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1、2019年北京通州中考英语真题及答案一、单项填空(共 6 分，每小题 0.5 分)从下面各题所给的A, B, C, D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Mr.Wang is coming to our school. I cant wait to see .A. herB. himC. itD. them2.We planted some flowers the garden yesterday.A. onB. toC.inD. of3.Excuse me, is this T-shirt?is 88 yuan.A . how muchB. how manyC. how long
2、D. how old4.Lily, you finish the letter in ten minutes?Yes, I can.A . mustB. shouldC. needD.can5.This cap is nice, it doesnt look good on meA. forB.soC.butD.or6.Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is than her brother.A. patientB.more patientC. most patientD.the most patient7.Sam with his fr
3、iends every weekend.A. skatesB.is skatingC. has skatedD. was skating 8 .Tom. whats your dad doing?He my bike.A. repairsB. will repairC. has repairedD. is repairing9.Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now.A. changesB.changedC. will changeD. has changed10.If you want to visit th
4、e Palace Museum, I tickets for you tomorrow. A. will bookB. bookedC. have bookedD. was booking11.My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday.A . acceptsB . acceptedC. was acceptedD. is accepted 12.Did you notice in her office?Yes. She was going over our writing.A.what was Miss Lin doingB.
5、what Miss Lin was doingC.what does Miss Lin doD.what Miss Lin does二、完形填空(共 8 分，每小题 1 分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago, when our class election (选举) started, I decided to run for class president. I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well w
6、ith people, so I felt it easy to win. But I was 13 that people would feel bad for me if I lost.I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasnt to make promises to do things I couldnt 14 but to show my class why I wanted to be president. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom.
7、 I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem. Since I was 15 prepared, I felt that my chances of winning were strong.However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, the response ( 反 应 ) wasnt what I had 16 . Few people actually
8、 listened. When it was my opponents (对手的) turn, everyone was screaming his name. His speech was short, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer.It was obvious who would 17 . For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cr
9、y, but I made it through.My 18was right: I didnt win.The next day, people were still talking about the election. I just pretended (假装) not to hear. But later, things got better. People 19 about the election and talked to me just as they did before.I dont regret putting time and energy into the elect
10、ion because Ive learned that things arent always going the way I expect. And moments of failure like this build 20 since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.13. A. boredB. afraidC. excitedD. hopeful14. A. compareB . rememberC. manageD . repeat15. A. fullyB. quicklyC. freshlyD.
11、 physically16. A. fearedB . facedC. mentionedD. pictured17. A. insistB. returnC. waitD. win18. A. suggestionB. predictionC. directionD. introduction19. A. forgotB . wroteC. caredD. discussed20. A. trustB. prideC. character阅读理解(共 36 分)D. support 三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。(共 26
12、分，每小题 2 分)21.Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?A. Mike.B. Joanna.C. Bill.D. Cindy.22.How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China?A . Three months.B. Four months.C . Five months.D. Six months.23.Cindy thinks her host sister is .A. a wonderful cookB.a responsible doctorC.
13、a warm-hearted teacherD.a hardworking studentBBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought of building a go- kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad for help.Well, he said. How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a de
14、sign.A week later, Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kartBlue Lightning. Dad looked over her work, thinking. Well, thats interesting, he said. Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as youve designed. Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, w
15、orking go-kart and painted it light blue.Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.After she did that, Sally drove back to Dad. Well, she said. Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive.Oh, do you? he said. Please share.When I drove fast, there was a lot of pushback, she said.
16、I think its because of the lightning bolt (闪电) shape. Very good! Dad said.So, why didnt you tell me about that problem in the first place? Sally asked.Dad laughed. Wheres the fun in that? If you give a man a fish, hell eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, hell eat for a lifetime.Sally said
17、, I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun!Dad smiled. Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he no
18、dded with pride.Finally came the race. Sally wasnt worried about whether she would win-in her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before.24.Sally thought of building a go-kart to .A. practice drivingB.enter for a raceC. play with friendsD.do some research25.What did Sal
19、lys dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart?A. To have a test drive.B. To take a good rest.C. To give it a cool name.D. To paint it light blue. 26.Sallys story mainly tells us that A.winning a race is importantB.fishing brings us a lot of funC.driving experience is necessaryD.learning happens
20、during the processCSometimes it seems that time is flying. Perhaps it doesnt need to feel this way. Our experience of time can be possibly changed. By understanding the psychological (心理学的) processes behind our different experiences of time, we might be able to slow down time a little.One basic law
21、of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when were exposed ( 接 触 ) to new environments and experiences. The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process. The more information our minds take in, the slower time seems to
22、pass.It follows, then, that we have different experiences of time in different situations. In some situations, our life is full of new experiences. Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down. In other situations, we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes m
23、ore and more familiar 0M; (熟悉的). We become insensitive to our experience, which means we process less information, and time seems to speed up.How can we slow down time? Here are two suggestions.Firstly, since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster, we can expose ourselves to as many new exp
24、eriences as possible. We can give ourselves new challenges, meet new people, and expose our minds to new information, hobbies and skills. This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand (增加) our experience of time.Secondly, and perhaps most effectively, we can give our whol
25、e attention to an experience-to what we are seeing, feeling, tasting, smelling or hearing. This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts. For example, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with. Look
26、 at the sky, or at the buildings you pass, traveling among them. This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect.To a certain degree, we can understand and control our experience of time passing. Its possible for us to slow down time by expa
27、nding our experience of time.27.According to the writer, we can expand our experience of time by .A. going to bed on timeB. traveling to new placesC. having dinner as usualD. printing the same materials28.What can we learn from the passage?A.Being familiar with the world around helps us get more inf
28、ormation.B.Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly.C.We can take in more information by living through our senses.D.We should build a stronger relationship between time and us.29.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Slow Down TimeB. Only Time Will T
29、ellC. Race Against TimeD. Time Will Not Come TwiceDHow Much Can We Afford to Forget?In 2018, Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students. Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities. As the Internet grows
30、more powerful, students can access (获得) knowledge easily. Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads?Civilizations (文明) develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary. In the Agricultural (农业的) Age, a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills. When s
31、ocietiesindustrialized, the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget. Nowadays, smart machines give us access to most human knowledge. It seems that we no longer need to remember most things. Does it matter?Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen. For one, human beings have
32、biases (偏见), and smart machines are likely to increase our biases. Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective, but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process. In the process, human beings still decide on the correct answers.Another problem relat
33、es to the ease of accessing information. When there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library. We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books, and what lies in our heads. But today, the Internet gives us the information we need quickly. T
34、his can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along.In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence, we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored. But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily. The c
35、ollapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being ( 健 康 ) depends upon, such as food and energy, would produce terrible results. Without food we get hungry; without energy we feel cold. And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age.We
36、forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills. As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks, and can be found when we need them, perhaps theyre not really forgotten. Still, as time goes on, we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people.3
37、0.Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases?A.Because they go off course in testing and scoring.B.Because we control the training process on them.C.Because we offer them too much information.D.Because they overuse the provided answers.31.The ease of accessing information from the Internet
38、 .A.frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB.prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC.misleads us into thinking we already knew.the knowledgeD.separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines32.The word collapse in Paragraph 5 probably means A.a sudden failureB. t
39、he basic ruleC.a disappointing startD. the gradual development33.What is the writers main purpose in writing this passage?A.To question about the standards of information storage.B.To discuss our problems of communication with machines.C.To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability.D
40、.To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember.四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。(共 10 分，每小题 2 分)Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than ExpectedIce covers much of the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋）Some pieces of ice are huge, like moving islands. As temperatures have increased, however, some of the ice has
41、 begun to disappear. Scientists have discovered huge waves (海浪) in the arctic waters.The waves were discovered by accident in May, 2010. Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip. They wanted to study the icy waters.On May 2, the ship traveled east and stopped next to a large ch
42、unk of ice around 50 miles from the small island of Hopen. Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the ice. We were ready to go but when I went out, I discovered many cracks (裂缝) around, he remembers.He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe. The farther in they went, he
43、thought, the harder the ice would become. As they pushed forward, however, the ship experienced small waves, and then bigger ones. Soon, the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces.Within an hour, Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high. The ship
44、s navigation ( 航 行 ) system finally recorded the largest waves. They were more than 20 feet in height. The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down, breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour. Scientists had never imagined that the process could hap
45、pen so fast. The waves in these areas used to be small.The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advance when they are coming. That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them. Wildlif
46、e like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger.Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in these icy waters. As waves break up ice, the seas will become more open, and the waves will get even stronger. There are stormy times ahead.34.When did Mar
47、chenko and his students discover huge waves in the arctic waters?35.Why did Marchenko and his students set out on the trip?36.What did Marchenko decide to do to keep safe?37.How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system?38.What is Paragraph 7 mainly about?书面表达(共 10 分)五、文段表达(10 分)
48、39.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 50 词的文段写作。文中已给出内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。题目假如你是李华，你们学校正在开展“安全月”宣传活动，倡议大家制作关于安全教育的主题海报，你们班交换生Peter 给你发邮件询问相关事情。请用英语回复一封邮件，告诉他海报上交的时间，并分享你设计海报的一些想法。提示词语:design, safety rule, careful, protect, picture提示问题:When should you hand in the poster?What would you like to share with Peter ab