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1、虚拟语气虚拟语气英语中的语气有三种:陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气 其中虚拟语气是指把动作当作一种只存在于讲话人想象中的“假设”或“推测”而不是当作客观事实。它表达的是怀疑、忧虑、推测、假设、想象和祝愿等。1、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用条件从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反did / (be动词用were)would+could+should+might+动词原形与过去事实相反had donewould+could+should+might+have done与将来事实相反动词过去式 / should+动词原形 / were to dowould+could+should+might+动
2、词原形2、虚拟语气在其他句式中的应用（1）在“It is desired / suggested / proposed / necessary / important / strange / natural / a pity+that.”句式中,从句中的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”结构。如:It is important that we (should) protect the forest well.（2） 表示命今或要求(demand, order, require, command, desire)、建议(suggest, advise, recommend)、坚持(insi
3、st)等动词后的从句中谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”结构。如:He commands that I (should) arrive at the airport within 30 minutes.My suggestion is that we (should) go to the hospital at once.注意当 suggest 表示“暗示,表明”,insist表示“坚持说”时,它们后面所接的宾语从句用陈述语气。如:His smile suggested that he did well in the test.（3） 动词 wish后的宾语从句中谓语动词有三种形式: 当
4、表示与现在事实相反时,谓语动词用动词的过去式(be 用 were); 当表示与过去事实相反时,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”或“would/could+have+过去分词”； 当表示与将来事实可能相反时,谓语动词用“would/could/should/might+动词原形”；如:wish I had worked harder when I was a student.（4） 在 as/if/though引导的表语从句或状语从句中，有时可用虚拟语气表示不真实的情况，其谓语动词形式与wish相同。如:He teaches his sister English as if he were a t
5、eacher.（5） 在句型“It is (high/about) time that.”中,从句的谓语动词用过去式“ should+动词原形”(should不能省略)。如:It is high time that we should leave for the train station.（6） 在if only(要是.就好了)和 would rather 后面的从句中,若表示现在没有实现愿望,谓语动词用一般过去时;若表示过去未实现的愿望,谓语动词用过去完成时。如:If only I were a tree.3.虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的应用有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不总是出现 if引
6、导的条件句,而是隐含在上下文中或一些词上(如连词、介词 without/with或介词短语 but for等),这样的句子称为含蓄条件句。如:But for their help, we could not get over the difficulties.I am really very busy, otherwise I would certainly go there with you.4.虚拟语气在错综时间条件句中的应用当虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致时,主句和从句的谓语动词要根据上下文的意思和各自所指的时间采用不同的虚拟语气形式。如:If I were you.I would have taken her advice.学科网（北京）股份有限公司