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1、聚焦中考英语（普版）第第34讲讲宾语从句宾语从句n【名题实战】n1 Could you tell me _B_ in your hometown in winter?nSure.(2013，鄂州)nAwhether does it often snownBwhether it often snowsnCif it often snownDif does it snown2Did the radio say _B_？nYes，from Hunan.(2013，重庆)nAhow the bad rice camenBwhere the bad rice came fromnChow did the
2、 bad rice come fromnDwhere did the bad rice come fromn3Could you tell me _D_？nAt nine oclock，in ten minutes.(2013，襄阳)nAhow will he leave Bwhen he has leftnCwhy he is leaving Dwhen he will leaven4I dont remember _A_ the book yesterday.(2013，北京)nAwhere I put Bwhere did I putnCwhere will I put Dwhere I
3、 will putn5Hey！Mike，guess _B_ for my coming vacation.nTo Hainan Island？You always like somewhere interesting.(2013，台州)nAwhen I will take Bwhere Im goingnCwhen I will leave Dwho Im going withn【考点梳理】n中考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。n高频考向一宾语从句的引导词n宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，在口语中that可以省略。如：nWe believe(that)he is honest.我
4、们相信他是诚实的。n如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下，二者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether。如：nI dont know if/whether she will come here.我不知道是否她将来这儿。nSorry，I dont know whether he will come or not.对不起，我不知道他是否会来。n宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如：nCould you tell me where the post office is？你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？nThe teach
5、er asked the students what they were doing.老师问这些学生正在做什么。n【例1】Could you say it again？I cant understand _ you are talking about.(2013，广州)nAhow Bwhen Cwhat Dwhichn解析：how和when在宾语从句中作状语，而此处宾语从句的引导词在宾语从句中作talk about的宾语，故排除A、B两项；what“什么”，which“哪一个”，由句意“我无法理解你正在谈论什么”可知应用what。n答案：_C_n【例2】Could you tell me _
6、he came here?nHe drove here himself.(2012，安徽)nAhow Bwhy Cwhen Dwhethern解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。how“怎样”，why“为什么”；when“什么时候”；whether“是否”。由答语“他是自己开车来这儿的”知问句为“你能告诉我他是怎样来这儿的吗？”。n答案：_A_n高频考向二宾语从句的时态n宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况：n主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如：nHe says he will ask M
7、r.Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将叫胡先生给吉姆一些工作。n主句的时态为过去的某种时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的某一过去的时态。如：nShe said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。n从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如：nHe said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说太阳比地球大。n【例3】The official said that they _ a new law to protect the tourists the nex
8、t year.(2013，上海)nAmakes Bwould makenCmade Dhave maden解析：主句的谓语动词said是过去式，因此从句也应用过去的某种时态，由时间状语the next year可知应用过去将来时。n答案：_B_n【例4】Can you tell me _ the prize，Tom?nLast year.nAwhen you got Bwhen did you getnCwhen will you get Dwhen you will getn解析：宾语从句的语序须是陈述句语序，排除B、C项；由答句last year可知从句的时态为一般过去时。n答案：_A_n
9、高频考向三宾语从句的语序n含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词主语谓语其他”。如：nI want to know when the train left.我想知道火车什么时候离开的。n注意：有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。如：nWhats wrong with？/Which is the way to？n/What happened to you？n/Whats the matter/trouble？n/Who studies the hardest in your class?ndo you think后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作
10、为插入语。如：nWho do you think he is talking with？你认为他正在和谁交谈？n由do，does，did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do，does，did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如：nDoes he sing well？The music teacher asked him.nThe music teacher asked him if(whether)he sang well.这个音乐老师想知道他唱得是否好。n如果是will，be，have，can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据
11、主句的时态作相应的变化。如：nWill you be free tomorrow？She asked me.nShe asked me if(whether)I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。n【例5】Hi，Bruce.Here is a letter for you.nThanks.I wonder _.(2013，滨州)(2012，武汉)nAwho the letter was fromnBwho was from the letternCwho was the letter fromnDwho from the letter wasn解析：宾语从句
12、应用陈述语序，即be动词、助动词和情态动词都应放在主语后，在此宾语从句中，主语是the letter，谓语was from应放在主语后，故排除选项B和C；选项D将from置于主语前，是错误的。句意“嗨，布鲁斯。这儿有你的一封信”“谢谢。我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。”n答案：_A_n【例6】Can you tell me _ this morning?nSorry，Ive no idea.(2012，桂林)nAwhy didnt Daming come to schoolnBwhy Daming didnt come to schoolnCwhy doesnt Daming come to sch
13、oolnDwhy Daming doesnt come to schooln解析：由this morning可知事情发生在过去，故排除C、D两项；宾语从句应用陈述句语序。n答案：_B_n高频考向四宾语从句的否定前移n在宾语从句中，当主句的谓语动词为think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等时，如果主句为I或we时，从句中表示否定意义的not应移到think，believe，expect，imagine，suppose等前。如：nI dont suppose he will come.我猜他不会来。n注意：如果主句主语不是I或we，则not不前移。如：nShe t
14、hinks she cant arrive there on time.她认为她不能按时到那儿。n【例7】翻译：我认为明天不会下雨。nI_dont_think_it_will_rain_tomorrow.n高频考向五宾语从句的转化n当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope，wish，decide等时，从句可转化为不定式结构。如：nI hope that I can see you again.nI hope to see you again.我希望能再次见到你。n当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know，remember，forget，learn等时，从句可转化为“
15、疑问词不定式”结构。如：nI dont know what I should say.nI dont know what to say.我不知道该说什么。n当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell，show，teach等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可转化为“不定式结构”或“疑问词不定式”结构。如：nMr.Hu tells us that we shouldnt draw on the wall.nMr.Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。nWill you please tell me where I can bu
16、y stamps?nWill you please tell me where to buy stamps？请告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票？n有些宾语从句可转化为复合宾语结构，常用动词find，think，make。如：nI think it is necessary for us to learn to wait.nI think it necessary for us to learn to wait.nI find she is a good girl.I find her a good girl.n由what引导的宾语从句可转化为定语从句。如：nWe did what we could to
17、 help you.nWe did everything(that)we could to help you.nRobert saw what Mr.Smith did.nRobert saw everything(that)Mr.Smith did.n【例8】将下列句子改为简单句。nThe teacher told the boy he shouldnt spend too much time playing games.(2012，随州)n解析：主句的谓语动词是tell，宾语从句的主语是主句的间接宾语，故从句可简化为不定式结构：tell sb.not to do sth.。n答案：The_
18、teacher_told_the_boy_not_to_spend_too_much_time_playing_games.1、了解面对逆境，远比如何接受顺境重要得多2023/4/232023/4/2310:04:48 AM。2023/4/232023/4/23Sunday,April 23,20232、一般的伟人总是让身边的人感到渺小Sunday,April 23,202310:04:48 AM4/23/2023 10:04:48 AM10:04Apr-23。2023/4/232023/4/232023/4/234/23/2023 10:04:48 AM3、2023/4/23Apr-2323
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22、3/4/232023/4/232023/4/234/23/20236、生活总会给你另一个机会，2023/4/2310:04:49 AM2023/4/232023/4/232023/4/237、人生就像骑单车，想保持平衡就得往前走21:19:482023/4/232023/4/234/23/20238、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。2023/4/232023/4/2323 April 20239、我们必须在失败中寻找胜利Sunday,April 23,20232023/4/2310、一个人的梦想也许不值钱，但一个人的努力很值钱。4/23/2023 10:04:49 AM2023/4/2323-4月-2311、在真实的生命里，每桩伟业都由信心开始，并由信心跨出第一步。4/23/2023 10:04 AM4/23/2023 10:04 AM2023/4/232023/4/23谢谢大家谢谢大家