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1、02：词汇填空-2022年上海中考模拟押题试卷精选分项荟萃第一套Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once （将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次）A. flying B. colourful C. buy D. chose E. preventsOne day, a father and his son went to a kite flying festival. When they ar
2、rived, there were already many adults and their children playing in the park. When the son saw the sky filled with 16. kites in different shapes, he was excited and wanted to get one, too. His father agreed. So they went to a kite shop and 17. a beautiful one.With the string （线）in hand, the son star
3、ted 18. the kite. Soon, the kite was high up in the sky. After a while, the son said, “Father, it seems that the string 19. the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, it will be free and fly even higher. Can you cut it?” The father didnt reply, but just cut the string off the reel （线轴）.Suddenly, the
4、 kite began to go higher, which made the son much happier.A. stronger B. stay C. surprise D. slowly E. satisfactionHowever, to his 20., the kite was coming down 21. . They waited for quite some time, it fell onto the grass. The son felt upset and asked, “I thought that after cutting the string, the
5、kite would fly higher. Why did it fall down?”The father smiled and said, “The role of the string was not stopping the kite from flying higher, but helping it 22. in the sky because the kite itself cant fly up. By using the string, you help the kite go up the right direction. When you cut the string,
6、 it could not support the kite.In our life, we may sometimes feel like there are certain things that are holding us back and stopping us from growing. But in fact, these might be the things that support us most. We can really grow up and become 23. by realizing the importance of these things.16. B 1
7、7. D 18. A 19. E 20. C 21. D 22. B 23. A【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一位父亲和儿子去参加风筝节，在商店给儿子买了一个风筝，陪儿子放 风筝的故事，从而告诉我们:在我们的生活中，我们有时会觉得有些事情阻碍了我们的发展， 阻止了我们的成长。但事实上，这些可能是最支持我们的事情。通过认识到这些事情的重要 性，我们可以真正成长并变得更强。16.句意：当儿子看到天空中布满了各种形状的彩色风筝时，他很兴奋，也想得到一个。根据“the sky filled with.kites in different shapes”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“彩色的”风筝，故选B。17
8、.句意：所以他们去了风筝店，选择了一个漂亮的风筝。根据wanted to get one, too. His father agreed. So they went to a kite shop and.a beautiful one.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是选择了 一个漂亮的风筝，故选D。18.句意：儿子手里拿着风筝线，开始放风筝。根据With the string （线）in hand, the son started.the kite.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“开始放风筝“，fly a/the kite,故选A。19.句意：爸爸，似乎绳子阻止风筝飞得更高。根据“the strin
9、g. the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, it will be free and fly even higher.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“绳子阻止了“风筝飞的更高, 故选E。20.句意：然而，令他吃惊的是，风筝正慢慢地降落下来。根据I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly higher.”以及“it fell onto the grass.”及备选词汇可知，儿子原本以为没有线风 筝会飞的更高，所以把线剪掉了，但是没有想到的是风筝却掉下来了，这是令他惊讶的，to
10、his surprise”令他惊讶的是“，故选Co21.句意：然而，令他吃惊的是，风筝正慢慢地降落下来。tRiSt4They waited for quite some time, it同1 onto the grass.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是风筝慢慢地掉下来了，故选D。22.句意:绳子的作用不是阻止风筝飞得更高，而是帮助它留在空中，因为风筝本身不能飞起来。 根据The role of the string was not stopping the kite from flying higher, but helping it.in the sky because the kite it
11、self cant fly up.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是绳子帮助风筝停留在空中， 故选Bo23.句意：通过认识到这些事情的重要性，我们可以真正成长并变得更强。根据“We can really grow up and become.by realizing the importance of these things.”及备选词汇可知,此处指的是 我们会变得更强，故选A。第二套短文选词填空(8分)A. encouraged B. effective C. still D. survey E. experimentIt is often said that the best way to s
12、olve a hard problem is to sleep on it. Is it 32? Anew study shows it is.The scientists at Northwestern University, US, found that sleeping is useful in both strengthening and reorganizing memory. This can help you solve problems.The scientists did a(n) 33 on 57 university students. They asked studen
13、ts to solve difficult puzzles on the first day. Students worked on each puzzle while listening to different music. The scientists 34 students to remember the music they heard while solving the puzzles. Finally, there were 35 six puzzles that the students hadnt solved.A. active B. proof C. continued
14、D. linked E. comfortablyThe students then went back home to sleep. They were given special sleep-observing and music boxes. The music boxes played music 36 with the unsolved puzzles while the students fell asleep. At the moment they were able to dream and reorganize their memories.The next morning,
15、the students 37 to try the unsolved puzzles. The scientists found percent more students could solve them. The music made the memories they had of the puzzles while they were sleeping 38. It allowed them to Vork on the puzzles in their sleep.In an earlier time, studies of both people and animals have
16、 shown that sleep can not only strengthen memory, but also help us organize and send information. This study offers more39 of these findings. So next time when you face a difficult problem, sleep on it. Play some music to make yourself think of the problem.【答案】32. B 33. E 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C 38.
17、 A 39. B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家做了一个实验证明了考虑一晚问题更有利于解 决问题。32.句意：它有效吗？根据空前的It is often said that the best way to solve a hard problem is to sleep on it.”以及备选项可知，此处是对前面提出的想法提问是否有用。故选B。33.句意：科学家们对57名大学生做了一个实验。根据下文描述以及备选项可知，此处指做了 一个实验。do an experiment做了一个实验，固定搭配。故选E。34.句意：科学家们鼓励学生们在解谜时记住他们所听到的音乐。根据空前的“The
18、 scientists”以 及空后的“to remember the music”可知，此处应为谓语动词，且后面加不定式。encourage sb to do slh鼓励某人做某事，固定用法。故选A。35.句意：最后，还有六个谜题学生们没有解决。根据语境以及备选项可知，此处指还有六个谜 题没有解决。故选C。36.句意：当学生睡着时，音乐盒播放与未解谜题相关的音乐。根据语境以及备选项可知，此处 指播放与未解谜题相关的音乐。linkwilh与相关，固定搭配。故选D。37.句意：第二天早上，学生们继续尝试未解的谜题。根据空前的“the students”以及空后的“to try the unsolv
19、ed puzzles”可知，此处应为谓语动词，且后面加不定式。continue to do sth继续做 某事，固定用法。故选C。38.句意:音乐使他们在睡觉时对拼图的记忆活跃起来。根据空后的“It allowed them towork，on the puzzles in their sleep.”可知，此处指谜题的记忆活跃起来。故选A。39.句意：这项研究为这些发现提供了更多的证据。根据上下文描述以及备选项可知，此处指这 项研究为这些研究提供了更多的证据。故选B。第三套短文选词填空（共8分）（本题4分）A. widelyB. rebuildC. certainly D. receive E
20、. expressA middle school had major problems with some of its buildings. Susan, the head teacher, invited students to share their ideas about how to 17. the school. We wanted our students to decidewhat kind of school buildings they like. We wanted them to think of ideas lol8,（1 分）their own interests
21、and hopes, * she said. The news spread 19. （1 分）after it was reported by a local newspaper.Students20,（1 分）seemed very excited. And some said they couldnt wait for the project to be finally completed at the end of this year.【答案】17. B 18. E 19. A 20. C【分析】本文讲述一所中学想重建它的大楼，老师让学生们分享他们对于重建大楼的想法。 17.根据句子结
22、构，此处是一个简略的宾语从句，疑问词how+lo do sth.根据We wanied our students to decide what kind of school buildings they like,可知，老师们想让学生决定他们喜欢 哪种类型的学校大楼，所以是让他们分享如何垂建学校的想法，故选B。18.their own interests and hopes,可知，是想让学生们表达自己的兴趣和希望，所以空格处 填 expresso 故选 E。19.空格处修饰动词spread,用副词。此空表示“消息广泛地传播故选A。20.空格处修饰动词seem,用副词。根据seemed very
23、 excited及所给选词，可知，学生们似乎非 常兴奋，所以空格处填certainly。故选C。【点睛】选词填空题考查学生对备选词的掌握及对语法的运用能力。做题时要根据句了一结构确定句中 所缺词的词性，然后结合句意及备选词即可得出答案。（本题4分）A. result B. collection C. necessary D. location E. connectedIn the beginning,the school was asked to close and the buildings would have to be sold off,asthe school is in a ver
24、y good21.（1 分）.But parents and teachers worked together to protect the school and now they are pleased to see the22. （1 分）.“This school is an important part of the community and it*s 23（1 分）that it should continue, said one parent,adding, “It is also amazing that the children have had a say in the b
25、uilding process.This gives them the feeling that they are more closely24. with the school.1 really think the school will develop with success.”【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. E【分析】本文讲述了一个学校在很好的位置上被迫要关闭，家长和老师们一起努力保护学校，让它可 以继续下去。21.句意：学校在非常好的位置。good是形容词，后接名词，根据句意和选词，可知有一个好的地理位置；故选D。22.句意：他们很高兴看到这个结果。the 是定冠
26、词,后接名词；根据“But parents and teachers worked together to protect the school” 及所给选词，可知，家长和老师们一起努力保护学校，所以他们很高兴看到这个结果，故选 Ao23.句意：学校是社区一个重要的部分，所以它很有必要继续下去。is 是系动词，后接形容词作表语；根据“This school is an important part of the community”, 可知，学校是社区一个重要的部分，所以它很有必要继续下去。故选C。24.句意：他们与这个学校是更紧密地连接在一起。closely是副词，修饰动词或形容词；根据句意
27、，此空表示“学生们与这个学校是更紧密地连 接在一起”,connect with与连接一起；故选E。第四套A. provide B. at some time C. depend on D. change into E. typeMost people had a dog or wanted one as their companion 16, in their lives. If you are thinking of buying a dog, however, you should first decide what 17. of companion you need and whethe
28、r the dog is likely to be happy in the space you can 18. . Scientists9 advice is useful to help you choose the most suitable kind of dog. But in part the decisions 19. common sense. Different dogs were developed to perform specific tasks. So, if you want a dog to protect your house, for example, you
29、 should choose the one that the right size and characteristics.A. run free B. faithful C. train D. make sure E. set upYou must also be ready to take a great deal of time to 20. the dog when it is young and gives it exercise, unless you live in the countryside and can let it 21. Dogs are demanding pe
30、ts. A dog is 22. to its master and consequently wants him to show proof of his affection. The best time to buy a baby dog is when it is between 6 and 8 weeks old. If baby dogs have not 23. a relationship with the human being until they are over three months old, their strong relationship will always
31、 be with dogs. They are likely to be shy when they are brought out into the world to become good pets.16. B 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. C 21. A 22. B 23. E【分析】本文主要介绍了选宠物狗的建议。16.句意：大多数人在一生中的某个时候都有一条狗或想要一条狗作为伙伴。根据Most people had a dog or wanted one as their companion.in their lives.”以及备选词汇可知，此处指生中 的某个时候，at
32、some time”表示“某个时期”，符合语境。故选B。17.句意：然而，如果你想买一只狗，你应该首先决定你需要什么样的伙伴，以及狗在你能提供 的空间里是否会快乐。根据“what. of companion you need”以及备选词汇可知，此处指需要的 伙伴的种类，“type”表示“种类”，符合语境。故选E。18.句意：然而，如果你想买一只狗，你应该首先决定你需要什么样的伙伴，以及狗在你能提供 的空间里是否会快乐。根据Whether the dog is 1 汰ely to be happy in the space you can.”以及备 选词汇可知，此处指你能提供给狗的空间，“pro
33、vide”表示“提供”，符合语境。故选A。19.句意：但部分决定取决于常识。根据But in part the mon sense.”以及备选词汇 可知，此处指取决于常识，depend on”表示“取决于，符合语境。故选C。20.句意：你还必须准备好花大量的时间来训练幼年的狗，并给它锻炼，除非你住在农村，可以 让它自由奔跑。根据“when it is young and gives it exercise”以及备选词汇可知，此处指训练狗， “train”表示“训练”，符合语境、故选C。21.句意：你还必须准备好花大量的时间来训练幼年的狗，并给它锻炼，除非你住在农村，可以 让它自由奔跑。根据“u
34、nless you live in the countryside”以及备选词汇可知，此处指狗在农村 可以自由奔跑，“run岷6”表示“自由奔跑”，符合语境。故选A。22.句意：狗对主人忠诚，因此想让主人表现出爱意。根据A dog is.to its master”以及备选词汇 可知，此处指狗对主人忠诚，“faithful”表示“忠诚的”，符合语境。故选B。23.句意：如果幼犬在三个月大的时候还没有和人类建立起关系，那么它们与狗之间的牢固关系 将永远存在。根据“If baby dogs have not.a relationship with the human being they are
35、over three months old”以及备选词汇可知，此处指狗和人类建议关系，“set up”表示“建立，符合语境。 故选E。第五套Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each can only be used once. （将下歹U 单词填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词只能填一次）A. looking for B. made of C. created D. built E. filledHow could life possibly have gotten stated on Earth? Few que
36、stions have puzzled so many for so long as this. Many hypotheses （假说）have been proposed; maybe the first molecules （分子） formed in the deep ocean. Maybe the earliest life was actually 21 simple molecules, and created the complex ones used by the human body today. Maybe life came to Earth from outer s
37、pace.But in a laboratory in Chicago, one hypothesis was tested. The team 22 a glass flasks （烧杯）with water, to act as the early ocean, causing some of the water to become stream. They then 23 electrical sparks （火花）to act as lightning. After a few days, the water began to change color. When the flasks
38、 were studied, the scientists found what they were24: the very same molecules in all life on Earth. The experiment supported thehypothesis that conditions on the early Earth could create the necessary molecules of life, and became one of the great experiments of the 20th century.【答案】21. B 22. E 23.
39、C 24. A【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了在芝加哥的一个实验室里，研究者验证了地球是如何开始的一个假说。21题详解】句意：也许最早的生命实际上是由简单分子构成的，并创造了今天人体使用的复杂分子。根 据“simple molecules”可知此处指最初的生命是由简单分子构成的，川be made of表示“由构成故选B。【22题详解】句意：团队将一个玻璃烧瓶装满水，以充当早期的海洋，使一些水变成小溪。根据“a glass flasks with water”可知用 filled . with .表示“用把装满故选 E。【23题详解】句意：然后他们创造了电火花来充当闪电。根据“electrical
40、sparks”可知是创造电火花， created创造” 故选 C。【24题详解】句意：当科学家们对烧杯进行研究时，他们发现了他们正在寻找的东西：地球上所有生命中 的相同分子。根据“the very same molecules in all life on Earth”结合上文内容可知这正是科学 家们要寻找的东西，looking for“寻找”。故选A。22.A. same B. meal C. public D. other E. mistakeMany of the things which we usually think of as vegetables are, strictly s
41、peaking, fruits. Most of us know that the tomato, is a fruit - and when we make the 25 of considering a tomato as a vegetable, theres often some wise person nearby who is willing to correct us. But did you know that the pumpkin is also a fruit? The 26 goes fbr cucumbers, and even com because, in bot
42、anical terms （植物学方面）.An extremely clear definition, as one might expect from the scientific community!And yet, that hasnt done much to change which foods we, the 27. think of as fruits,and which ones as vegetables. To make matters more confusing, the U.S. Supreme Court itself once had to rule on whe
43、ther tomatoes were vegetables （反驳）the scientific definition as well. According to the Supreme Court, a vegetable is any part of a plant which is generally served with the main part of the 28、whereas a fruit is a plant which would generally be eaten as a dessert.【答案】25.E26. A 27. C 28. B【分析】本文主要讲了我们通
44、常认为是蔬菜的东西，严格地说，有许多是水果的事实。【25题详解】 句意：我们大多数人都知道西红柿是一种水果当我们错误地把西红柿当成蔬菜时，身边 经常会有一曲聪明人愿意纠正我们。根据“theres often some wise person nearby who is willing to correct us”可知有错误才需要纠正，mi stake错误，符合语境。故选E。【26题详解】句意：同样 道理也适用于黄瓜，甚至玉米因为，从植物学的角度来说。根据“But did you know that the pumpkin is also a fruit?”可知此处指黄瓜与西红柿一样属于水果，s
45、ame“同样的 故选Ao【27题详解】句意：然而，这并没有改变我们公众认为哪些食物是水果，哪些食物是蔬菜。此处是we的 同位语，the public”民众，公众,故选C。【28题详解】句意：根据最高法院的说法，蔬菜是一种植物的任何一部分，通常会搭配在一顿饭的主要部 分，而水果是一种植物，通常会被当作甜点吃。根据“a vegetable is any part of a plant”结合常 识可知蔬菜是饭的一部分，meal“早(或午、晚)餐；一顿饭”。故选B。第六套Complete the following passage with the words in the box Each word
46、 can only be used once (将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次)：(共8分)21. (4 分)A) realize B) public C) experiment D) pollution E) plasticThe scientist was in a hurry. She had to get some water for her (46) C before darkness fell. She was testing the water in the rivers that went into the ocean. Her job was
47、to find out the cause of (47) D in the sea at nearby beaches. She lifted out the water and looked angrily at the rubbish in it. Old clothes, （48） E bags and pieces of paper were in the dirty water. Dont people （49） A that everything they throw onto the street gets washed into rivers? And they lead r
48、ight into the ocean!she said loudly. How many years will it take to make it clean again ?【分析】这位科学家很匆忙.她必须在夜幕降临之前去取些水进行实验，她正在测试流 进海洋的河水.她的任务是查明在海滩附近的海水污染的原因.她提起了水，生气地看 着里面的垃圾.旧衣服，塑料袋，纸都在脏水里.难道没有人意识到他们扔到街上的所 有东西都被冲进河流吗？它们又正好流入海洋.她大声地说：要多少年才能使它（海水） 重新干净呢？【解答】46. C考查名词用法.根据关键部分get some water fbr her可知形容词性物主 代词后应该跟名词；结合后句 She was testing the water in the rivers that went into the ocean（她正在测试流进海洋的河水）可推知此处应是指取一些水做实验，结合选项故用名词 experiment实验.故选C47. D考查名词用法.根据关键部分find out