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1、名词性从句复习名词性从句复习Period 1 说出划线部分在句中所充当的成分。说出划线部分在句中所充当的成分。1.The plan has not been made.2.Whether he will go abroad has not beendecided.3.I am expecting his arrival.4.I expect that he will come.5.The most important thing is attention.6.The most important thing is that we must pay attention to study.7The
2、 famous actress,Zhang Ziyi,will come to our city.8.The news that Zhang ziyi will come to our city surprised us.主语主语主语主语宾语宾语宾语宾语表语表语表语表语 同位语同位语同位语同位语 1.Whether he will go abroad has not beendecided.2.I expect that he will come.3.The most important thing is that we must pay attention to study.4.The ne
3、ws that Zhang ziyi will come to our city surprised us.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句1.概念概念在句子中起在句子中起名词名词作用的句子叫名词从句作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）。）。名词从句的功能相当于名名词从句的功能相当于名词词组词词组,它在复合句中能担任它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语表语、同位语、介词宾语等等,因此根据它在因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称名词从句又可分别称为为主语从句主语从句(SubjectClaus
4、e)、宾语从句、宾语从句(ObjectClause)、表语从句、表语从句(PredicativeClause)和同位语从句和同位语从句(AppositiveClause)。(1)连接连词连接连词whether/ifwhether/ifthatthat(2)连接代词连接代词whowho/whoever/whoeverwhomwhomwhosewhosewhat/whateverwhat/whateverwhichwhich(3)连接副词连接副词when when whywhywherewherehowhowas if,becauseas if,becauseas if,becauseas if,
5、because(只用于表语从句）只用于表语从句）只用于表语从句）只用于表语从句）只起连接作用，只起连接作用，只起连接作用，只起连接作用，不充当从句不充当从句不充当从句不充当从句中的任何成分。中的任何成分。中的任何成分。中的任何成分。既起连接作用，既起连接作用，既起连接作用，既起连接作用，又充当从句的又充当从句的又充当从句的又充当从句的主语主语主语主语、宾语宾语宾语宾语、表语表语表语表语或或或或定语定语定语定语。既起连接作用，既起连接作用，既起连接作用，既起连接作用，又充当从句的又充当从句的又充当从句的又充当从句的状语状语状语状语。名词性从句的引导词名词性从句的引导词1.Thathewillsu
6、cceediscertain.2.Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3.Whathesaidisnottrue.4.Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5.Whoevercomesiswelcome.6.Howwecanhelpthetwins willbediscussedatthemeeting.7.Whentheyllstarttheproject hasnotbeendecidedyet.8.Itistruethattheearthisround.“It”“It”is used asis used as empty subjec
7、tempty subject形式形式主语主语为避免主语冗长为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻句子头重脚轻,经常用经常用it it作形作形式主语式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.1.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.2.Itisnotknownwhetherhewillgothere.3.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhentheyllstarttheproject.用用it it 作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构(2)It is 名词 that从句 It is a fact that It is an honor that It
8、 is a pity that(1)It is 形容词 that 从句It is likely/probable that It is strange that(3)It is 过去分词 从句 It is said/reported that It is believed that(4)It 不及物动词 从句It seems/appears that It happened that很可能 奇怪的是事实是非常荣幸很可惜据说/据报道人们相信 似乎碰巧 成功英语P116主语从句的主谓一致主语从句的主谓一致单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如果
9、是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。由两个或多个连接词引谓语动词则用复数形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数形式。导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数形式。WhatIammostinterestedin_Americanmovies.(be)Whenthegirlwasmurderedandwhyshewasmurdered_stillunknownnow.(be)Whenandwhythegirlwasmurdered_stillunknownnow.(be)isareis1.Theyknow(that)theha
10、bitwillkillthem.2.Italldependsonwhethertheywillsupportus.3.HeaskedhowmuchIpaidfortheviolin.4.Hemadeitcleartothepublicthathedidanimportantandnecessaryjob.5.Ifinditnecessarythatweshoulddothehomework.宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分（宾语从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）it作形式宾语的结构作形式宾语的结构动词动词+it+宾
11、补宾补(adj./v-ed/n.)+that从句从句用用it作形式宾语的动词及词组：作形式宾语的动词及词组：1)表示表示“喜欢、讨厌、认为、觉得喜欢、讨厌、认为、觉得”等心等心理方面的动词：理方面的动词：think,find,feel,like,hate,appreciate等。等。Ithinkitimportantthatweshoulddoexerciseregularly2）习惯搭配：）习惯搭配：makeitclearthat,seetoitthat(务必使务必使),dependonitthat(指望指望)Dontdependonitthathewillhelpyou.宾语从句的时态宾语
12、从句的时态1)主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态。某种时态。2)主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等言，谚语等，从句谓语动词用一般现在时。，从句谓语动词用一般现在时。3)主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态。要选用各种时态。1).Tomsaidthathewillgotothehospital.(改错改错)2).Ourphysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlight_(travel)fasterthansound
13、.3).HesaysthatTom_(come)toChinalastyearand_(be)herefornearly5months.wouldtravelscamehas been1.Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.2.Thatsbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.3.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.4.ThatswhyIwaslate.表语从句表语从句:在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后系动词之后.基本结构基本结构:主语主语+系动词系动词+表语从句。表语
14、从句。Thatswhatweshoulddo.ThatswhyIwanttoseeyou.1.be,seem,look等动词后均可跟表语从句等动词后均可跟表语从句Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.2.asif/though,because也可引导表语从句。也可引导表语从句。Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.ItwasbecauseIgotuplate.他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。_Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathedidntcatchtheearlybus.同位语从句同位语从句在句中充当同
15、位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（象名词（idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news;promise 等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明.1)The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.2)Word came that the president himself was coming to inspect(视察视察)them.3)Sydney kept his promise that he wou
16、ld always do something he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness.Thenewsthatyouheardisnottrue.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegameistrue.1.第一句中第一句中youheard是修饰是修饰thenews;第二句中第二句中ourteamhaswonthegame是补充是补充说明说明thenews到底是一个什么消息到底是一个什么消息。2.第一句第一句that在定语从句中充当在定语从句中充当heard的宾语，的宾语，是关系代词；是关系代词；第二句第二句that在同
17、位语从句中不当成分，是从属在同位语从句中不当成分，是从属连词。连词。定语从句定语从句or同位语从句？同位语从句？1).Thesuggestionthatheshouldnotgothereisofgreatvalue.2).Thesuggestionthathemadeisofgreatvalue.3).Thefactthathewonthefirstplacecantbedenied.4).Thefactthathementionedexcitedme.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句名词性从句的语序名词性从句的语序1.The photographs
18、will show you_A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike2.Youcanhardlyimagine_whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasexcitedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited在名词性从句中在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句除了关联词要提到句首之外首之外,一律要用陈述句语序一律要用陈述句语序3.Whattimedoyou
19、think_?A.willBestycomehereB.BestywillcomehereC.isBestycominghereD.canBestygethere疑问词疑问词+do you think/suggest/believe/suppose+陈述语序陈述语序Homework:翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。属于名词性从句中的哪一种。1.Whatyouhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.2.Itissonicethatwecanlearnthisgrammarpointtogether.3.Thi
20、siswhyhedidit.4.Doyouagreetothesuggestionthatwe(should)haveatripinTibet?5.Isuggestedjustnowwe(should)takepartinthisactivity.6.Theproblemiswhetheryoucansingitwell.7.Theproblemwhetheritisrightorwronghasnotbeendecided.8.Pleasetellmewhoyourmonitoris.Period 2判断下列名词性从句。判断下列名词性从句。Itwasobviousthathedidntagr
21、eewithyou.Whathewantstotellusisnotclear.Thequestioniswhowillbethenextspeaker.Thenewsthathehadlandedonthemoonsurprisedus.Ibelieve(that)heishonest.Ithinkitimportantthatweshouldkeepcalm.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句Revision用适当的引导词填空。用适当的引导词填空。Thenewboylookedattheteacherforafewsecon
22、dsandalltheotherstudentswondered_theboywoulddo.（2012，广东），广东）what此处引导宾语从句，从句中此处引导宾语从句，从句中do后缺少宾语，后缺少宾语，故由故由what引导。引导。whatLead-inOneday，hecameupwithanidea_hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.（2008，广东），广东）whenIrealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingasto(关于关于)_shouldhavethehonorofrece
23、ivingmeasaguestintheirhouse.（2007，广东），广东）who引导名词性从句，作引导名词性从句，作asto的宾语，的宾语，who在在从句中作主语。从句中作主语。thatwhothat引导的同位语从句，解释说明引导的同位语从句，解释说明anidea的具体内容。的具体内容。(1)连接连词连接连词whether/ifwhether/ifthatthat(2)连接代词连接代词whowho/whoever/whoeverwhomwhomwhosewhosewhat/whateverwhat/whateverwhichwhich(3)连接副词连接副词when when whywh
24、ywherewherehowhowas if,becauseas if,becauseas if,becauseas if,because(只用于表语从句）只用于表语从句）只用于表语从句）只用于表语从句）只起连接作用，只起连接作用，只起连接作用，只起连接作用，不充当从句不充当从句不充当从句不充当从句中的任何成分。中的任何成分。中的任何成分。中的任何成分。既起连接作用，既起连接作用，既起连接作用，既起连接作用，又充当从句的又充当从句的又充当从句的又充当从句的主语主语主语主语、宾语宾语宾语宾语、表语表语表语表语或或或或定语定语定语定语。既起连接作用，既起连接作用，既起连接作用，既起连接作用，又充当
25、从句的又充当从句的又充当从句的又充当从句的状语状语状语状语。名词性从句的引导词名词性从句的引导词Learning time语法填空中名词性从句引导词的选择语法填空中名词性从句引导词的选择1.Ibelieve_mydreamwillcometruesomeday.2._hesaidmakesmeangry.步骤一：找出名词性从句步骤一：找出名词性从句步骤二：分析从句缺不缺成分步骤二：分析从句缺不缺成分步骤三：确定引导词步骤三：确定引导词(that)What1.Ibelieve_mydreamwillcometruesomeday.2._hesaidmakesmeangry.若不缺主语、宾语、表语
26、、状语，若不缺主语、宾语、表语、状语，则考虑用连接连词引导则考虑用连接连词引导;若缺主语、宾语、表语，则考虑用若缺主语、宾语、表语，则考虑用连接代词引导连接代词引导;若缺状语，则考虑用连接副词引导若缺状语，则考虑用连接副词引导Improving timeDiscuss the difference between:1.that;if/whether2.what/which3.who/whoever,what/whatever4.when/where/how/why5.Noun Clause/Attributive Clause(名词性从句名词性从句)(定语从句定语从句)1 A)that1)Th
27、at he said nothing made us angry.2)She said(that)she was going to study French._引引导导名名词词性性从从句句时时后后面面接接完完整整的的陈陈述述句句，且在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，且在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，无意义，引导无意义，引导_时时thatthat可省略。可省略。that由你归纳由你归纳宾语从句宾语从句B)whether/if 1)Pleasetellmeif/whetheryoullgotothepartytonight.2)Whetherthemeetingwillbegivenisap
28、roblem.3)Theproblemiswhetherthemeetingwillbegiven.4)Ihavenoideawhetherthemeetingwillbegiven.5)Itdependsonwhethershewillcome.6)Idontknowwhetherheislyingornot.7)Ididntknowwhethertolaughortocry.由你归纳由你归纳if/whether引引导导名名词词性性从从句句，表表疑疑问问“_”，在在从从句句中中不不充充当当任任何何成成分分，两两者者都都可可引引导导_，但但_、_、_和和_后后的的宾宾语语从从句句以以及及含含有
29、有ornot、不不定定式式的名词性从句只能用的名词性从句只能用_引导。引导。是否是否宾语从句宾语从句主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句 同位语从句同位语从句介词介词whether2.what/which1)What he said made us angry.2)We are worried about what are left undone.3)Shantou is no longer what it used to be.whatwhat引引 导导 名名 词词 性性 从从 句句 时时 在在 从从 句句 中中 作作_，且且起起连连接接作作用用，表表疑疑问问“_”或或“所所”。由你归纳由你归纳
30、主语、表语、宾语主语、表语、宾语什么什么ThereareTherearemanybeautiesforZhuBajietochoosefrom,sohedidntknow_onehecouldmarry.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.whom由你归纳由你归纳_引引导导名名词词性性从从句句时时，表表疑疑问问“_”，一般有选择范围。一般有选择范围。which哪一个哪一个3.what/whatever,who/whoever1)Whatweneedistime.2)Hedoeswhateversheaskshimtodo.3)Whowillbesenttoworktherehasntbee
31、ndecidedyet.4)Whoeverwillbesenttoworktherewillbegivenalargehouse.由你归纳由你归纳what/whatever,who/whoever引导名词性从句在从句引导名词性从句在从句中充当中充当_。whatever引导名词性从引导名词性从句表示句表示“_”，等于，等于anythingthat;who引导名词性从句表疑问引导名词性从句表疑问“_”。whoever引导引导名词性从句表示名词性从句表示“_”，等于，等于anyonewho。一般说来，。一般说来，what/who等含特指意义，有疑问，等含特指意义，有疑问，而而whatever/who
32、ever等含泛指意义，无疑问。等含泛指意义，无疑问。任何的任何的事事任何任何人人主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语谁谁4.when/where/why/how1)Thisiswhereheusedtolive.2)Doyouknowwhenthepartybegan?3)Itdoesntmatterwhytheyarereducingprice.4)Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.由你归纳由你归纳when/where/how/why引导表疑问的名词性从引导表疑问的名词性从句，在从句中充当句，在从句中充当_，它们分别表示，它们分别表示_状语状语时间、地点、原因、
33、方式时间、地点、原因、方式5.NounClause(名词性从句名词性从句)/AttributiveClause(定语从定语从句句)(1)Pleasetellmewhyhedidntattendthemeeting.(2)Pleasetellmethereasonwhyhedidntattendthemeeting.(3)Asisknowntoall,theearthtravelsaroundthesun.由连接代词、连接副词引导的由连接代词、连接副词引导的_充当句中的主语、表语、宾语或是对同位语的充当句中的主语、表语、宾语或是对同位语的补充说明；而补充说明；而_则修饰前面的先行词或则修饰前面的
34、先行词或指代整个句子的内容。指代整个句子的内容。名词性从句名词性从句定语从句定语从句由你归纳由你归纳Practicing time一一.用适当的连词填空。用适当的连词填空。(30道道)1What2That3What;It4which5Whoever6where7whether8What9how10why11that12whatever13whoever14where15when16that17that/which18where19What20who21what;that22that23whether24how25whether26what;when27why28why29what30that二
35、、改错二、改错1If改为改为Whether2are改为改为is3whether改为改为that4that去掉去掉5which改为改为that6ishe中间加中间加that7because改为改为that8which改为改为what9which改为改为that10what改为改为that四、用名词性从句完成下列句子。四、用名词性从句完成下列句子。1.Thenews_（那栋房（那栋房子被烧毁）子被烧毁）lastnightsurprisedeveryone.2._（他是否出过国）（他是否出过国）doesntmakemuchdifference.3._（任何人来这儿）（任何人来这儿）willbewel
36、come.4.Noonecanbesure_（人类看上去将会（人类看上去将会是什么样）是什么样）inmillionyears.5.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_（我不同意之处）（我不同意之处）.thatthehousewasburntdownWhetherhehasbeenabroadornotWhoevercomesherewhatmanwilllooklikewhereIdisagree6.据报道很多野生动物正处于灭绝的危险中。据报道很多野生动物正处于灭绝的危险中。7.遗憾的是有些人还在无情地猎杀它们。遗憾的是有些人还在无情
37、地猎杀它们。8.毫无疑问野生动物的缺失会影响到人类。毫无疑问野生动物的缺失会影响到人类。9.我们觉得政府有必要采取措施保护野生动物。我们觉得政府有必要采取措施保护野生动物。10.作为学生，我们应该力所能及的保护它们。作为学生，我们应该力所能及的保护它们。Itisreportedthatmanywildanimalsareindangerofdyingout.Itisapitythatsomepeoplearestillhuntingthemwithoutmercy.ThereisnodoubtthatthelossofwildanimalswillaffecthumanraceWethinkitnecessaryforthegovernmenttotakemeasurestoprotectwildanimals.Asstudents,weshoulddowhatwecantoprotectthem.