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1、Pre-reading questions:1.Do you think ordinary persons like you and me can become heroes in certain circumstances?When something dangerous happens,what will first come to your mind?第1页/共38页Pre-reading questionsno need to be heroes,self-protection is more realisticdoubt with a single persons power,if
2、more people join,me toofight for the weak2.Whats the motivation behind most heroic behaviors?第2页/共38页Pre-reading questionsTo be remembered or honored as heroes(a less influential factor now)Unknown imperativesense of justice or readiness to help第3页/共38页New words and phraseselement/elementsblastcolli
3、sion/clash/crashrise to the occasionaccount forin the line of duty第4页/共38页New words and phrases casualtyanonymitystunningon behalf oflikewise第5页/共38页New words and phrases1.element/elements1)an element of surprise/danger/doubt etc.:a small amount of a quality or feeling.e.g.Theres always an element o
4、f risk in this kind of investment.2)a group of people who form part of a larger group,especially when the rest of the group does not approve of them.e.g.There is a strong right-wing element in the organization.第6页/共38页New words and phrases3)one part of a whole system,plan,piece of writing etc.e.g.Rh
5、yme is just one of the elements of his poetry.4)the elements:the weather,especially bad weathere.g.battling against the elements第7页/共38页New words and phrasesblast n.A.a sudden strong movement of wind or air.+ofe.g.A blast of cold air swept through the hut.B.an explosion,or the very strong movement o
6、f air that it causes.e.g.Thirty-six people died in the blast.C.a sudden very loud noise.e.g.a blast of rock musicThe guard gave a blast on his whistle and we were off.第8页/共38页New words and phrasesD.(at)full blast:as strongly,loudly,or fast as possible:e.g.The radiators are on full blast,but it was s
7、ill freezing.A radio going at full blastcollision/clash/crashcollision1)an accident in which two or more people or vehicles hit each other while moving in different directions第9页/共38页New words and phrases+with:The school bus was involved in a collision with a truck.head-on collision:(=between two ve
8、hicles moving directly towards each other.)2)a strong disagreement between two people or groups+between:Discrepancies between ideas and collisions between beliefs had to be reconciled and mediated.（可指具体事物的相撞，也可指抽象意义上的冲突）第10页/共38页New words and phrasesClashTroops clashed near the border.(if two armies
9、,or groups of people clash,they suddenly start fighting each other.)Democrats clashed with Republicans in a heated debate.(if two people or groups of people clash,they argue because their opinions and beliefs are very different.)第11页/共38页New words and phrasesThat purple clashes with your red shirt.(
10、if two colors or patterns clash,they look very bad together.)Unfortunately the concert clashes with Ann and Jims dinner party.(if two events clash,they happen at the same time in a way that is inconvenient.)The cymbals clashed.(if two pieces of metal clash or if you clash them,they make a loud ringi
11、ng sound.)第12页/共38页New words and phrasesNote:Clash is often used in preference to collision when two or more things come into contact with one another in such a manner that noises of crashing and jangling are more apparent than the destruction or ruin wrought:e.g.the clash of swords in battle（可指两件或两
12、件以上的事情因同时发生而造成时间上的相互冲突eg:There is a clash between two classes held at 3 p.m.on the same day.）第13页/共38页New words and phrasescrash n.a violent accident involving one or more vehicles:plane/car etc.crashe.g.41 people were killed in a plane crash in the Himalayas last week.a sudden loud noise made by so
13、mething falling,breaking etc.+of:Jessica heard the crash of breaking glass behind her.第14页/共38页New words and phrasesWith a crash:There was a loud crack and the branch came down with a crash.(哗啦声)rise to the occasion/challenge:to deal successfully with a difficult situation or probleme.g.Im sure that
14、 he will rise to the occasion when he realizes what is at stake.I had never thought much of Jack as a public speaker,but he certainly rose to the occasion.第15页/共38页New words and phrasesaccount for:1)to be the reason why something happens.e.g.recent pressure at work may account for his behavior.2)to
15、give a satisfactory explanation of why something has happened or why you did something.e.g.How do you account for the sudden disappearance of the murder weapon?第16页/共38页New words and phrases3)to make up a particular amount or part of something e.g.Imports from Japan accounted for 40%of the total.in
16、the line of dutyline:(C usually singular)the kind of work someone doesline of business:What line of business is he in?be in the building/retail etc.line第17页/共38页New words and phrasesin the line of duty:if you do something in the line of duty,you do it as part of your jobe.g.Dont thank me,madam-its a
17、ll in the line of duty.be in sbs line:to be the type of thing that someone is interested in or good ate.g.Im afraid cookery isnt really in my line.第18页/共38页New words and phrasescasualtyn.someone who is hurt or killed in an accident or battlee.g.First reports of the air crash tell of more than 50 cas
18、ualties.heavy casualties=a lot of people hurt or killed第19页/共38页New words and phrasesanonymity n.anonymous adj.1)unknown by namee.g.The benefactor wishes to remain anonymous.2)done,sent,or given by someone who does not want their name to be knowne.g.an anonymous donation of$5,000anonymous phone call
19、/letter etc.第20页/共38页New words and phrasesstunningadj.1)extremely attractive or beautifule.g.You look absolutely stunning in that dress.2)very surprising or shockinge.g.stunning news第21页/共38页New words and phraseson behalf of(also in behalf of)instead of someone,or as their representative:e.g.On beha
20、lf of everyone here,may I wish you a very happy retirement.The president can not be here today,so Im going to speak in his behalf.第22页/共38页New words and phraseslikewise1)(formal)in the same way;similarlye.g.I was up at dawn,and my host likewise.Nanny put on a shawl and told the girls to do likewise.
21、2)(spoken)used to return someones greeting or polite commente.g.“Youre always welcome at our house.”“likewise.”第23页/共38页New words and phrasesacknowledge:1).to accept or recognize sth.Eg:he is acknowledged to be the cleverest boy in the class.We acknowledged her to be/as the best singer in China.2).t
22、o accept the truth of sth.,to admit eg:He acknowledged that he had done wrong.She refuse to acknowledge her fault.第24页/共38页New words and phrases3).to express thanks for sth.(acknowledge applause/compliments/help)eg:She acknowledged the gift with a pleasant letter.The prize-winner stood up to acknowl
23、edge the cheers of the crowd.4).to show that one has noticed or recognized sb.by a smile,nod or greeting.第25页/共38页New words and phrasescommitment:Here:a strong sense of responsibility or loyaltyeg:We have a strong commitment to follow WTO mit v.sb/oneself to sth/to doing sth make it impossible for s
24、b.or oneself not to do sth.Eg.WTO commits China to giving national treatment to all foreign business people.第26页/共38页New words and phrasesbe committed to do sth:promise to do sth Eg:China is committed to lower its tariffs.go underto sink;to be drownedeg:In a fierce competition,these poorly managed e
25、nterprises will go under.(fail)In case of an economic recession,these old and weak people will be the first to go under.第27页/共38页New words and phrasesThe captain hoped that help would come before the ship went under.go at:to attack;to start to fightThose companies went at each other like hungry wolv
26、es.第28页/共38页New words and phrasesset sb against sb:to make sb start to fight or quarrel with another person,esp.a person with whom they had friendly relations before.Eg:There were outside forces who were trying to set one tribe against another.That was why there were endless civil wars in that count
27、ry.Im not going to set myself against my own classmates.第29页/共38页Distinction among synonyms:1.assure,ensure,insure,guaranteeassure vt.“使确信”，常用结构为assure sb.of sth.（深信不疑地对某人说或使人确信和放心），有时也作“保证给”，但不如ensure 常用。如：I assure you that there is no danger.I assure you of his ability to do the work.第30页/共38页Dist
28、inction among synonyms:ensure vt.“保证”，后接名词或that 从句，指把某事确定下来或对某事作出许诺。如：I cant ensure that he will be there in time.The medicine will ensure you a good nights sleep.insure vt.“保险”，指保险公司为生命、财产等作保险。如：Insurance companies will insure ships and their cargoes against loss at sea.I insured my house against f
29、ire.第31页/共38页Distinction among synonyms:guarantee vt.“保证”，通常指书面形式或负责地作出保证。如：The radio is guaranteed for half a year.Exercise1)I tried to that everybody understood the instructions.2)The doctor her that she would get well soon.3)Have you taken the precaution of your house against fire?4)They the comp
30、uter for there years.第32页/共38页Distinction among synonyms:Key1)ensure 2)assured 3)insuring 4)guarantee2.dumb,mute,silent,speechlessdumb a.“哑的”，主要指由于语言器官有缺陷而不能说话，有时还可指大脑反应迟钝，该词还可像speechless一样，指一时说不出话来。如：第33页/共38页Distinction among synonyms:I was struck dumb with horror.The child was dumb because of def
31、ormed vocal cords.mute a.“哑的”，指由于出生以后耳聋没有听过说话，而不能说话，还可指拒绝说话而沉默、不作声。如：The teacher tried to teach the mute children to speak in spite of their deafness.第34页/共38页Distinction among synonyms:silent a.“沉默的，（保持）安静的”。如：He was prudently silent on that matter.speechless a.“不会说话的，说不出话的”，主要用在因强烈的情绪影响而一时说不出话来或无话
32、可说。如：She was speechless with surprise.第35页/共38页Distinction among synonyms:Exercise1)A donkey is not but it is .2)Youd better be and listen to me.3)You seem very today;whats the matter?4)I was with rage.第36页/共38页Distinction among synonyms:Key1)mute,dumb 2)silent 3)silent 4)speechless第37页/共38页感谢您的观看！第38页/共38页