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1、2022届高考英语精创预测卷全国乙卷学校：姓名：班级：考号：、阅读理解I.The vast Caspian Sea,though sometimes classed as a lake,is the largest landlocked body of water in the world.The gateway between Europe and Asia,it is bordered by Iran to the south,Azerbaijan and Russia to the west and Tur灼nenistanto the east,while Kazakhstas Man
2、gystau region lies to the northeast.Many visitors crowd to Caspian Sea every year to experience its beauty FISHING Fishing is a popular pastime and important industry throughout the waters of the Caspian Sea.From the shores ofMangystau in Kazakhstan,it is possible to rent fishing boats or join fishi
3、ng tours to spend a day fishing on the water.SAILING The Caspian Sea is filled with boats,ferries and ships.It is a popular way to travel from other major port cities such as Baku in Azerbaijan to Aktau,or down the mighty Volga Canal.Meanwhile,on a smaller scale,boats can be rented from Aktau for a
4、day on the water.WATERSPORTS The beaches of Mangystau,lapped by the waters of the Caspian Sea,are the jumping off points for many popular water sports.In the summer months especially,visitors enjoy sunbathing and taking a refreshing dip,while more active holidaymakers can windsurf and parasail to th
5、eir heartsdelight.I.How many countries are there circling around the Caspian sea?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.2.What can you do if you want to fish on the Caspian Sea?A.Buy your own boat.C.Rent a fishing boat.B.Employ a local fisher.D.Buy fish on the boat.3.What will you do if you are an adventurous person
6、?A.Go swimming.B.Go diving.C.Go sunbathing.D.Six.D.Go windsurfmg.2.Medical errors(ME)are among the most important patient safety challenges facing hospitals and healthcare systems nowadays.Since the Institute of Medicine(IOM)report in 1999 To Err is Human,an increasing number of studies have shown h
7、ow common and l1E are,especially in hospital medicine.With this,healthcare leaders invested time and resources toward identifying and reducing ME.A medical error is defined as an incidence when there is an omission or a mistake in planning or execution that leads or could lead to unintended result.W
8、hile the majority of l1E do not lead to an apparent adverse effect,a significant number of patients either suffer a permanent injury or death from ME every year in the United States and around the world as a result of those etTors.Medical errors are the third leading cause of death in the United Sta
9、tes after heart disease and cancer.It is estimated that more than 200,000 patients die annually in the United States from l1E.Furthermore,in addition to the hann inflicted on patients,medical errors are associated with an increased healthcare cost.In a 2008 report,it was estimated that medical error
10、s cost the healthcare system in the United States more than 17 billion dollars annually.The first step in combating ME and improving patient safety is to study the different types of medical errors to better understand why medical errors happen.The causes,types,and rates of ME can vary from one inst
11、itt.1tion to the other and change over time,especially as we implement changes in our healthcare delivery.Therefore,it is important to capture,track and analyze all medical errors as possible at the institutional level.As most of the nonmedication medical errors are hard to capture electronically an
12、d manual chart review is both unmanageable and time consuming,self-reporting is still the most reliable approach to capturing ME.Unfortt.mately,underreporting of ME is a commonly reported challenge even when healthcare institutions mandated reporting.While there is no agreement on what defines under
13、reporting of ME,it con1D1only refers to the lack of reports on significant ME events.I.What does the underlined word deleterious probably mean in the first paragraph?A.Important.B.Useful C.Ham1ful.D.Adequate.2.What is the worst effect of ME?A.Annual patients deaths.B.Heart disease and cancer.C.Incre
14、asing healthcare cost.D.Destruction of healthcare system.3.What is the first step to fight against ME to improve the patient security?A.To do research on the different types of ME.B.To figure out the reason why ME happens.C.To identify different institutions over time.D.To analyze the changes in the
15、 health delivery 4.Why is self-reporting still the most reliable way to capture ME?A.Because less typical medication ME events recorded.B.Because the patients are willing to offer the report of ME.C.Because healthcare institution gives the authority to the patients.D.Because there is difficulty in e
16、lectronic capture as well as manual inefficiency.3.People often discuss the dangers of too much stress,but lately a very different view of stress is gaining popularity:this view of stress,held by members of the pos山vestress movement,argues that some stress might actually be beneficial.The positive s
17、tress movement is made up of people like Zachary Rapp who are looking for an edge in a competitive world.He wakes up most mornings at dawn,goes for a run,sips black coffee while looking through emails,and then steps into a freezing cold shower.This is a routine designed to reduce the stress of runni
18、ng simultaneously（同步地）threedifferent health and biotechnology companies for 18 hours a day.In add山onto running and freezing showers,Rapp also uses ice baths,hot yoga,and unconventional eating practices,milk,sugar,and various other foods high in carbohydrates Although Rapps practices may sound extrem
19、e,he is part of a growing movement,consisting largely of tech industry workers who claim that such methods will help them live better and longer.Inspired by influential figures in different fields,including entertainers,athletes,entrepreneurs and scientists,positive stress practitioners seek out som
20、e combination of extreme temperatures,restrictive diets,punishing exercise routines and general discomfort.They believe these extreme practices put stress on their bodies,which actually keep them balanced.For them,the difference between day-to-day stress,like the kind we feel when moving apartn1ents
21、,and positive stress is that the latter involves pushing their bodies to extremes,forcing them to build up a tolerance and finally making them feel less stress from work.But it is important to note that not everyone agrees with these practitioners;indeed,some medical professionals argue that positiv
22、e stress is not for everyone,and that it might even be dangerous for people who are unhealthy or older.1.What do we learn about followers of the positive stress movement?A.They are usually quite sensitive to different types of stress.B.Tbey hold a different view on stress from the popular one.C.They
23、 get much pleasure from living a very busy life.D.They gain a competitive edge by enjoying good health.2.What does the underlined word eliminating mean?A.Rem ving.B.Hating.C.Drinking.3.Why do positive stress practitioners feel balanced?D.Choosing.A.Because they live better and longer.C.Because they
24、forget day-to-day stress.B.Because they suffer various stress.D.Because they become more tolerant of stress.4.What is the writers attitude toward the positive stress movement?.Conservative.A.Supportive.B.Tolerant.C.Objective.D.C 4.As of 2020,the worlds biggest lithium-ion（悝离子）batteryis hooked up to
25、the Southern California power grid and can provide 250 million watts of power,or enough to power about 250,000 homes.But its actually not the biggest batte1-y in the world:these lakes are.Waithow can a pair of lakes be a battery?To answer that question,it helps to define a battery:its simply somethi
26、l1g that stores energy and releases it on demand.The Ii血um-ionbatteries that power our phones,laptops,and cars are just one type.They store energy in lithium-ions How do the two lakes store and release energy?First,one is 300 meters higher than the other.Electricity power pumps that move billions of
27、 liters of water from the lower lake to the higher one.This stores the energy by giving the water extra gravitational potential energy.Then,when theres high demand for electricity,valves（阀门）open,releasirig the stored energy by letting water flow downhill to power 6 giant rurbines that can generate 3
28、 billion watts of power for 10 hours.Unforrunately,neither of the giant batteries weve talked about so far is big enough to power multiple cities.The two lakes setl1p requires specific geography,takes up a lot of land,and has high upfront costs to build.The giant lithium-ion battery in California ca
29、n power about 250,000 homes,yes,but only for an hour.Lithium-ion batteries also require certain heavy metals to make.These resources are limited,and mining them causes envirorunental damage.Inventors all over the world are rising to the challenge of making batteries that can meet our needs-many of t
30、hem even weirder than the two lakes.I.Why is the worlds biggest lithium-ion battery mentioned in Paragraph I?A.To make a comparison.C.To stress its importance.B.To introduce the topic.D.To declare a fact.2.Which statement is true according to the passage?A.With the help of the pumps,the two lakes st
31、ore energy B.The water flow by itself to release the stored energy.C.The two lakes setup is able to power multiple cities.D.Lithium-ion batteries are environmentally friendly.3.What will most probably be talked about in the following paragraph?A.Inventorsworries.C.Stranger batteries.4.Which is the b
32、est title for the passage?A.Battery Inventors Face New Challenges.B.Inventorsefforts.D.New challenges.B.The Worlds Biggest Battery Looks Nothing Like a Battery C.Giant Batteries Fail to Meet Our Needs.D.Newly-invented Batteries.二、七选五5根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You are busy in your kitc
33、hen and your lovely kid is painting with her flllgers on the幻tchentable.Trying to be encouraging,you ask her,What are you making with this mix of colors?and she shrugs（耸肩）She just loves the way it feels when she pours paint on paper,and even the soft sound a brush makes as it crosses the page.Most p
34、reschoolers arent self-conscious about what theyre doing or focused on creating a finished product.That can be hard for parents to accept.-It allows kids to enjoy the process of creation and they will be better off in the long run if theyre allowed just to be in the moment and express themselves.Dev
35、eloping creativity wont just increase your childs chances of becoming the next Picasso.熔）As kids use a paintbrush,their line motor skills improve.By counting pieces and colors,they learn the basics of math.When children experiment with materials,they dive in science.Most important perhaps,when kids
36、feel good while they are creating,art helps boost self-confidence _ Set up an art space where your妞dcan be free to experiment.Throw a drop cloth or a newspaper on top of your kitchen table or in the garage.lfweather permits,let kids paint outside.Avoid giving directions.Dont tell your kids what to m
37、ake or how to make it.Instead of saying,Paint a rainbow,encourage her to experiment with mixing colors using different types of brushes and paper.Wl1en a child finishes a piece,dont suggest additions or changes.A.So just prepare for a mess.B.Drawing when young is very important.C.She actually doesnt
38、 know it.D.But letting go can harvest big rewards E.So find a tutor for them.F.Youre also helping him develop mentally,socially,and emotionally.G.Just show your appreciation of the work.三、完形填空(20空）6阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It started when I was in third grade.At that time,I heard
39、that ifl played the French horn,I could go to any _l_ I wanted.I told the band teacher about my new _1_ for the French horn,but _l_ a trumpet（小号）inmy hand.The teacher advised me to_ with a simpler instrument.I played trumpet for five years,_i_ stopped before high school,when I would have_ to French
40、horn.The band would have_ with soccer,which was going to be my college sport.So I the French horn for soccer and made the junior school team as a sophomore（二年级学生）ButI9 that I would never make the school team senior year,so soccer wasnt going to get me into college.Then,r learned that l could _lQ_ a
41、rower（划艇运动员）andget admitted to any college I wanted.I gave up soccer and _lL_ a rowing crew（划艇队）Finally,several coaches at top colleges were _.L.in admitting me.To their _jJ_,I decided that I小dntwant to make a four-year promise to a(n)_ 旦thatI wasnt sure I would keep.So I didnt use it to get into co
42、llege.It seems that I gave up all ofmy get-into-college _lL.,but what I got was amazing high school _ 囥lnadd山on,I could talk about them _lL_ throughout the college application process.And one ofmy high school passions,being an EMC volunteer,has actually _lL,and today I am still an EMI on my college
43、campus,which I guess is where I have been-1.2_ all along.High school should not be viewed as just an entrance to college;it should be its own 20 I.A.college B.club C.team D.class 2.A.basis B.search C.love D.support 3.A.got rid of B.ended up with C.put up with D.made use of 4.A.mix B.vary C.start D.c
44、ompare 5.A.or B.nor C.thus D.but 6.A.led B.agreed C.referred D.changed 7.A.conflicted B.connected C.begun D.settled 8.A.took up B.picked up C.fixed up D.gave up 9.A.thought B.required C.remembered D.expected IO.A.help B.visit C.become D.train 11.A.observed B.ignored C.joined D.created 12.A.successfu
45、l B.interested C.careful D.skilled 13.A.delight B.surprise C.relief 0.admiration 14.A.athlete B.judge C.partner D.coach 15.A.reasons B.plans C.dreams D.scholarships 16.A.experiences B.scores C.housework D.ceremonies 17.A.won-iedly B.deliberately C.eagerly D.confidently I 8.A.appeared B.paused C.cont
46、inued D.delayed 19.A.escaping B.heading C.staring D.waiting 20.A.journey B.power C.response D.introduction 四、语法填空7阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Located in southwest Chinas Sichuan Province,Jiuzhaigou Valley is famous CD_ its greenish-blue lakes,beautiful waterfalls,color和Iforests,snow-capped peaks
47、 _ the local Tibetan ethnic culture.Jiuzhaigou got _(it)name because there are nine Tibetan villages in the valley.For centuries Tibetan people have lived in the region,but it was not officially discovered by the government until 1972 It _(declare)a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1992.The valley is t
48、he (nature)habitat for two of Chinas most treasurable endangered species the giant panda and the Sidman takin（羚牛）Youare likely to see other _(creature)including birds,insects and fish.Over 80 percent of the scenic area is covered by forests.In the lower regions,there are plenty of grasses and reeds.
49、These are quickly replaced by bamboo forests(J)_ in turn give way to conifers（针叶树）at the upper regions.Beyond them,snow-capped peaks of the Minshan Mountains are also very -(attract).The most comfortable climate _(visit)Jiuzhaigou is in July.Umbrellas and wet weather clothing,as well as sun protecti
50、on cream and hats are)_(high)recommended as the weather is often changing.五、短文改错8假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(/)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改在错的词下划一横线并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处多者（从第11处起）不计分。Here is good news for you which