《供应链管理规划与执行.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《供应链管理规划与执行.pptx（74页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、1供應鏈規劃與執行模組世新大學資管系 鄒慶士 副教授培训专用2AgendanOverview/Features of SCMnSupply Chain Network DesignnAdvanced Planning and SchedulingnShop Floor ControlnMES/MCS培训专用3nEnterprise functional silos with conflicting goalsPurchasingManufacturingDistributionCustomer Service/SalesFew change-oversStable schedulesLong
2、run lengthsHigh inventoriesHigh service levelsRegional stocksSOURCEMAKEDELIVERSELL Low pur-chase priceMultiple vendorsLow invent-oriesLow trans-portationOverview of SCM-Issues培训专用4Overview and targets of SCMn Definition of Supply Chain Management:Supply Chain Management describes all kind of activit
3、ies across multiplecompanies or locations to optimize the manufacturing of products.Herebyconcerning all interfaces on operational and strategic level for involvedassociates.n Main focusn Development of heterogeneous global production networksn Increased integration of advanced technologiesn Minimzi
4、ng costs for inventories and deliveries n Long term relationships(customer/supplier binding)n Customer satisfactionn ByERP-BasisSCM-ToolsInternet培训专用5Overview and targets of SCMBuys Ingredients and ComponentsMakes aProductMoves it to a DistributionCenterStores it atDistributionCentersStores it in aW
5、arehouseMoves itto StoresStores it in the StoreSells it toConsumersMulti Enterprise Supply ChainsSource:I2-Technologies培训专用6Overview and targets of SCMn Integration of suppliers in planning in consideration of.n Suppliers inventoriesn Suppliers manufacturing capacitiesn Transport times and capacitie
6、sReduction of own inventories培训专用7n Integrated planning of supply chains leads ton Reduction of inventoriesn Cost savingsn Capability to meet promised delivery datesIncreased customer satisfactionIntensified customer bindingPerspective to extend the sales marketOverview and targets of SCM培训专用8Prereq
7、uisites for successn No management method guarantees itself for successn Type of product leads to special type of supply chainPrimarily functional productsn Dont change much over timen Long life cyclesn Predictable demandn Stability invites competitionn Leads often to low profit marginsPrimarily inn
8、ovative productsn Enables higher profit marginsn Short life cycle(typically few month)n Volatile demandn Newness makes demand unpredictablen Importance of early sales培训专用9Prerequisites for successPrimarily functional productsn Supply at lowest costs to predictable demandn High utilization rate of ca
9、pacityn Minimize inventoriesn Short lead time as it doesnt increase costsn Select suppliers primarily for costs and quality Physical efficiencyMinimize costs by n Physical efficiencyPrimarily innovative productsn Respond quickly to unpredictable demandn Deploy excess buffer capacityn Deploy signific
10、ant buffer stocksn Invest aggressively to reduce lead timen Select suppliers primarily for speed,flexibility and quality Responsiveness to marketMinimize costs byn Highest responsiveness to marketn Minimize risk of shortages or excess supply培训专用10Prerequisites for successEfficientResponsiveFunctiona
11、lInnovativematchmatchmismatchmismatchUse of SCM software tools like APO培训专用11Prerequisites for success培训专用12SCM Business ProcessesnTechnology helps enable a variety of SCM business processesnPush to pullnProcess orientationnOptimizationnPostponementnMore frequent planningnCollaboration培训专用13nMove fr
12、om push to pull manufacturingManufacturersDistributors/WholesalersConsumersSuppliersRetailersManufacturersDistributors/WholesalersConsumersSuppliersRetailers Make what we will sell,not sell what we will make!Features of SCM培训专用14PurchasingManufacturingDistributionCustomer Service/SalesAvailable-to-P
13、romise(ATP)Capable-to-Promise(CTP)nMove from functional silos to process-oriented business processes(e.g.,order-to-cash,cash-to-cash)Integrated Sales and Operations Planning(S&OP)SOURCEMAKEDELIVERSELLFeatures of SCM培训专用15nOptimization of all supply chain activitiesSupply Chain OptimizationSynchroniz
14、ed,Concurrent PlanningDemandPlanningDistributionPlanningManufacturing PlanningProcurementPlanningIndependent,Sequential PlanningForecastingDistributionPlanningManufacturing PlanningProcurementPlanningFeatures of SCM培训专用16PostponementnMove to MTO,ATO and CTO from MTSnFront-end APS suites support nATP
15、/CTPnProduct configurationnBack-end integration to transaction systemsInternationalTradeLogisticsWarehouseManagementAdvancedPlanning Scheduling CustomerRelationshipManagementLogisticsManufacturingMaterialsManagementAccounting Human Resources ERPEAIFeatures of SCMSCM培训专用17nMore frequent planning mean
16、s responsive to changing customer needs while decreasing inventoriesTimeTimeAverageSupplyAverageSupplyPlanning CyclePlanning CycleFeatures of SCM培训专用18ne-Business will enable supply chain collaboration among trading partnersManufacturerDistributors/WholesalersSuppliersRetailersCollaborative Demand P
17、lanningCollaborative Logistics PlanningTransportation servicesDistribution center servicesSynchronized Production SchedulingCollaborative Product DevelopmentFeatures of SCMLogistics Providers培训专用19Components of E-Supply ChainnSupply-chain replenishmentnE-procurementnCollaborative planningnCollaborat
18、ive product developmentnE-logisticsnSupply webs培训专用20Evolution of ITARAPGLPayrollMRPFMISHRMRPIISchedulingplanningDistributionERPAPS/SCMEISEDIE-CommerceBICRME-Business培训专用21Agenda培训专用22ManufacturersWholesale DistributorsSuppliersCustomers Information FlowsGoods FlowSupply Chain Network DesignSupplier
19、 ExchangesCustomer ExchangesLogisticsExchangesContract ManufacturersLogistics ProvidersVirtual ManufacturersRetailersnLocation decisionnCapacity decisionnAssignment decision培训专用23Strategic Planning ProblemsnWhich products shall be produced at which locations?nHow are customers assigned to distributi
20、on centers?nWhere shall new locations be opened?nWhich locations shall be closed?nWhat are capacity requirements for plants/distribution centers?nWhat is the cost situation within the supply chain?培训专用24Planning MethodnPlanning of location assignment and transportation lanesnLocation assignment base
21、d on geographical distancenCost optimal location assignmentnStructural Network ChangesnPlacement of a given number of locations based on geographical distance and costsnCost optimal selection of locations培训专用25Planning ParametersnCostnTransportation costsnProduction costsnStorage costsnHandling cost
22、snProcurement costsnLocation costs/Location proceedsnFix maintenance costsnCosts for opening and closure of locationsnPublic subsidiesnPenalty costs for delayed or non-fulfilled demand培训专用26Planning ParametersnCapacitiesnHandling capacities for plants and distribution centersnProduction capacities o
23、f plantsnDemandnCalculation of demand via Demand PlanningnSupported by forecast methodsnSimulation of demand scenariosnVariation of demand培训专用27Planning ResultsnSupply Chain NetworknAssignment of locationsnTransportation lanesnAllocation of products to locationsnNew locations with geographic positio
24、nnSelected/not selected locationsnProposal for opening or closure of locations培训专用28Planning ResultsnQuantitiesnProduction,transport,handling,storage and procurementnCostsnProduction,transport,handling,storage and procurementnLocation costsnOpening costs,maintenance costs,subsidies,etc.nCapacity Req
25、uirementsnProduction,transport,handling und storage培训专用29OutlooknProfit-oriented planningnConsideration of piece-wise linear costs for transport and productionnConsideration of storage capacitiesnIntegration of GIS applicationsnautomatic calculation of transportation duration and transportation cost
26、snexpanded geographic display培训专用30AgendanOverview/Features of SCMnSupply Chain Network DesignnAdvanced Planning and SchedulingnShop Floor ControlnMES/MCS培训专用31Production LogisticsForecastCustomer order administrationPrimary requirements planningRequirements planningPurchasingCapacity schedulingCapa
27、city adjustmentOrder releaseReservationSequencingDetailed schedulingExecutionFactory data entryShop floor controlPlanningPlanning/schedulingInitiation of implementation functions培训专用32Typical Planning ProcessSupply/DemandMeetingMRP/ERPManual AdjustmentRelease POReceiving/ReceiptChange Production Pla
28、nnCan not deliver on timenLong promise timenDead items&shortagenCustomer unsatisfied培训专用33MRP II Planning ProcessnTop-down processnIterative processMaster PlanningRCCPMRPCRPSFC培训专用34Problem in IndustrynSalesnSO confirm時間太長nPC 無法如期交貨nHub會造成投資風險nPC/MCn插單nCancel訂單n訂單交期變更頻繁nYield和Rework造成交期Delayn無法確認真正的
29、產能與瓶頸作業n替代料無法掌控nECN頻繁，易產生呆料培训专用35Problem in IndustrynShop Floorn開製令前無法確認料是否備齊n臨時缺料nYield和Rework造成大量未結案工單nShop Floor催MC，MC催Buyer，Buyer催Suppliern產能規劃不合理，無法執行nBuyern無法確認到底欠哪些料n追料頻繁nOrder Cancel頻繁n未考慮Lead Time培训专用36Drawbacks in Traditional Production PlanningnSequential planningnProblem in scheduling lo
30、gicnIndependent demand and supply planningnLack of integrationnBatch processnSingle point planningnLack of simulation capability培训专用37SCM Information System培训专用38Definition of APSntheres no precise definition of APS systems,but it is quite intuitive to say that the APS systems resolve the shortcomin
31、gs of the ERP systems as a planning tool.APS systems consider material requirements and plant capacity to generate new plans,and some of them create a detailed production schedule that sequences the production optimally,to achieve the organization goals as well as customers due date.(AMR,1998)nAPS s
32、ystems apply profound advanced technologies to achieve improved plans that take into account most of the factors and constraints that limit the ability to deliver on time.(Forrest Research,1996)培训专用39Features of APSnSynchronized concurrent planningnConstraint-based planningnOptimized planningnReal-t
33、ime planningnDecision support capabilitynWhat-if simulationnPegging between demand and supplynSpeed and performance培训专用40Synchronized Planning培训专用41Constraint-based PlanningAPSConstraintSupplyDemandOutputTime:Purchase LTMfg.LTTrasf.LTDue DateCapacity:Resource loadRoutingMaterial:Alternate PartsECN P
34、artsSourcing RuleDemand:ForecastSales OrderSupply Data:On-handWIPPurchasing OrderOptimal Plan培训专用42Optimized Technologies in APSnDemand PlanningnExponential SmoothingnSystem DynamicsnMultiple Linear RegressionnProduction Planning&SchedulingnLinear Programming/Mixed Integer LPnGenetic AlgorithmsnSimu
35、lation AnnealingnHeuristic MethodsnDistribution Planning&DeploymentnFlow AlgorithmsnBranch-and-Bound Algorithm培训专用43Scope of APSnSupply chain strategic planningnSupply chain network planningnDemand planning and forecastingnInventory planningnSupply chain planningnSupply planningnDistribution plannin
36、gnTransportation planningnShop floor operation schedulingnShipment scheduling培训专用44Functions of APS培训专用45nAPS是使用現存Transaction系統(ERP)的資訊，以提供快速規劃及排程的智慧型決策支援系統。PurchasingOrder EntryManufacturingLogistics/ShippingERPCurrent SituationFinalPlanSupply Chain PlannerInput DataDemandCapacityMaterialsOutputPro
37、duction PlanShipping PlanPromise PlanAPS and ERP培训专用46Multi-Site PlanningnComplex multi-site manufacturing refers to the environment where there are multiple sites that are dependent upon each other for material and assemblies.nSupply Planning for a complex multi-site manufacturing environment invol
38、ves the consolidation of data from the individual sites into a corporate consolidation database.培训专用47Multi-Site PlanningGlobal APS EngineDemand Planning EngineOrder Promising EngineAPSEngineAPSEngineAPSEngineMaster PlanMaster PlanMaster PlanSupply PlanSupply PlanSupply PlanDemand PlanSupply Plan培训专
39、用48*Source:AMR,1996Performance ResultsLate Order25-50%ImprovementOrder Lead Time10-40%ImprovementPlanning Cycle95%ImprovementProduction Lead Time10-50%ImprovementInventory10-60%ImprovementOperating Expense10-50%ImprovementThroughput2-5%Improvement培训专用49AgendanOverview/Features of SCMnSupply Chain Ne
40、twork DesignnAdvanced Planning and SchedulingnShop Floor ControlnMES/MCS培训专用50Purpose of Shop Floor Controln將生產規劃單位所規劃的生產訂單(PO)有效的轉變成實際成品的產出培训专用51Shop Floor Control System培训专用52Functions of Shop Floor ControlnOrder review/releasenDetailed shop floor operations schedulingnData collection/monitoringnC
41、ontrol/feedbacknOrder disposition培训专用53Order Review and Releasen扮演一個過濾機制，控制訂單進入現場的流量培训专用54Focus of OR/RnAvailability of materialsnRequired capacitynRequired machines and toolingsnReal-time production statusnVerify MRP plansnConfirm/modify BOM structurenConfirm/modify routingnEvaluate production load
42、s in shop floornCriteria of performance evaluation培训专用55Operations SchedulingnWork center oriented schedulingnWork order oriented schedulingnBackward schedulingnForward schedulingnFinite schedulingnDispatching培训专用56Data Collection and MonitornBarcodenOptical character recognitionnMagnetic stripenVoi
43、ce recognitionnRadio frequency identificationnMachine vision systemnBlue tooth培训专用57Control and FeedbacknOrder problems vs.Resources problemsnIs it solvable?What is the solution?nAdjust and improvenInformation feedback 培训专用58Order DispositionnOrder completionnAS plannednOrder cancellationnMaterials
44、shortagenRelease previously assigned resourcesnEvaluate production performancenDefine and explain specific unexpected conditions/solutions培训专用59Shop Floor Control System-Another view培训专用60AgendanOverview/Features of SCMnSupply Chain Network DesignnAdvanced Planning and SchedulingnShop Floor Controln
45、MES/MCS培训专用61Relationships of ERP/APS/MES/MCSERPAPSMCSMES培训专用62Interactions Between ERP/APS and MES培训专用63Definition of MESn將加工現場中的原物料、半成品、成品、機器、時間、成本等資訊以動態且即時的方式來收集、匯整與表達，並追蹤與管制目前正在進行中的各項製造作業的一個資訊系統(APICS)。n其上層銜接APS的生產規劃結果，以進行即時性的現場生產派工；下層則連結MCS，根據派工結果控制設備進行實際加工生產，並即時收集與回饋現場生產資訊。培训专用64Functions of M
46、ES培训专用65Order&Operations ManagementnSelect ordernAssign routingnDispatchingnTrace WIPnOrder progress培训专用66Material&Resource ManagementnMonitor materials supplynDeploy resourcesnManage operatorsnToolings(e.g.Fixtures,Jigs)controlnEquipments maintenancenTrace equipment statusnControl scrapes培训专用67Qual
47、ity ManagementnInternal vs.External QCnPerformance analysisnQC for raw materials and finished goodsnSPCnSQCnEngineering data analysis培训专用68Reporting&Documents ManagementnWork instructionsnQC reportsnSOPnMachining codenWork order recordnLot documentsnEngineering change noticesnISO documents培训专用69Manu
48、facturing Control SystemnMan machine interface(MMI)nSupervisory control and data acquisition(SCADA)nDistributed control system(DCS)nManual process control培训专用70*Source:PRTM Integrated Supply Chain Benchmarking Study,1997Typical Quantified Benefits from Integrated the Supply Chain Delivery Performanc
49、e16%-28%ImprovementInventory Reduction25%-60%ImprovementFulfillment Cycle Time30%-50%ImprovementForecast Accuracy25%-80%ImprovementOverall Productivity10%-16%ImprovementLower Supply-Chain Costs25%-50%ImprovementFill Rates20%-30%ImprovementImproved Capacity Realization10%-20%Improvement培训专用71Conclusi
50、onsnAPS can enhance ERPnMatch of Business Needs and APS SoftwarenIntegration with ERP and MESnAccurate datanSCM is more like a philosophynEnabler-IT 培训专用72References培训专用演讲完毕，谢谢观看！培训专用内容总结1。Overview/Features of SCM。Few change-overs。SCM-Tools。Stores it atDistribution。Moves itto Stores。Independent,Sequ