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1、ReadingTwinsTheyarebornnaturallyandidenticalinsexandappearance.A strawberry plantThenewplantsthatgrowfromtherunnersareexactcopiesoftheoriginalplant.一株草莓依靠它沿地一株草莓依靠它沿地“爬走爬走”的匍匐茎的匍匐茎,一年内就能长出数百株草莓苗。一年内就能长出数百株草莓苗。富贵竹插枝即活富贵竹插枝即活Thegardenershouldcuttheplant,thenthecuttingproduceanothernewplant.1996 clonin
2、g sheeps2001 cloning cattle我国成功繁殖克隆兔我国成功繁殖克隆兔 体形要比普通兔大许多体形要比普通兔大许多2002年年5月月中旬成功地中旬成功地繁殖了一只繁殖了一只胚胎细胞胚胎细胞克隆兔。克隆兔。2002 cloning cats2002年年4月月16日日美国第一头克美国第一头克隆牛隆牛“艾米艾米”产下牛犊产下牛犊。2005 cloning dogsInpairsdiscusswhatyouunderstandaboutcloning.Thenlistthequestionsyouwanttofindout.Shareyourlistswithoneanother.P
3、re-reading 1.Whatisaclone?Acloneisananimaloraplantproducednaturallyorartificiallyfromthecellsofanotheranimalorplantandisexactlythesameasit.2.Howisacloneproduced？1)Thecloningofplantsissimpleandrelativelyeasy.Itcanbedonebytakingcuttings(man-madecloning)orlettingtheplantproduceitsownrunners(naturalclon
4、ing).2)Thecloningofanimalsismorecomplicated.Itwasnotachieveduntil1996andisfullyexplainedinthefirstreading.3.Whatbenefitscanhumansgainfromcloning？Medicalcloningcanhelpcureseriousillnessesthatruinonesqualityoflife(suchasParkinsonsdiseaseorAlzheimersdisease).Itcanhelpinfertilepeoplehavebabies.4.Whatpro
5、blemsmayarisewhenhumansarecloned?Peoplemaywanttoclonethemselvessotheycanliveforever.Peoplemaywanttoclonedeadchildren.Peoplemaywanttoclonetheirfavouritepets.1.Whatisthemaintopic?_A.Cloning.B.Dollythesheep.C.Itwillleadustosomeplaces.2.Whatisthewritingstyle?_A.Expositive(说明性的说明性的).B.Descriptive.C.Argum
6、entative(议论性的议论性的).A A Learning tips:Thepassageiswrittenintheexpositive style.Thatistosaythetextisinthethirdpersonandinfactualandformallanguage.Itgivesdifferent points of viewanddoesnottrytopersuadethereadertomakeuphis/herownmind.3.Dollythesheep_.A.lookedexactlylikethesheepthatprovidestheegg.B.wasth
7、eexactcopyofthesheepthatprovidesthenucleus.C.lookedlikethesheepthatgavebirthtoit.D.hadthecharacteristicsofallthreesheep.B 4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethataclonedanimal_.A.usuallylivesaslongastheoriginaloneB.usuallyliveslongerthantheoriginaloneC.usuallydiesearlierthantheoriginaloneD.isusuallyashea
8、lthyastheoriginaloneC 5.Whichofthefollowingisnotanadvantageofcloning?_A.Cloningcanbeusedformedicalpurposes.B.Largequantitiesoffoodcanbeproducedbycloning.C.Cloningcanhelpkeepanimalsfrombecomingextinct.D.Famouspersonswhohavepassedawaycanbecloned.D 6.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?_A.Clonedpeoplecouldlivef
9、orever.B.Clonedpeoplemaybekilledatwillformedicalaid.C.Awomanwouldhavedifficultyrecognizingherrealhusband.D.Menwilldieoutbecauseawomancangivebirthtoababywithoutahusband.A 7.WhichstatementisNOTtrue?_A.Cloningissomethingthathasbeendevelopedquiterecently.B.Twinsthatlookexactlythesameareoriginallyfromthe
10、sameegg.C.Cloningisusedbygardenerstomakemoremoney.D.Animalcloningismuchmoredifficultthanplantcloning.A 8.ThecloningofDollythesheepsucceededbecause_.A.itseasiertocloneasheepthanotheranimalsB.thescientistsweredeterminedandworkedhardwithpatienceC.thescientistswererewardedandgotlotsofmoneyD.manyotheratt
11、emptstoclonemammalsfailedB9.Thelambisthecloneofthecellfromsheepbecause_.A.itprovidestheeggcellB.itgivesbirthtothelambC.itprovidesthenucleusD.itisafemalesheep10.Thesheepthatdonatedthesomaticcellmostprobablylived_years.A.3B.6C.9D.12CD 11.Themainideaofthetextis_A.animalcloningisveryvaluableandcanbenefi
12、ttheworld.B.animalcloningcouldbemisusedbybadpeoplesoitmustbeforbidden.C.animalcloningiswelldevelopedbecauseDollythesheepwasborn.D.animalcloningraisedargumentsandscientistsarenotsureaboutitsfuture.D12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaproblemordangerofcloningmentionedinthetext?_A.Evilleadersmaywanttoclonethem
13、selves.B.Animalclonesmaydeveloptheillnessofolderanimalsandmaydieyoungerthanthedonoranimals.C.Therearemoralobjectionstocloninghumanbeings.D.Toomuchcloningmayleadtothedestructionofthebalanceofnature.D 13.Wecaninferfromthelastthreeparagraphsthat_.A.thenormaldevelopmentofDollyhadnoeffectonthecloningofot
14、herspecies.B.Dollysseriousdiseaseandfinaldeathdisturbedthewholeworld.C.Dollysuccessfullyclonedanewlambwiththehelpofcloningscientists.D.therewereargumentsaboutanimalcloningandconcernsaboutthefutureofcloning.DCareful reading Themainideaofeachparagraph.1.Cloningis_2._2.Cloninghas_uses.3.The_ofDolly.4.T
15、he_ofclonginginsociety.5.The_towardscloning.awayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant.problemstwomajoreffectattitudesIthappensbothin_andin_.Theycanbeclonedby_and_.plantsanimalsthemselveshumansNatural cloneMan-made clonePara 1:The definition of cloning1.Howmanymajorusesdocloninghave?Firstly,comm
16、ercialSecondly,research2.Howmanyfemalesheepparticipateinthecloningofanewsheep?3.WhenwasthecloningofDollythesheepborn?3Para 2:The major uses and procedures of cloning1996AboutDollythesheepEncouragingnews:Dollydeveloped_.Disturbingnews:normallyDollylivedforsixandahalfyears,halfthelengthofthelifeoftheo
17、riginalone.Para 3:The problems of DollyTheword“controversial”inPara4probablymeans_.A.complicatedB.arguableC.important Para 4:The impact of DollyB Trueorfalse:1.PeoplefearedthatClonedHitlerswoulddoharmtotheworld.2.Alltheresearchintohumanbeingswillbeforbidden.3.Somecountrieswillusecloninginawiseway.Pa
18、ra 5:Peoples reaction to cloningManygovernmentsforbaderesearchintohumanbeings.T TF Hitler:anevilleader意大利狂人医生意大利狂人医生:安蒂诺里安蒂诺里冒死也要克隆人的冒死也要克隆人的科学家科学家:布瓦瑟利耶布瓦瑟利耶1 Read the passage and answer these questions.Comprehending 1.Whatarethetwomajorusesofcloning?Thefirstuseistoproducecommercialquantitiesofplan
19、ts.Thesecondistoresearchonnewplantsspeciesanddomedicalresearchonanimals.2.Whyisiteasiertomakecommercialplantclonesthananimalclones?Cloningplantsisstraightforward,butthecloningofanimalsisverycomplicated.3.Whatwasthefirstclonefromanadultanimal?Atwhatagedidthisclonedie?4.Whyiscloningcontroversialinsome
20、countries?ThefirstclonefromanadultanimalwasDollythesheep.Shediedin2003attheageof6andahalf.Cloningiscontroversialinsomecountriesformoralandreligiousreasons.ProblemsordangersofcloningAdvantagesofcloningAnimalsmaydeveloptheillnessesofolderanimals.2 Fill in the chart.Medicalcloningcouldproducecuresforse
21、riousillnessesinhumans.AnimalclonesmaydieyoungerthanthedonoranimalsEvilleadermaywanttoclonethemselves.Therearemoralobjectionstocloninghumanbeings.Cloningplantscanproduceplantsofsimilarqualityforsale.Cloningplantscanbeusefulforresearchonnewplantspecies.Cloningcanhelpsaveendangeredanimals.3Whatdoyouth
22、inkisthewriterspointofviewinthisreadingpassage?Isitinfavourofcloningoragainstit?Ithinkthewriteris_because_impartialhe/shedoesnotstateanypersonalopinionaboutcloning.1.Doyousupporttheideaofproducinghumanembryos(胚胎胚胎)formedicalpurposes?Why?2.Doyouthinkitagoodideatouseclonedhumansfororgan(器官器官)transplan
23、ts?Why?3.Doyouthinkaclonedhumanshouldhavehumanrights?Why?4.Doyouthinkclonedhumanswillhavethesametalentsastheoriginalones?Why?DiscussionAsacoinhastwosides,everythinghastwoaspects.First,ifthecloningisusedinacorrectwayitcanbringmanyconveniencestous.Suchas:curingseriousillnessesandbeingusedtoproducecomm
24、ercialquantitiesofplants.Ontheotherhand,ifthecloningisusedinanevilwayitcancausemuchtrouble:suchasmoralquestions.Practice activity:Debate Areyouinfavorofcloningoragainstcloning?Whatisyourpointofviewonit?1.Thishappensinplantswhengardenerstakewhentwinsidenticalinsexand1)“whengardenerstakecuttingsfromgr
25、owingplantstomakenewones,whentwinsidenticalin是两个时间状语从句。是两个时间状语从句。when引导的时间状语从句中从句的动作可以与引导的时间状语从句中从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作。主句的动作同时发生，也可以先于主句的动作。Dontbeafraidofaskingforhelp_itisneeded.(03,全国全国)A.unlessB.sinceC.althoughD.whenD 2)happenvi.occurbychance;takeplace(偶然地偶然地)发生发生;出现出现happentodohappentosb.
26、Ithappenedthathappeningn.事件事件;偶然发生的事偶然发生的事(常用复数常用复数)辨析辨析:happen,occur,takeplace与与comeabout四词都有四词都有“发生发生”之意之意,但有区别。但有区别。happen是一般用语是一般用语,词义较广词义较广,强调事情强调事情发生的偶然性发生的偶然性;occur用法较正式用法较正式,既可以指自然发生既可以指自然发生,也也可以指有意安排。可以指有意安排。碰巧碰巧(某人某人)发生什么事了发生什么事了碰巧碰巧他的原话是什么？他的原话是什么？Whatwerehisexactwords?我不知道房间的确切大小。我不知道房间的
27、确切大小。Idontknowtheexactsizeoftheroom.那恰恰是我期待的。那恰恰是我期待的。ThatsexactlywhatIexpected.你到得正是时候。你到得正是时候。Youvearrivedatexactlytherightmoment.exactlyspeaking/tobeexactThesetwodesignsarealmostidentical.Myopinionisidenticaltohis.Thispictureisidenticaltotheonemymotherhas.1)Whendidtheexplosion_?2)Importantelectio
28、ns_thisfall.3)Theconcertwill_nextSunday.4)Howdidthequarrel_?occurtakeplacecomeabouthappenUse the above words to fill in the blanks.takeplace一般指有计划一般指有计划,按事先安排的按事先安排的进行的含义。进行的含义。comeabout往往注重事情发生的原因往往注重事情发生的原因,常常与与how连用。连用。以上四组词均为不及物动词以上四组词均为不及物动词,无被动语态。无被动语态。identity n c/u 身份,本身,本体 1)The police are
29、trying to discover the of the killer.2)a false identity/ID card 3)She went through an identity crsis in her teens.自我认同的危机 c 相同,一致,统一性(with)1)an identity of interests 2)Fans have a close identity with their team.identify vt 确认,鉴定(身份,性质)1)The police identified the body as a suspected drug dealer.2)He
30、refused to identified himself.3)Please identify your own suitcase before it was put on the plane.identificationidenticalidentify with sb(和某人有一样的情感)和某人产生 共鸣;同情,谅解 1)I like the book because I could identify with some of the characters.identify sb with sth =consider sb to be.The public identify him wit
31、h the tough guy.identify sth with sth=consider sth to be.You should not identify happiness with wealthidentify sb/sth as.=show sb to be Sometimes the clothes people wear identify them as what class of persons.be identified with identify yourself with同情,支持2.Cloningplantsisstraightforward.straightforw
32、ardadj.简单的简单的,易懂的，易懂的，坦诚的坦诚的,坦率的坦率的straightforwardlyadv.率直地率直地,坦诚地坦诚地straightforwardnessn.率直率直1)Jackisrough,butalwaysstraightforward.2)Installingtheprogramisrelativelystraightforward.3)Sheadmiredhisstraightforwardness.Clone vt 克隆 n 克隆物/人Cloning adj 克隆的,研究克隆的,和克隆有关的 u克隆(过程)Cloned 被克隆的1)In many aspect
33、s natural_,such as identical twins,do not differ greatly from man-made ones.2)He was cast down when the procedure he had used to produce a mammal_ ended in failure.3)To do this he thought that he would have to _himself.4)Freddy was cast down and looked for some way to reform the_procedure to avoid t
34、his problem.5)Some _scientists hold the belief that_may lead to many important scientific breakthroughs.6)A fierce debate arises over the question whether human_experiments should be allowed.7)Scientists believe human_is just a matter of time but the assumption that human_have already been born hasn
35、t proved yet.clonecloneclonescloningcloningcloningcloningcloningclones3.Itisadifficulttasktoundertake.undertakevt.(undertook;undertaken)着手做着手做,从事从事,进行进行;担任担任,承担承担,答应答应,同意。同意。The procedure is difficult to undertake,of course.当然,这个过程很难实施。The scientist undertakes the experiment.科学家从事这项实验。I can undertak
36、e the responsibility for the changes.我愿意承担这些变革的责任。他许诺当我们的向导.He undertook to be our guide.完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1)Thelawyer_anewcase.那个律师接了一个新的案子。那个律师接了一个新的案子。2)Hewill_nextmonth(去旅行去旅行).3)He_.(承担一项新任务承担一项新任务)undertookundertookanewtaskundertakeajourneyJohnstudiedhardbeforetheexamination,anditpaidoff.HemadeanA
37、.Hishardworkpaidoffwhenhegotthepromotion.Illpayoffmydebtwiththischeck.拓展:pay back 偿还;报复 pay for 付的钱;为付出代价 pay down+sth.付款,付定钱 pay up 偿还(欠款)4.payoff是值得的是值得的,没有白费没有白费/偿还掉偿还掉,付掉付掉He paid the money down and took the goods.He paid$10 down and agreed to pay the rest in monthly installments.The landlord de
38、manded that the man pay up or go to jail.If you dont pay up,Ill take legal action.Ill pay him back for what he did to me.用介词用介词back,off,to,填空：填空：1)-Youreffortissuretopay_.-Thankyouforyourencouragement.2)Thesupermarket_whichhehadeverpaidavisit,wasburnttotheground.3)HowcanIpayyou_forallyourkindness?4)
39、Well,aftertheseyears,weveatlastpaid_allourdebts.offtobackoff1)containv.包含包含,含有含有2)neededtoproduceanewsheep为过去分词为过去分词短语作后置定语短语作后置定语,修饰其前面的名词修饰其前面的名词genes,构成动宾搭配关系。构成动宾搭配关系。5.Thenucleusofthiscellcontainsallthegenesneededtoproduceanewsheep.这个细胞的细胞核含有生产一只新的绵羊的这个细胞的细胞核含有生产一只新的绵羊的必需的基因。必需的基因。辨析辨析:contain与
40、与includecontain“包含包含,含有含有”,侧重于包含的内容或侧重于包含的内容或成分成分,“里面装有里面装有”;include“包括包括”,侧重范围或整体。侧重范围或整体。e.g.1)Whisky_alargepercentageofalcohol.2)Thebook_fortymaps,_threeofGreatBritain.containscontainsincluding6.ThenucleusfromsheepBandtheeggcellfromsheepAarejoinedusingelectricity.从绵羊从绵羊B中取出的细胞核与从绵羊中取出的细胞核与从绵羊A中取出
41、中取出的卵细胞用电流使之结合。的卵细胞用电流使之结合。1)usingelectricity为现在分词短语作方式状语。为现在分词短语作方式状语。2)联手联手,携手携手参加活动参加活动和某人一起做事和某人一起做事参军参军,连起来连起来joinhandsjoininsth./doingsthjoinsb.insth.joinuptakepartin指参加某项活动指参加某项活动,并以积极的态度并以积极的态度在所参加的活动中起作用；在所参加的活动中起作用；join“加入加入”团体或组织；团体或组织；joinin指参加活动和游戏；指参加活动和游戏；joinsb.insth.和某人一起做某事；和某人一起做某
42、事；attend参加会议参加会议(听演讲、听音乐、参加婚礼听演讲、听音乐、参加婚礼)辨析辨析:takepartin,join,joinin与与attend7.Thefactthatsheseemedtodevelopnormallywasveryencouraging.多莉看来是在正常地成长着多莉看来是在正常地成长着,这很令人鼓舞。这很令人鼓舞。“thatsheseemedtodevelopnormally”是同位语是同位语从句。从句。为了保持句子的平衡为了保持句子的平衡,同位语从句还可以放在动同位语从句还可以放在动词的后面。词的后面。如如:Soonwordcamethatwewon.8.Th
43、encamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.表示方位、时间或方式的副词或介词短语表示方位、时间或方式的副词或介词短语,如如then,now,here,there,up,down,in,away,off,out,intheroom,onthewall等，置于句首时，主谓等，置于句首时，主谓完全倒装完全倒装。Inthewindowappearedthehandwrittensign,“Forsale,Irishsheetsoffirstclassquality.Thelowpriceof$6.5”.Outrushedthechildr
44、en.Inthedarkforests_,somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.(05,辽宁辽宁)A.standmanylakesB.liemanylakesC.manylakeslieD.manylakesstandB disturbingadj.Thenewsfromthefrontisverydisturbing.来自前线的消息令人极为不安。来自前线的消息令人极为不安。disturbvt.扰乱扰乱,使不安使不安,弄乱弄乱;disturbedadj.被扰乱的被扰乱的,感到感到不安的；不安的；disturbingadj.令人不安的。令人不安的。如如
45、:aninterestingstory令人感兴趣的故事令人感兴趣的故事aninterestedlook感到兴趣的表情感到兴趣的表情surprisedpeople(感到感到)惊奇的人们惊奇的人们用用disturb,disturbing,disturbed填空。填空。1)Imvery_aboutAlice.2)Dont_thepapersonmydesk.3)Thiscountryisina_state.4)What_newsitis!5)Alightwind_thesurfaceofthewater.disturbeddisturbdisturbingdisturbingdisturbed9.C
46、loningScientistswerecastdowntofindthatDollysillnessweremoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal.克隆科学家克隆科学家沮丧地沮丧地发现多莉的病更容易发现多莉的病更容易发生发生在在年老的羊身上年老的羊身上(按理是不应当发生在按理是不应当发生在Dolly身上的身上的)castdown使沮丧使沮丧;毁掉毁掉(常用于被动语态或常用于被动语态或作表语作表语)不要这么沮丧不要这么沮丧,打起精神来！打起精神来！Dontbesocastdown.Justkeepupyourspirits.castaway丢弃丢弃castoff放弃
47、放弃;丢弃丢弃castout赶走赶走1)听到这个消息他很沮丧。听到这个消息他很沮丧。_2)发现事情的真相使他很沮丧。发现事情的真相使他很沮丧。_Hewascastdowntohearthenews.Findingoutthetruthmadehimcastdown.将下列句子译成英语。将下列句子译成英语。beappropriateto:适合于适合于的，与的，与相称的相称的besuitableforaparticularperson,condition,occasionorplace;fitting用与你的题目相称的体裁写。用与你的题目相称的体裁写。Writeinastyleappropriat
48、etoyoursubject.普通鞋不适于跑步。普通鞋不适于跑步。Ordinaryshoesarenotappropriatetorunning.10.altogether和和alltogether及及together1)altogetheradv.总共总共,完全地完全地,总之总之,总而言之总而言之Youoweme68RMBaltogether.Yourworkisaltogetherperfect.2)alltogether全部全部在同一地方或同一时间在同一地方或同一时间Canyouputyourbooksalltogetherinthisbox?3)togetheradv.在一起在一起,共
49、同地共同地Allhistroubleseemedtocometogether.Hesbad-tempered,selfishand_anunpopularman.A.thereforeB.altogetherC.otherwiseD.anyhowB altogetheradv.全部，总共全部，总共Howmuchwillitbealtogether?总而言之总而言之Altogether,ourachievementsaregreat.完全地完全地(completely)Hesnotaltogethersurewhattodo.alltogether与与altogether总共总共alltoget
50、her=altogetherTherewerealtogether/alltogether40studentsintheclass.alltogether一道一道,一起一起Theycamealltogether.altogether“完全地，彻底地，总而言之完全地，彻底地，总而言之”，用于否定句时是部分否定。用于否定句时是部分否定。Itsaltogetheroutofthequestion.Idontaltogetheragreewithyou.11.Ontheotherhand,Dollysappearanceraisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpac