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1、高二英语教材知识点总结及重难点解析Unit3-4重点句型1.I prefer living in a modern flat.2.What words and phrases do you think will be useful.3.1 wouldnt feel happy living in a block of apartments.4.Every great culture in the past had its own ideasofbeauty expressed in art and literature.5.Seen from the top,it looks as if th
2、e stadium is coveredby a gray net of steel.6.A is to B what C is to B.7.Besides,no matter how well a poem is translated,something of the spirit of the original work is lost.8.More than any other form of literature,poetry playswith,sounds,words and grammar.9.Greatly loved in China are the English Rom
3、antic poets.重点词汇1.preference n.偏爱，喜好，优先2.design vt.&n.设计；样式，款式3.furniture(U)n.家具(总称)4.taste v.&n.尝；味道，鉴赏力5.convenient adj.方便的6.stand v.站，忍受,承担7.impress v t.使感动，使.留下印象8.create v t.创造，创建，创作9.intention n.意图，打算，目的10.sort vt.&n.分类；种类，类型11.absence n.缺席，缺乏，不在12.instruction n.序言，介绍，引进13.extraordinary adj.特别
4、的，惊人的14.recommend v t.推荐，介绍15.atmosphere n.气 氛,大气16.translation n.翻译，译文17.glory n.荣誉，光荣18.style n.风格,作风，文体19.paint vt.&n.涂颜料，绘画；颜料，涂料20.recite n.背诵,朗诵21.embrace n.拥 寸 包22.tale n.传说，传闻，故事23.essay n.论文，散文，随笔24.literature n.文学重点短语1.go against违背，不利于2.stand close to 接近，靠近3.pull dow n拆毁,推毁pare with 与.比较5.
5、act a s 充当，扮演，担当6.belong to 属于7.fill up with 用.填满8.call u p 打电话，唤起，使想起9.stand o u t突出，显眼10.remind sb.of sth.使某人想起，提醒某人某事11.lead t o 通往，导致12.get through通过，完成，接通（电话）13.send fb r派人请.叫人拿.14.contribute.to 贡献给.,向.投稿e into being 形成，产生16.join.to把.和.连起来17.serve the purpose 管用，解决问题18.set.aside 巴.放在一边交际用语1.Pd
6、prefer living in a modem flat.2.Id rather live in a traditional siheyuan.3.Im much more interested in doing sth.4.1 wouldnt feel happy if 1 lived in a block.5.1 dont get very excited about old-style houses.6.What I like is.7.1 can*t stand doing sth.词汇短语11.absence n.缺席，缺乏，不在形 容 词absent,通 常 与from连用。反义
7、词分别为presence(n.)present(adj.)oHer absence from the meeting made the managerdisappointed.她没到会使经理感到失望。In the absence of water,plants dont grow.没有水植物无法生长。1.design v t.设计，计划；n.款式，没计(1)动词用法The tower is perfectly designed.这座塔设计完美。Was it designed,or did it just happen?这是预先计划好的，还是偶然发生的？(2)名词用法The suit of cb
8、theslooks beautiftilin design.这套服装样式看上去很漂亮。His design wasnt accepted.他的设计未被接受O【考 点1】design的用法 句型：sth be designed to do sth.的目的是.【考例 1 】（2001 上海春招）The new suspension bridge_by the end of last month.A.has been designedB.had been designedC.was designedD.would be designed 考查目标 动词的时态与语态在语境中的实际运用。答案与解析B b
9、y the end o f短语应该使用完成时态，而last month暗示应该使用过去时态。故此综合两个条件必须使用过去完成时态。【考点7】disturb的用法 构词：distur bing adj.烦扰的 辨析：disturb;interrupt两词都是动词，含有“打扰 的意思，但disturb强调扰乱、妨碍安静、平静或正常的秩序。而interrupt则强调使工作、谈话等中断。例如：The noise disturbs us day and night.噪音 口夜扰乱着我们。Im sorry to interrupt but there is a phone call fbr you.真对不
10、起打扰你.有电话找你。【考例 7 Sorry to_you,but your mother iswaiting outside.A.break B.interruptC.stop D.disturb 考查目标考查相关词汇的辨析与运用。答案与解析B disturb表示“扰乱、妨碍安静、平静或正常的秩序 。而interrupt则强调“使工作、谈话等中断stop表示“停止、阻止“；break表示“打破、中止【考点8】feel的用法 构词：feeling n.感觉；知觉；触觉 feelings n.心情；感情；情绪 搭配：feel one*s way(in the dark)(在黑暗中)摸索着前进 f
11、eel oneself=be oneself感到合适/正常/舒服 feel/be proud of 以.自豪 hurt ones feelings伤某人的感情 句型：sb feel sth摸.；感觉到.sb feel+that clause 认为.sb feel+a d j.感到如何.sth feel+a d j.摸起来.It feels+adj.+to do 做某事.感觉.fee+宾语+宾补(由 n./adj./prep./phrase/dosth/doing sth/done/to be n./a d j.充当)觉得.；感到.sb feel it adj./n.to do/that cla
12、use 觉得.sb feel like(doing)sth感到想(干)某事；感到像是.样 子sth feel like sth某物摸起来像什么 fe e l+地点状语+fbrsth在.中摸.feel as if/though觉得好像，觉得似乎 feel/be sure that.确信.have a feeling that.有.的感觉；觉得.【考例 8(NMET 1996)I love to go to the seaside insummer.It_good to lie in the sun or swim inthe cool sea.A.does B.feelsC.gets D.mak
13、es 考查目标考查动词与句型的固定搭配。答案与解析 B 本题考查：1.It is/feels good to dosth与 It does good to s b 的用法区别；2.系表结构知识。先排除A 项，因 为 t o 在本句中为动词不定式而不是介词；而 C、D 两项没有此类搭配。【考点4】glance的用法搭配：glance a t 匆匆一看；一瞥辨析：glance;glare;stare三词均与“看”有关，但 glance意为“一瞥，看一眼，粗略地看一看”。指看的结果。glare意为“瞪视，凝视”，指愤怒或威胁地凝视，强调威胁或敌对的态度。stare意为“注视，凝视 ，指目不转睛地盯着
14、看。带有好奇、惊喜、沉思或恐惧等感情，常有意或无意地带有贬义。例如：He glanced at his watch and left in a hurry.他看了 看表，然后匆忙离开了。They didnt fight,but stood there glaring at each othe r.他们没有打起来。但却站在那儿怒目而视。Im going to get married.he said.I stared at him indisbelief.“我要结婚了。他说。我盯着他,难以置信。【考例 4】I only_at your work,but it seems tobe good.A.g
15、lared B.glancedC.stared D.gazed 考查目标考查四个同义词的辨析与运用。答案与解析 B glance意为“一瞥，看一眼，粗略地看一看”.指看的结果。glare意为“瞪视。凝视”，指愤怒或威胁地凝视。强调威胁或敌对的态度。stare意为“注视，凝视”.常有意或无意地带有贬义。gaze表示注意力很集中。结合上下文的意思应该选B 项。【考点4】glance的用法搭配：glance a t 匆 匆 看：一 瞥辨析：glance;glare;stare三词均与“看”有关，但glance意为“一瞥，看一眼，粗略地 看 一 看 指 看 的 结 果。glare意为“瞪视，凝视“，指
16、愤怒或威胁地凝视，强调威胁或敌对的态度。stare意为“注视，凝视 ，指目不转睛地盯着看。带有好奇、惊喜、沉思或恐惧等感情，常有意或无意地带有贬义。例如：He glanced at his watch and left in a hurry.他 看 了 看 一表，然后匆忙离开了。They didnt fight,but stood there glaring at each oth一e r.他们没有打起来。但却站在那儿怒目而视。Im going to get married.0 he said.I stared at him indisbelief.我要结婚了。”他说。我盯着他,难以置信。5.
17、i mpress v t,使留下印象，使感动名 3司：impressionimpress主要搭配有:(1)impress sb.with sth.或 be impressed with/byThe girl impressed her friend with her sense of humor.这女孩的幽默感给她的朋友留下深刻的印象。All present were impressed with/by his noble need.所有在场的人都被他的崇高行为感动。(2)impress sth.on/upon sb.Hctricd to impress everything he had e
18、xplained uponus.他试图要我们把他所解释的内容都记住。(3)名词用法Hcmade a strongimpression on me.他给我留下很深的印象。【考点5】impress的用法 构词：impression n.印象 搭配：be impressed with/by.受感动 impress sth on s b让 明 白（.重要性）【考例 5 （2003 上海春招）The speech by the mayor ofShanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2010 isstrongly impressed_ my memory.A.
19、to B.over C.by D.on 考查目标 考查动词impress与介词的搭配关系。答案与解析D impress sth on sb.为一个固定短语，意思为“让明白重要性【考点6】stick的用法 搭配：stick to坚持；粘住；固守 be/get stuck卡住；陷在中间；处于困境10.invited”被吸引的，被引诱的”，是 invite的过去分词。invite v.邀请；征求（意见等）；吸引；引起，招致（坏的事物）I invited all my relatives to my birthday party.我邀请了所有的亲戚参加我的生日晚会。Mter the speech,he
20、 invited questions and suggestionsfrom us.讲完话之后，他征询我们的问题和意见。The dishes look inviting.这些菜看起来很诱人。Leaving your car unlocked is just inviting trouble!汽车不上锁纯粹是自找麻烦！9.Man-made 人造的由“名 词+过去分词”构成，做定语修饰名词，表示被动，如：a snow-covered mountain（大雪覆盖的山）。表示被动做定语的构词还有“副 词+过去分词”，如：a newly-built house（一座新建的房子）。另外，“名 词+现在分词
21、”做定语表示主动意义。如apeace-loving people（一个爱好和平的民族）；表示主动意义的还有“形 容 词+过去分词”，如：awarm-hearted lady（一个热心的女士）“形 容 词+现在分词”如：a easy-going girl（一个随和的女孩）。【考点2】sale的用法构词：salesgirl女销售员 salesboy男销售员 salesman/saleswoman售货员；推销员 搭配：on sale在（削价）销 售,（有货）售卖;上市 for sale待售，出售的 a sales manager/director销售部经理/主任（4）sales tax 销售税 sa
22、les department销售部；门市部 句型：sth enjoy/have a large/good sale=sth sellwell某物销路好；某物销量大；畅销 友情提示：sale作定语时需用复数形式sales。【考例 2 The old man has a three-bedroom and one-diningroom house_.A.fbr sale B.for salesC.on sales D.fbr sell 考查目标考查短语的固定搭配。答案与解析A“待售，出售的”的固定短 语 为forsaleo【考点3 stand的用法 搭配：stand fb r代表；意味着，是缩写；
23、代替：象征；支持 stand o u t显眼；醒目；突出；杰出，出色 stand b y袖手旁观；忠于坚守 stand u p起立，站起 stand up fo r为某人/某事说话、工作等；支持某人/某事 考例 3 Richard became quite angry by the time H ildaturned up.H e_in the rain for half an hourwaiting fbr her.A.stopped B.has expectedC.has been sitting D.had stood 考查目标考查动词在实际语境中的运用。答案与解析D fo r短语经常使
24、用完成时态，先排除A项；根据句子上下文中的意思”他一直站在雨中等她使得他生气工3.stand v i.竖立，位 于 v t,使站立，忍受(1)不及物用法There stands an ancient in front of my house.我的房子前面立着一棵古树。The room has stood empty fbr months.这间房间空了好几个月了。注：stand后接形容词相当于stay/remain+a d j.用法，表示主语处于一种状态。(2)及物用法I cant stand being laughed at in public.我不能忍受在公共场合被人讥笑。H e could
25、nt stand that old woman living next door;shetalked too much.他不能忍受隔壁的老太太，她太唠叨了。注：stand不用于被动语态和进行时态；与can/could连用，后面常接名词、动名词。【考点6】stick的用法 搭配：stick to坚持；粘住；固守 be/get stuck卡住;陷在中间;处于困境【考例 6 (2004 湖北)Once a decision has been made,all of us should_ it.A.direct to B.stick toC.lead to D.refer to 考查目标 考查短语在具
26、体语境中的运用。答案与解析B direct to表示“对准”；stick to表示“坚持；lead to表示“通向；refer to表示“参 考 结合上下文应该表示坚持。【考点7】disturb的用法 构 词:distur bing adj.烦扰的 辨析：disturb;interrupt两词都是动词，含有“打扰”的意思，但disturb强调扰乱、妨碍安静、平静或正常的秩序。而interrupt则强调使工作、谈话等中断。例如：The noise disturbs us day and night.噪音日夜扰乱着我们。Im sorry to interrupt but there is a ph
27、one call fbr you.真对不起打扰你.有电话找你。牛刀小试1用所给单词的适当形式填空：(design,stick,feel,impress)1.What_ me most was the high speed of industrial development in Shanghai.2.The course is_ to improve the studentswriting abilities in a short time.3.The theory which he_to proved to be correct.4.Do you like the material?-Yes
28、,it_very soft.【短语归类】【考点3】含a s的动词短语 experience.as=consider.as=look upon/on.as=treat.as把.认为是 act a s担 任;起.的作用 serve a s当，充当 work a s当，充当 use.as把.用作.例句The theory is experienced as very advanced.这个理论被认为是非常高深的.H e acted as chairman in my absence.我不在时他担任王席。H e serves as a waiter in a restaurant.他在一家餐馆里当服务
29、员。考例 3 Classroom testing,if well down,most certain一ly_as a stimulus（刺激）to study and reallearning.A.uses B.looksC.acts D.does 考查目标此题主要考查短语动词的辨义问题。答案与解析C弄清题意。准确地判断空白处的意义。题意是：课堂测试，如果做得好的话，一定会对学习和真正的学习有刺激作用。也就是说，课堂测试可以充当刺激。A项应该使用被动态，B、D两项则不能和a s构成搭配。2.call u p打电话，唤醒，使人想起The sound of seagulls called up h
30、is happy memories ofhis childhood.海鸥的叫声唤起他对童年的幸福的记忆。Please call me up at five.请五点叫醒我（或：五点打电话给我）已学与c a ll常见的搭配还有：call off（取消,挂断电话）call at/on（拜访某 地/某人）callfbr（要求，来找某人）call in（召集，召来）【考点4】含come in to的动词短语 come into being形成；产生 come into effect/force开始实施;生效 come into use/service 开始使用 come into power开始执政；上
31、台 come into view/sight 进入视线 come into fashion开始流行 例句Romanticism didnt come into being until in thelate 18 century in Europe.浪漫主义运动直到18世纪未期才产生于欧洲。The new seat-beh regulations came into effect lastw eek.使用安全带的新规定于上周生效。【考例 4】The church gate came into_as werounded the next corner.A.being B.serviceC.effe
32、ct D.view 考查目标此题主要考查动词搭配问题。答案与解析D 题意：我们又拐了一个弯时，教堂的大门映入了我们的眼帘。4.go against违反，违背（意愿、原则等）；对.不利(无被动形式)Im not to go against my own family.我不会背离我自己的家人的。H e was afraid that the hattie would go against them.他害怕那场战斗会对他们不利。6.keep out(of)挡住，不让进H e closed the window tO keep the wind out(of thehouse).他关上窗户不让风进来(
33、进房子)。The sign says Keep out!牌子上写着：“请勿入内!”类似用法：ke印o ff别碰，避开Youd better keep off the sweet food.你最好少吃甜食。Keep offthe grass!请勿践踏草地！【考 点1含look的短语 look a t看待；考虑；检查 look around/about 环顾 look u p查阅；仰视 look into调查 look o n旁观 look back o n回顾，回想 look down upon/o n看不起；鄙视 look over翻阅；复习；检查 look t o照顾；注意 look up
34、t o尊敬 1 ook forward t o盼望；预计会有 look out fo r提防；当心 look on/upon.as.把.看作.look lik e看上去像 look fo r寻找 look sb.up and dow n上下打量某人 look after照看；照料 look ahead向前看 look o u t小心：看外面 look through浏览;检查 例句Thafs the way I look at i t.那就是我看待这事的方式。When all the facts have been looked up,pass them onto m e.所有事实查出后，转交
35、给我。The police are looking into the records of all those in一volved in the crim e.警方正在调查所有涉嫌这起犯罪的记录。Looking back on it,one realizes that it was far from be一ing a satisfactory conference.回顾过去，人们会意识到那不是一次成功的会议。【考例 11 In order to get a better solution.I think wedbetter_the question from all sides.A.look
36、out B.look upC.look for D.look at 考查目标此题主要考查短语动词的搭配问题。答案与解析D不同的介词或副词搭配，有不同的意义。look o u t查处，找出；当心，注意。look fo r寻找。7.send fo r 派人请，叫人拿We sent for the document this morning.我们今天上午派人去取这份文件。Will somebody go and get Dr.White?有人去请怀特医生了吗？H e*s already been sent fbr.已经派人去了。与send的常见搭配有：send off（发出）send up（发射）s
37、end out（发出）等。8.set aside把.放在一边；留出He set aside his book and lit a cigarette.他把书放在一边，点燃一支香烟。Each month she tried to set aside part of her salary.每月他都设法留出工资的一部分。aside其他常见用法还有：stand aside（靠边站）move aside（移到旁边）put sth.aside for sb.（把某物留给某人）【考点2】含u p的动词短语 call u p召唤；调动；使人想起；打电话给 light u p照亮；变得高兴起来 fill u p
38、填写；盛满 take u p占用；拿起；从事 pick u p拾起；接送；听到；学会 例句Your letter calls up the days when we workedtogether in the countryside 20 years ago.你的信使人想起20年前我们在一起工作的日子。Sues face lighted up when she heard the good news.听到这个好消息时，苏流露出愉快的面容。The room soon filled up with people.房间里不久就挤满了人。She*s taken up flower-decoration
39、 at evening classes.她在夜校学习插花。【考例 2】It has been raining harder and harder fbr quitea few days.The village seemed to be in danger of beingflooded.Mr Smith decided to_all the youngmen in the village to strengthen the river bank.A.call in B.call upC.call at D.call fbr 考查目标此题主要考查动词辨义问题。答案与解析B call i n召进，
40、请进。call at(a place)访问(某地)。call/or需要，去接。【考点5】副词短语 far from完全不.远不 next t o儿乎；仅次于 in a hurry匆忙；很快地 例句The problem is far from(being)easy.这个问题完全不容易。Papering the ceiling proved next to impossible without aladder.用纸糊天花板没有梯子儿乎是不可能的。She dressed herself in a hurry.她匆匆地穿上衣服。友情提示：far from后可接名词、形容词，或being+形容词/名词
41、。next to后常接一些否定词。【考例 5 Im terribly sorry to tell you that your work isfar from_.A.satisfying B.a satisfactionC.being satisfactory D.to satisfy 考查目标此题主要考查far from的用法。答案与解析C satisfaction是不可教名词，前不可使用a。from后不可接不定式。satisfying虽然意思与satisfactory 相同,但常使用 satisfactory,其中 being 经常省略。牛刀小试21.1 cant tell you what
42、 it*s worth,you nlust get an ex一pert to_it.A.look into B.look atC.look up D.look out2.Seeing its mother coming,the child was so happythat its eyes_pleasure.A.were lighted withB.lit up forC.lit up withD.were lighted up for3.As you can see,the mini-skirt comes into_again this year.A.being B.effectC.pr
43、actice D.fashion4.He repeats that he is telling the story as_ byhimself at the time.A.seeing B.to seeC.saw D.seen5.the Chinese Revolution,_ the Russian Rev一olution,is the most important political event in_history.A.next to;不填 B.close to;theC.up to;不填 D.as to;the词语比较1.despite,in spite of,though,altho
44、ugh,as(1)despite,in spite of 尽管，不顾despite,in spite o f 是介词或介词短语，后面只能接名词、代词或动名词。He came to school despite his serious illness.=He came to school in spite of his serious illness.尽管他病得很重，他还去上学。Despite/In spite of the rain,we won*t stop our work.尽管下雨，我们也不会停止工作。(2)though,although,as 尽管，虽然though,although为
45、从属连词，一般接从句，也可接分词；though还可以用于倒装句，这种表达法相当于a s表示“虽然”时的用法。Although given enough time,he didnt finish the workin time.虽然给了他充分时间，他还是没有及时完成工作。Seriously m thou 曲 he was,he went to school.=Seriously ill as he was,he came to school.注：though还可以单独作副词用,意为 可是 、然而“，通常放句末，如：The boy was injured.It was nothing much,t
46、hough.那个男孩子受伤了，不过并不重。2.get through,go through,live throughget through及物或不及物用法，意为：通过，完成，接通(电话)，渡过(难关)等。(1)The line is busy,I cant get through.电话线路忙，我打不通。Have you got through your homework?你完成作业了吗？注：get through后 接w ith只有 完成，没有 通过 的意思，如：I got through with the examination,but I didnt getthrough.我完成了考试，但
47、没有通过。(2)go through及物用法，意为：穿过，仔细查看，浏览，经历(苦难)Go through the papers and find out useful information.浏览一下这些报纸，找出有用的信息。He went through untold hardship in the war.战争中这位老人受尽了苦难。（3）live through 经历，度过The old man lived through two wars in life.老人一生中经历了两次战争。He possibly cant live through this winter.他可能活不过这个冬天。
48、试 t匕较：He cant possibly get through this winter.他可能挨不过这个冬天。句型诠释1.1 prefer living in a modern flat.prefer后可按不定式或动名词，意思区别不大，但搭配不一样，分另4 为 prefer to do.rather than do.;prefer doing.to doing.I prefer to stay home rather than go out.=I prefer staying hometo going out.prefer后面还可以接名词，如：I prefer a double room
49、 to a single one.我宁可住双人间也不住单人间。2.1 wouldnt feel happy living in a block of apartments.住在一座公寓里我是不会感到高兴的。句中现在分词短语living in a block of apartments在句中作状语，表示一个非真实的情况：要是我住在一座公寓楼里（实际上我没有住在公寓楼里），有了这么一个非真实的情况（条件），所以句中使用了虚拟语 气（wouldnt feel）。Your wife wouldnt be pleased to hear you say so.假如你妻子听到你说这些，她不会高兴的。（实际
50、上没听到）The chickens can eat the food that we would otherwisethrow away.这些鸡可以吃掉那些要不然会扔掉的食物。(otherwise后为一个与现在事实相反的假设)3.Every great culture or different period in the past hasits own ideas Of beauty expressed in an andarchitecture.过去的每一种伟大的文化或每一个不同的时期都把它自己的美学思想表现在艺术和建筑方面。该句使用了 have sth.done结构，其中过去分词在句中作宾