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1、To-infinitiveGERUND动词不定式的构成动词不定式的构成 语语 态态 时时 态态主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式 一般式一般式 进行式进行式 完成式完成式完成进行式完成进行式(not)to doto be done to be doing to have done to have been doneto have been doing注：不带注：不带to的不定式的不定式do动词不定式的用法动词不定式的用法 功功 能能 例例 句句做主语做主语 做宾语做宾语 做表语做表语 做补足语做补足语做定语做定语做状语做状语It is important for us to be honest.
2、I wish to be a doctor.What I need is to have a good job.I expect you to make great progress.Let me go please.He has a composition to write.There is little to go.She worked hard only to fail again.(结果结果)I come to say sorry to you.（目的）（目的）so as to动词不定式的复合结构动词不定式的复合结构(一一)for sb.to do/of sb.to do/enough
3、 to 用用 法法 例例 句句 做主语做主语 做宾语做宾语 做定语做定语 做表语做表语 做状语做状语 It is necessary for us to give blood now.It is foolish of you to do such a thing.Do you think its harmful for a child to watch TV all day?Please find something for them to do.This is for you to judge.The job is easy enough to do.(逻辑主语逻辑主语)动词不定式的复合结构
4、动词不定式的复合结构(二二)疑问词疑问词+to do 用用 法法 例例 句句 做主语做主语 做宾语做宾语 做表语做表语How to do the job is not clear.Its not clear how to do the job.I wonder where to go.The problem is when to start.注意一：主动语态中没注意一：主动语态中没 to,被动语态中加被动语态中加 to let,make,see,watch,feel,have hear,listen to,notice,look atsb./sth.do sth else let,made,s
5、een,watched,heard,listened to,noticed to dobeEg:The landowner made the peasant work day and night in the old days.The peasant was made to work by the landowner day and night in the old days.注意二：不定式的逻辑主语应与注意二：不定式的逻辑主语应与 句中的主语一致句中的主语一致To learn English well,2000 new words are not enough.()To learn Engl
6、ish well,we need far more than 2000 new words.()注意三：常用不定式做宾语的注意三：常用不定式做宾语的及物动词有哪些？及物动词有哪些？agree(同意同意)，begin，decide，learn，desire(希望希望)determine（决心）（决心）expect（期望）（期望）forget，hope，like，love，mean，offer（给予）（给予）plan，pretend（假装）（假装）promise（答应）（答应）refuse（拒绝）（拒绝）regret（遗憾）（遗憾）remember，try，wantPlease remember
7、to close the door when you leave.注意五：常用不定式做定语的注意五：常用不定式做定语的 名词有哪些？名词有哪些？ability,agreement,attempt,chance,claim,decision,determination,failure,freedom,hope,need,plan,opportunity,promise,refusal,way,以以及序数词及序数词the first,second 与与last,only,best等也常用不定式做定语。等也常用不定式做定语。He was the only one to realize the dan
8、ger.be+形容词形容词+to do中不定式中不定式部分常做状语部分常做状语 able afraid sure anxious pleased determined eager free glad ready sorry willing beto do 通常要求带不定式做宾语补足语通常要求带不定式做宾语补足语的动词有哪些？的动词有哪些？advise,allow,ask,cause,consider,expect,find,know,tell,think,want,wish,imagine,Sb.(not)to doI advised him not to smoke any more.I t
9、hink him to be a gifted musician.动名词的形式动名词的形式 语语 态态时时 态态 一般式一般式完成式完成式 主动式主动式 被动式被动式 studying having studiedbeing studiedhaving been studied动名词的用法动名词的用法句中成分句中成分 例例 句句主语主语表语表语宾语宾语定语定语Swimming is never as fast as running.Taking about it is no use.Our duty is programming the computer.My favourite sport
10、is skating.Would you mind waiting for a moment?I am sorry for being late.These dialogues may be used as listening materials.(=materials for listening)The reading room is a large round hall.(=room for reading)动名词的时态与语态动名词的时态与语态Besides reading,he is fond of collecting stamps.(主动主动)Was she upset at not
11、 being invited?(被动被动)I remember having read the article.(主动完成主动完成)After having been tested,the instrument was sent to the lab.(完成被动完成被动)The house wants repairing.(形式主动实质被动形式主动实质被动=to be repaired)My machine needs fixing.(=to be fixed)This question demands considering seriously.(=to be considered)动名词的
12、逻辑主语动名词的逻辑主语 I suggest his going there.（物主代词）（物主代词）His taking part in the work will help us a lot.(物主代词物主代词)We are looking forward to Bettys coming.(名词所有格名词所有格)Her not being able to come made him sad.(物主代词物主代词)只跟动名词作宾语的动词有哪些只跟动名词作宾语的动词有哪些？avoid(避免避免),deny(否认否认),dislike,enjoy,excuse,finish,keep,mind,
13、miss,practise(练练习习),suggest(建议建议),cant help,give up,insist on(坚持坚持)doing 既可跟动名词，又跟不定式既可跟动名词，又跟不定式的动词有哪些？的动词有哪些？attempt(试图试图),begin,continue,start,hate,prefer,love,like,learnto do/doing 意义差别不大。意义差别不大。forget,need,remember,regret,stop,try,wantto do/doing 意义差别很大意义差别很大 1.forget to do 忘了去做某事忘了去做某事 forget
14、doing 曾经做过某事忘了曾经做过某事忘了Dont forget (lock)the door before going to bed.Ill never forget (see)him for the first time.to lock seeing 2.need to do 需要去做某事需要去做某事 need doing/to be done 被动义被动义 I need (go)to see my parents at once.My house need (paint)at once.to go painting 3.remember to do 记得去做某事记得去做某事rememb
15、er doing 记得曾经做过某事记得曾经做过某事 I clearly remember (pay)him.I gave him$3.Do you remember (give)him the key?No,I dont.Ill go and do it now.payingto give4.regret to do 遗憾地做某事遗憾地做某事 regret doing 后悔做某事后悔做某事I regret (tell)him this.Hes so unreliable.I regret (inform)you that your application has been refused Yo
16、ull never regret (do)a kind action.tellingto informdoing 5.stop to do 停下来原来做的事而去做别的事停下来原来做的事而去做别的事 stop doing 停止或不再做某事停止或不再做某事 stop arguing and start working.I didnt know how to get there so I stopped to ask the way.Do stop (talk);I am trying to finish a letter.talking6.mean to do 意义是意义是,打算（本意）打算（本意
17、）mean doing 意味意味 Failing this entrance exam means (wait)for a year.I mean (go),and nothing is going to stop me.waiting to go 练习：练习：I dont want (disappoint)you.your windows want (clean).If you cant turn the key,try (put)some oil in the lock.He tried (explain)but she refused to listen.He tried (move)the rock but couldnt.He tried (use)another method but didnt succeed.to disappointcleaning puttingto explainto move using