs for settlers to choose from.12.Every student will have a computer at home (connecting to an inter-planet computer network.)13.I am wondering if/whether there will be many people willing to move to Mars.14.We could get ill from l
18、iving there.15.50% of the students would like to move out of Earth.16.It worries me.17. It would be great to have robots do all the work for us.18.It takes Mars about two years to revolve completely around the sun.19.The surface of Mars is more like the surface of Earth than any other planet in our
19、solar system.20.A very popular form of entertainment is online games.21.Things from Earth are hard to find.= It is hard to find thing from Earth. 22.Shes too nervous to relax.23.Robots could be the first to live on Mars.机器人可能是第一批生活在火星上的（人）。24.We will be cared for by robots.25.Food will be in the for
20、m of pills.四语法知识一“ must，can/ could，may/ might + 动词原形”常用来表示对现在或将来发生情况的推测。 must 只用于肯定句中，表示“一定、肯定”。其否定 mustnt 表“不准、禁止、不可以”等。如：He never takes a taxi. He must be very poor.I thought you must like something to read，so I have brought you some books.我想你一定喜欢看点东西，所以我带来了些书。注意：含有 must be 的反意疑问句，常用“ is/are + 主语”
21、。含有 must do 的反意疑问句常用“ do/ does + 主语”。 can/ could 多用于否定句或疑问句中，偶尔用于肯定句中表示一种可能性。如：Attending a ball can be exciting.Michael cant be a policeman，for hes much too short.迈克不可能是警察，因为他太矮了。 may/ might 通常用于肯定或否定陈述句中。当表示某事可能发生时，可用could，may，might .如： Are you coming to Jeffs party？你来参加杰夫的晚会吗？ Im not sure. I may/
22、might go to the concert instead.不太确定，我有可能去参加音乐会。二、 could/ can，may.might 表示“请求、建议、许诺、能力”等。could/may 用于表示委婉地提出请求或允许，“给予请求”的答复用 can/may . could/might 也可以表示“许可”，语气比 can/may 委婉，表示的可能性较小。如 Could I call you by your first name？ Yes，you may/can.二宾语从句（1）that:陈述句充当宾语从句，由that引导，that不在从句中担当成分，只起连接作用，常可省略(2) if/w
23、hether：一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if/wtether引导，宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，但在or not之前，不定式之前，介词之后只能用whether宾语从句中常见的错误一. 连词错误例1:He asked _ there was a bookshop in the street.A. that B. what C. how D. whether错解:A;正解:D剖析:ask 表明了宾语部分含有询问的意思。而that不能引导疑问语气的句子。例2:Tell me _ you will go with us or stay at home.A. if B. whether C. that
24、D. how错解:A;正解:B剖析:引导宾语从句时,if和whether常可以互换,但有些情况是不能互换的?穴当从句中提出了两种选择,或从句位于介词后面,只能用whether?雪。二. 语序错误例1:He wanted to know_.A. when would the holiday begin B. that he had come back from BeijingC. which one did I like best D. how he could get to the station错解:A/C;正解:D剖析:宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。例2:I wonder_.A. who br
25、oke the window B. who the window brokeC. whose coat is this D. what is the population of China错解:B;正解:A剖析:B貌似陈述句语序,但在这里连接词who是从句的主语,而不是the window。三. 结构错误例: I dont know_.A. which room I can live B. which room can I liveC. which room I can live in D. which room can I live in错解:A;正解:C剖析:如果连接词在宾语从句中充当不及
26、物动词后介词的宾语,并被放到从句句首时,不及物动词后的介词不能少。四. 时态错误例1:Long, long ago, people didnt know the earth_ round the sun.A. moving B. moved C. moves D. went错解:B/D;正解:C剖析:在学习宾语从句时,我们知道主从句的时态要考虑“一致”的原则。但当从句表示的是科学真理、格言、客观事实或其他不受时间限制、影响而客观存在的事物时,宾语从句的动词时态不受主句时态的限制,仍可用一般现在时。例2:Could you tell me_?A. how I can get to the post office B. how can I get to the post officeC. how could I get to the post office D. how I could get to the post office错解:D;正解:A剖析:主句中的Could在这里不是表示过去时态,而是表示语气的委婉。五书面表达 中考作业本 P286六Homework1.掌握的知识要点2.完成9Bunit 1的练习3.复习9B Unit 2词汇,课文,语法及写作