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1、Unit 1 Past and presentGrammar现在完成时的基本构成现在完成时的基本构成：have/has+动词过去分词1.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthat1.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthatstartedinthepaststartedinthepastandandcontinuestothepresentcontinuestothepresent.表示表示过去开始持续到现在过去开始持续到现在的动作。的动作。MillieMillie在北京住了两年
2、了。在北京住了两年了。MilliehaslivedinBeijingfortwoyears.MilliehaslivedinBeijingfortwoyears.MillieMillie两年前搬到了北京。两年前搬到了北京。MilliemovedtoBeijingtwoyearsago.MilliemovedtoBeijingtwoyearsago.现在完成时的意义现在完成时的意义2.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthat2.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthathappe
3、nedinthepasthappenedinthepastandandhasaconnectionwiththepresenthasaconnectionwiththepresent.表示表示发生在过去、对现在有影响发生在过去、对现在有影响的动作。的动作。Eddie_HoboEddie_Hobosfoodjustnow.sfoodjustnow.Eddie_just_HoboEddie_just_Hobosfood.sfood.(EddieatethefoodandnowHobohasnothingtoeat.)(EddieatethefoodandnowHobohasnothingtoeat
4、.)PastPastPresentPresentateatehaseatenhaseaten现在完成时的意义现在完成时的意义3.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkabout3.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkabouthowmanyhowmanytimestimesanactionhashappenedanactionhashappenedtillnowtillnow.表示表示到目前为止到目前为止一个动作一个动作发生（重复）的次数发生（重复）的次数。BillvisitedAustraliain2002and2020.Billvi
5、sitedAustraliain2002and2020.BillhasbeentoAustraliatwice.BillhasbeentoAustraliatwice.PastPastPresentPresent现在完成时的意义现在完成时的意义1 1）过去开始过去开始一直延续到现在一直延续到现在的动作或状态。的动作或状态。2 2）发生在过去，发生在过去，对现在有影响对现在有影响的动作。的动作。3 3）到目前为止，事情发生的次数到目前为止，事情发生的次数。YouhavestudiedinthisschoolYouhavestudiedinthisschoolsince2014since2014.
6、Whohascleanedthewindow?ItWhohascleanedthewindow?Itsreallycleansreallyclean.MyunclehasbeentoFrancetwice.MyunclehasbeentoFrancetwice.现在完成时的意义现在完成时的意义现在完成时的不同句式现在完成时的不同句式TheyhavebeentoShanghaithreetimes.TheyhavebeentoShanghaithreetimes.HavetheybeentoShanghaithreetimes?HavetheybeentoShanghaithreetimes?Y
7、es,theyhave./No,theyhavenYes,theyhave./No,theyhavent t.TheyhaveTheyhaven nt tbeentoShanghaithreebeentoShanghaithreetimes.times.HowmanytimeshavetheybeentoShanghai?HowmanytimeshavetheybeentoShanghai?肯：肯：否：否：一般疑问：一般疑问：特殊疑问：特殊疑问：Wehavealreadyfinishedourhomework.Wehavealreadyfinishedourhomework.我们已经完成作业了
8、。我们已经完成作业了。句中句中/句末句末Theyhaventfinishedtheirhomeworkyet.Theyhaventfinishedtheirhomeworkyet.他们还没有完成作业。句末他们还没有完成作业。句末1.1.alreadyalready 已经已经肯定句肯定句yetyet还，仍还，仍 否定句否定句/疑问句疑问句AdverbsoftimeAdverbsoftime时间状语时间状语HaveyouHaveyouevereverwatchedtheWorldCup?watchedtheWorldCup?你曾经看过世界杯吗你曾经看过世界杯吗?2.2.everever 曾经曾经肯
9、定句肯定句/疑问句疑问句 nevernever 从未从未 否定句否定句 AdverbsoftimeAdverbsoftime时间状语时间状语IhaveIhaveneverneverwatchedtheWorldCup.watchedtheWorldCup.我从未看过世界杯。我从未看过世界杯。MyfatherhaslivedhereMyfatherhaslivedherefor20yearsfor20years.3.3.sincesince 自从自从 +过去的时间点过去的时间点/一般过去时从句一般过去时从句 forfor 长达长达+一段时间一段时间我爸爸在这住了二十年了我爸爸在这住了二十年了。M
10、yfatherhaslivedhereMyfatherhaslivedheresince20yearsagosince20yearsago.自爸爸到苏州以来自爸爸到苏州以来,就一直住在这儿。就一直住在这儿。MyfatherhaslivedhereMyfatherhaslivedheresincehecametoSuzhousincehecametoSuzhou.AdverbsoftimeAdverbsoftime时间状语时间状语sinceorfor?sinceorfor?WehavenWehaventseeneachother_alongtime.tseeneachother_alongtim
11、e.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty_10yearsago.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty_10yearsago.Thefilmhasbeenon_20minutes.Thefilmhasbeenon_20minutes.MrGreenhasworkedhere_hecametoChina.MrGreenhasworkedhere_hecametoChina.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead_severalyears.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead_severalyears.Wehaveknowneacho
12、ther_wemetlasttime.Wehaveknowneachother_wemetlasttime.forforsincesinceforforsincesinceforforsincesinceAdverbsoftimeAdverbsoftime时间状语时间状语4.4.justjust刚刚刚刚,刚才刚才 beforebefore以前以前 recentlyrecently最近最近,近来近来 uptonow/sofaruptonow/sofar 到现在为止到现在为止,迄今为止迄今为止in/during/overthepast/lastfewyearsin/during/overthepa
13、st/lastfewyears在过去的几年里在过去的几年里 once/twice/threetimes/howmanytimesonce/twice/threetimes/howmanytimes AdverbsoftimeAdverbsoftime时间状语时间状语TipsTips：1)PresentPerfectTense1)PresentPerfectTense不能与表示过去的时间不能与表示过去的时间状语连用状语连用,如：如：yesterday,lastweek,threeyearsyesterday,lastweek,threeyearsago,ago,in1998in1998等等;2)
14、2)不能与不能与whenwhen连用。连用。AdverbsoftimeAdverbsoftime时间状语时间状语规则动词1.一般的动词后面直接加edfinish-finishedwork-worked2.以不发音的e结尾的动词，直接加dchange-changedlike-liked过去分词的构成过去分词的构成规则动词3.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加edcarry-carriedtry-tried4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加edstop-stoppeddrop-dropped过去分词的构成过去分词的构成不规则动词的过去分词变化需特别记忆不规则动
15、词的过去分词变化需特别记忆(p122-123)(p122-123)2.ABB型：bring-brought-broughtsay-said-said3.ABA型：come-camecomerun-ran-run4.ABC型：am/is-was-beenare-were-beendo/does-did-donegrow-grew-grown1.AAA型：cut-cut-cutcost-cost-cost过去分词的构成过去分词的构成1.borrow_7.send_1.borrow_7.send_2.hope_8.watch_2.hope_8.watch_3.make_9.say_3.make_9.
16、say_4.get_10.grow_4.get_10.grow_5.plan_11.hit_5.plan_11.hit_6.cry_12.enjoy_6.cry_12.enjoy_borrowedborrowedhopedhopedmademadegotgotplannedplannedcriedcriedsentsentwatchedwatchedsaidsaidgrowngrownhithitenjoyedenjoyedPartAPartAMr.Wuwantsthestydentstopractiseusingthepresentperfecttense.Helpthemwritethep
17、astparticiplesoftheverbsbelow.1.They_(finish)theirhomeworkalready.1.They_(finish)theirhomeworkalready.2.John_never_(visit)China.2.John_never_(visit)China.3.MrLi_(repair)overtenbicycles3.MrLi_(repair)overtenbicyclessinceMonday.sinceMonday.4.We_(notsee)eachotherforyears.4.We_(notsee)eachotherforyears.
18、5.Myparents_(notcome)backyet.5.Myparents_(notcome)backyet.6.Ourteacher_(teach)usalotaboutthe6.Ourteacher_(teach)usalotaboutthehistoryofChina.historyofChina.havefinishedhavefinishedhasvisitedhasvisitedhasrepairedhasrepairedhavenhaventseentseenhavenhaventcometcomehastaughthastaughtPartBPartBMr.Wuaskst
19、hestudentstocompletethesentencesbelowusingthepresentperfecttense.Helpthemcompletethesentences.M:_you_(see)anyfilmsrecently,Sandy?M:_you_(see)anyfilmsrecently,Sandy?S:No,I_.Whataboutyou?S:No,I_.Whataboutyou?M:Yes,I_(see)onelastSaturday.M:Yes,I_(see)onelastSaturday.S:Whatsitabout?S:Whatsitabout?M:Itsa
20、boutthechangesinBeijingoverthepastcentury.FromM:ItsaboutthechangesinBeijingoverthepastcentury.Fromthisfilm,I_(learn)moreaboutBeijingsandthisfilm,I_(learn)moreaboutBeijingsandpastandpresent.pastandpresent.S:Oh,IthinkI_(hear)aboutthefilm.DoyouplantoS:Oh,IthinkI_(hear)aboutthefilm.Doyouplantoseeitagain
21、?seeitagain?M:Yes,Idliketo.M:Yes,Idliketo.HaveHaveseenseenhavenhavent tsawsawhavehave learnt/edlearnt/edhaveheardhaveheardPartCPartCMillieandSandyaretalkingaboutafilmaboutthehistoryofBeijing.CompletetheirconversationwiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinBrackets.1._youever_withagroup?Yes,Ihave.A.Did,studyB
22、.Are,studyingC.Were,studyingD.Have,studied2.Lucy,_you_yourticket?Notyet.A.did;findB.have;foundC.has;foundD.do;find3.Mygrandmother_alotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.A.seesB.canseeC.willsee D.hasseen4.Myauntisawriter.She_morethantenbookssince1980.A.writesB.wroteC.haswrittenD.willwriteExercisesExe
23、rcises5.Whywontyougotothemoviewithme,Gina?BecauseI_ittwice.A.seeB.haveseenC.sawD.willsee6.Chinadevelopssofast.Thatstrue.It_alotalready.A.changesB.changedC.willchangeD.haschanged7.Idliketointroducemybestfriendtoyou,Peter.Thankyou,Lucy.Butwe_already.A.meetB.metC.willmeetD.havemet8.Since2000,Jingmenhasbecomeanewcity.Everything_.A.ischangedB.waschangedC.hadchangedD.haschangedThankyouThankyou