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1、Unit 3Understanding each otherVocabularyModule 6 Unit 3 Vocabulary congratulate:v:_ n:_ 因因向某人表示祝向某人表示祝贺贺_ _祝贺祝贺congratulate sb on sthcongratulationoffer/give ones congratulations on sbCongratulations!permit:v._/n:_n(允许)_允许某人做某事:_(被动):_允许做某事_with/withoutonespermission_Time/Weatherpermitting,Illgoonat
2、riptoDali._思考:与”permit”用法相似的词还有:_允许，准许允许，准许许可证许可证permissionpermit sb to do sth.时间时间/天气允许的话，我会去大理旅游。天气允许的话，我会去大理旅游。sb be permitted to do sth.permit doing sth.有有/没有某人的许可没有某人的许可.allow/advise/forbid3.expectation:n._ live up to ones expectation _beyond ones expectation _ v._ 期望某人做某事期望某人做某事:_期望、期待期望、期待对得起
3、对得起/不辜负某人的期望不辜负某人的期望expect超乎某人的预料超乎某人的预料expect sb to do sth.1.reception:n n(接待员接待员)_ 2.offence:n v:_3.celebration:n v:_ 4.religion:n adj._5.slight:adj.adv._6.bravery:n adj._7.govern:v n(统治者统治者)_ n(政府政府)_8.musical adj.n（音乐）（音乐）_ n(音乐家音乐家)_9.mysterious:adj.n:_ 10.Indian:adj./n n:_receptionistoffendcel
4、ebratereligiousslightlybravegovernorgovernmentmusicmusicianmysteryIndia1.ensure(vt):_/_ 2.prohibit(v):_3.account(n):_ 4.get/be accustomed to sth./doing sth.:_1.familiar:_/_ 2.2.minority:_guaranteemake sureforbiddescriptionbe/get used to doing sth.unfamiliarstrangemajorityUnit 3Understanding each oth
5、erReadingEnjoyingshortdialoguesDialogue 1Mr Black:Your son is so lovely!Mrs White:Oh,thank you.He certainly is.Lead-inWhy do Mrs White and Mr Li response to the same question differently?Dialogue 2Mr Black:Your son is so lovely!Mr Li:Oh,he is too naughty and still has shortcomings!Cultural differenc
6、esgreeting wayseating and clothesfestivalswedding customs body languageStepII.Readingstrategy.1.Examples can be used to explain _ 2.and _ to support _ and as3._.2.Understanding of examples can help us understand a text better.conceptsideasargumentsthe useinteresting storiesRead the text quickly and
7、answer the following questions.WhenisthebesttimetoopenthepresentyoureceiveintheUK?(nomorethan6words)WhywontyougetenoughsleepwhenlivingnearaweddingreceptioninBrunei?(nomorethan16words)WhenisBonfireNightcelebrated?(nomorethan5words)As soon as I receive it.Because people play loud drums to celebratethe
8、 wedding at night for a long time.On November 5th.OccasionReceiving presents4._Otheraspects(方面)1_:Cultural differencesInthewest,itis2._forapersonnottoopenthepresenthehasreceived,becausepeopleliketosee3._ofthereceiver.In Korea,a live hen and a rooster are used during the ceremony.A hen is thought to
9、5._ and a rooster is believed to drive away 6._.In Brunei,men and women dont sit 7._.Alcohol is prohibited.People celebrate the wedding by 8._.In many countries,people use their first finger to point,which is considered a kind of 9._ in Brunei.So people there use their thumb instead.Detailed informa
10、tionIn the UK,native English speakers have different 10._.Topicrudethe reactionCelebrating the Wedding/The wedding ceremonyensure good luckbad spiritstogetherplaying loud drumscultureoffenceFillintheblankswithonly one word.OnceanAmericanboysaidtoaChinesestudentthathisEnglishwasverygood.ButtheChinese
11、studentsanswered1._itwasverypoor.HewassurprisedatwhyChinesecouldntacceptacompliment（赞扬）in2._samewayastheAmericandosaying“Thankyou”.Inourcountry,wethinkbeingmodestisavirtue（美德）andbeingproudisabadthing,3._inmyopinion,beingconfidentdoesntmeanbeingproud,sosometimesyoushouldbeconfidentinstead4._beingmode
12、st.Ifyouaremodestandsay,“No,ImafraidIcantdoitwell.”,the5._willthinkyoureallycannotdoit.6._askingforajob,onesayssomethinglike“Yes,Icancertainlydoit”insteadof“Letmehaveatry”，7._meanshewillexpecttogetit.8._,youshouldbebravetoshowyourconfidence.thatthebutofothersWhenSo/ThereforewhichM6U3 1.culturaldiffe
13、rences_2.besupposedtodo_3.drivebadspiritsaway_4.bethoughttodo_5.ensuregoodluck_6.layeggs_7.duringtheceremony_8.throughoutthenight_9.beused/accustomedtodoing_10.havetrouble/difficultydoingsth_11.befamiliarwith_12.appropriatebehavior_13.adjustto_14.afterall_文化差异文化差异应该应该赶走鬼神赶走鬼神被认为被认为确保好运确保好运下蛋下蛋在仪式上在仪
14、式上整夜整夜习惯于做某事习惯于做某事做某事有困难做某事有困难对对熟悉熟悉合适的行为合适的行为适应适应毕竟毕竟1.Why dont youtellherabouttheBritishteacherwho openedthepresentas soon as hereceiveditat the end-of-term ceremony?为什么不和她讲讲在学期末的仪式上一收到礼物就为什么不和她讲讲在学期末的仪式上一收到礼物就拆开的英国老师呢？拆开的英国老师呢？Why dont you=Why not“为何不为何不”定语从句定语从句时间状语从句时间状语从句2.Roostersare supposed
15、 todrivebadspiritsaway fromtheweddingceremony,andhensare thought toensure good luckforthemarriage.公鸡被认为可以赶走婚礼上的鬼神，大家认为母鸡可以为公鸡被认为可以赶走婚礼上的鬼神，大家认为母鸡可以为婚姻带来好运。婚姻带来好运。be supposed to:应该应该drive sth away：赶走：赶走be thought to:被认为被认为ensure good luck：确保好运：确保好运3.Anotherdifferenceis/that whileweservefood,softdrink
16、s,teaandcoffee,alcoholis not permittedattheweddingreception-infact,alcoholisaltogetherprohibited./另外一个差异就是虽然婚礼上摆放食物，饮料，茶以及咖另外一个差异就是虽然婚礼上摆放食物，饮料，茶以及咖啡，但酒是不允许的，其实，酒是完全禁止的。啡，但酒是不允许的，其实，酒是完全禁止的。表语从句表语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句altogether=completely4.It is quite funnywatchingthenewforeignteacherstrying toadjust to do
17、ingthat.看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很滑稽。看新来的外教努力适应这个动作的样子很滑稽。形式主语形式主语watch sb doing sth:看某人在做看某人在做try to do:努力去干某事努力去干某事真正真正的主的主语语adjust to doing 适应做某事适应做某事Myeyeshadtoadjusttothedarknessinside.Thebodyquicklyadjusteditselftothetemperature.同根词：adjustable_adjustment_adj:可调节的可调节的N.调整，适应调整，适应5.Anotherthingis,ifyouc
18、ametoBrunei,youif引导的从句对现在进行虚拟：主句：woulddo从句：didwould have totakeoffyourshoesbefore going intosomeoneshouse.还有就是如果你来到文莱，你进别人家门前就得脱鞋。还有就是如果你来到文莱，你进别人家门前就得脱鞋。时间状语时间状语6.Butwhatisreallyinterestingis thattherearesometimesgreatculturaldifferencesevenbetweennativeEnglishspeakers.但真正有趣的是，即使都以英语为母语的人们之间有但真正有趣的
19、是，即使都以英语为母语的人们之间有时候也存在着很大的文化差异。时候也存在着很大的文化差异。主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句Step III:Exercises（8分钟）分钟）-To test integrating skills.1._makeshisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever2.Whatareyoudoingoutofbed,Tom?Youre_tosleep.A.supposedB.knownC.thoughtD.considered3.Passengersar
20、epermitted_onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.A.tocarry.B.carryingC.tobecarriedD.beingcarried4.Welleatassoonasthemeat_.A.doesB.isdoneC.doneD.doing5.Areyoufamiliar_thesoftwaretheyuse?6.Youllquickly_theschoollife!(适应)7.可以确定的是你已成功地通过了这次考试。(What.isthat.)_AAABwithadjust toWhat is certain is that you h
21、ave already passed this test.Module 6 Unit3 Reading Culture difference Language points 1.Anotherdifferenceisthatwhileweservefood,softdrinks,teaandcoffee,alcoholisnotpermittedattheweddingreceptioninfact,alcoholisaltogetherprohibitedinBrunei.permit(n.)许可证许可证permit(v.)-permitted-permitted允许，准许，许可e.g.1)
22、Pleasepermitmetointroducemyself.2)Wedontpermitsmokingintheclassroom.3)Thesestoresdontpermitsalesofalcohol.Conclusion:_/_ _ _permit sb to do sthpermit doingpermit sthSb be permitted to do拓展：拓展：permission(n.)允许，许可。允许，许可。ask permission 请请求求许许可可;without permission 未经许可未经许可E.g:_.他未经我许可用我的电脑使我很生气.prohibit
23、(vt.)-prohibited-prohibitedHe used my computer without my permission,which made me angry.1)（尤指以法令）禁止（尤指以法令）禁止prohibit sth./doing sth./sb.from doing sth.1.学校禁止在校园里使用手机。_2)妨碍，阻止；使不可能妨碍，阻止；使不可能1.Hispooreyesightprohibitedhimfromturningpilot._2.Thehighcostofequipmentprohibitsmanypeoplefromtakingupthisspo
24、rt._他的视力差他的视力差阻止他阻止他成为飞行员成为飞行员这个设备的高费用使许多人们不能从事这项运动这个设备的高费用使许多人们不能从事这项运动。The school prohibits using mobile phones in the campus.2.Well,its what we do in the West.本句中whatwedointheWest为_what做_的宾语.解解题题指指导导对于名词性从句中连接代词或连接副词的选择类考题,可以用分析句子结构或翻译法来解题!Eg:1.（2011)Ourteachersalwaystellustobelievesin_wedoandwho
25、weareifwewanttosucceed.A.whyB.how C.whatD.which2.(2011)BarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whom表语从句表语从句doCB3).(2011)Itwasneverclear_themanhadntreportedtheaccidentsooner.A.thatB.howC.whenD.why3.Its rude not to open a present when someone gives you one.代词one,that,it的区
26、别_one=a+单数可数名词单数可数名词（泛指）（泛指）同类不同物同类不同物that=the+单数名词或不可数名词（特指）单数名词或不可数名词（特指）同类不同物同类不同物it指代上文提到的单数名词或不可数名词指代上文提到的单数名词或不可数名词 同类同物同类同物D1)Helpingothersisahabit,_youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.2)ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXianishigherthan_inanyotherareaofthecity.3)TheEnglishspokenintheUnitedStatesisonlys
27、lightlydifferentfrom_spokeninEngland.4)-Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandborrow_?-No,Idratherbuy_inthebookstore.onethatthatitone4.Its time for me to go.Itstimeforsbtodosth._Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.Itis(highabout)timethatthechildrenshouldgotobed._Conclusion:Its(highabout)ti
28、me+that从句。从句的谓语用虚拟语气，即_或_且_不可省)该某人做某事的时候该某人做某事的时候孩子们该睡觉的时候了。孩子们该睡觉的时候了。一般过去时一般过去时(did)should+doshould拓展:E.g:ItisthefirsttimethatIhaveseensuchabigwatermelon._ItwasthesecondtimethatIhadbeentoEurope.Conclusion:It This is the first second third.time/最最高高级级+that 从句。（从句用从句。（从句用_时态时态）ItThis was the first s
29、econdthird.time/最最高高级级+that 从句。（从句用从句。（从句用_-时态时态）Eg:-Dontyouknowourtownatall?-No,thisisthefirsttimeI_(come)here。这是我第一次见到如此大的西瓜。这是我第一次见到如此大的西瓜。这是我第二次到过欧洲。这是我第二次到过欧洲。have/has done 现在完成时现在完成时had done 过去完成时过去完成时have comeStep II Practice:1.Itsnotrudenottoopenapresentwhensomeonegivesyou_A.oneB.itC.theoneD
30、.Ones2.ThisisthesecondtimethatI_her.A.sawB.haveseenC.hadseenD.shouldsee3.Itishightimethatthechildren_toschool.A.goB.havegoneC.wentD.hadgone4.Idliketostartmyownbusinessthats_IddoifIhadthemoney.A.whyB.whenC.whichD.What5.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_Idisagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how6
31、.Wearenotpermitted_noiseintheoffice.A.tomakeB.madeC.makeD.makingABCDBAM6U3 Grammar and usage Unreal conditionals (I)Learning aims:Getageneralunderstandingoftheunrealconditionals;Learntouseunrealconditionalsofthepresent,pastorfuturetime.Learning difficulties and important points:Learntounderstandwhen
32、andhowtouseunrealconditionalscorrectly.Step I.Lead-in Enjoy a song together with a task.Task:Try to translate the part of lyric of the song In English with the unreal conditionals:如果我能看得见如果我能看得见,就能轻易的（就能轻易的（easily）分辨）分辨(tell.from)白天黑夜白天黑夜,就能准确的就能准确的(firmly)在人群中牵住你的手。在人群中牵住你的手。如果我能看得见，如果我能看得见，就能驾车带你就
33、能驾车带你(drive you to travel)到处遨游，到处遨游，就能惊喜的从背后给你一个拥抱就能惊喜的从背后给你一个拥抱(a surprising hug)。如果我能看得见，如果我能看得见，生命也许完全生命也许完全(absolutely)不同，不同，可能可能(maybe)我想要的我喜欢的我爱的都不一样。我想要的我喜欢的我爱的都不一样。Definition:虚拟语气是指说话者所讲的内容与事实相反事实相反的或是其现实的可能性微乎其微，甚至没有实现的可能性微乎其微，甚至没有实现的可能性，但有时为了使说话的语气客气，缓和客气，缓和,委婉委婉，也可使用虚拟语气。在条件句中的应用:条件句可分为两类
34、，一类为真实条件句，即假设的情况是有可能发生有可能发生的（这时谓语用陈述语气陈述语气，不用虚拟语气虚拟语气)，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性假设的或实际可能性不大不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气采用虚拟语气.Step II:Presentation:Workoutthestructureofunrealconditionalsaccordingtothesentencesbelow.1.IfDengziqihad performedbetter,shewould have wonthefirstplaceinIAmaSingerlastyear.2.IfIwere the
35、 MinisterofEducation,Iwould trymybesttomakethepupilsschoolbaglighter.3.IfIhadagreatdealofmoneyinthefuture,Iwould buyavilla(别墅)formyparents.IfIwere to meetObamaoneday,Iwould tellhimthatwhenyoumakepeacewithyourself,thenyoucanbeinpeacewiththerestoftheworld.Ifyoushould makemistakesthisperiod,youshould n
36、ot feelembarrassed.Comeon!虚拟语气用于非真实条件状语从句时，主句与从句的谓语形式如下：从句主句与过去事实相反与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反与将来事实相反haddonewould/could/should/mighthavedonedid/werewould/could/should/mightdowould/could/should/mightdo1.did/were2.weretodo3.shoulddoStep III.Practice 1.IfI_(have)onemillionYuannow,I_.2.Ifwe_(have)nocla
37、ssesthisweekend,we_.3.Iftheboys_(prepare)wellfortheEnglishDictationContestlastweek,they_.hadwould have a trip in spacehad/were to have/should havewould go to see a filmhad preparedwouldnt have been defeatedStep IV.Expansion of unreal conditionals1.错综时间条件状语从句：错综时间条件状语从句：主从句谓语动词发生的时间不一致时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据
38、间来调整调整。eg.1).Ifyou_theadviceofthedoctor,you_allrightnow.如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。（从句动作指_，主句动作指_）。2).Ifyou_speakingEnglishmore,you_abletospeakitfluently.如果你以前多练习讲英语，现在就能讲得很流利了。3).IfIhadntworkedhardinmyseniorhighschool,I_inKingQueennow.A.wouldntbeteachingB.wouldnthavetaughtC.didntteachD.wontteachhad follow
39、edwould feel过去过去现在现在had practicedwould be2.在虚拟的条件状语从句中可以省略if，但省略if时，从句要倒装,即将should/were/had 提前到句首，变成倒装句式倒装句式。eg:1）Ifwehadmadeadequate(充分的)preparations,wemighthavesucceeded.=_adequate(充分的)preparations,wemighthavesucceeded.2).Ifyourmothershouldcall,whatwouldyousay?=_,whatwouldyousay?3)._tomorrow,hewou
40、ldgettherebyFriday.A.WerehetoleaveB.IfhehadleftC.WeretoheleaveD.HadheleftHad we madeShould your mother callStep V.TaskTeamwork:Trytodiscussinyourgroupsandtranslatethefirstpartofthelyrics(歌词)with unreal conditionals.如果我能看得见如果我能看得见,就能轻易的（就能轻易的（easily）分辨）分辨(tell.from)白天黑夜，白天黑夜，就能准确的就能准确的(firmly)在人群中牵住你
41、的手。在人群中牵住你的手。If I could see(with my eyes)，I would easily tell days from nights，I would hold your hand firmly in the crowd.如果我能看得见,就能驾车带你(drive you to travel)到处遨游,就能惊喜的从背后给你一个拥抱(a surprising hug).If I could see(with my eyes)，I would drive you to travel around the world/everywhere，I would give you a s
42、urprising hug from your back.如果我能看得见,生命也许完全(absolutely)不同,可能(maybe)我想要的我喜欢的我爱的都不一样.If I could see(with my eyes)，My life would be absolutely different,Maybe my favorite,my love would not be the same as before.Step VI.Consolidation(-To test whether you can use unreal conditionals correctly.)Pleasewrit
43、eashortpoemwiththetitle If I,tryingtousethestructuresofunreal conditionals.Anexampleforyou:IfI hadnt seenanadvertisementforteachersinKingQueen11yearsago,Iwouldnt have takentheinterview,IfIhadnt takentheinterview,Icouldnt be teaching inKingQueennow,IfIdidnt teachinKingQueen,Icouldnt haveachancetostay
44、withyou,IfIhadntsuchachance,Iwouldnt know youaresocuteandIwouldnt feel happyliketoday.M6U3 Grammar and usage Unreal conditionals (II)Step I.Revision:1.Ifwe_theotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken2._hecome,theproblemwouldbesettled.A.WouldB.ShouldC.Shal
45、lD.If3.MaybeifI_science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying4.You_allrightnowifyou_tothedoctorthen.A.wouldbe;hadlistenedB.wouldhavebeen;hadlistenedC.wouldbe;listenedD.wouldhavebeen;listened5.Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_,she_absentfromschool.A.wer
46、enotill;wouldntbeB.hadbeenill;wouldnthavebeenC.hadbeenill;shouldhavebeenD.hadntbeenill;couldbe6.Ifyouhadenoughmoney,what_?A.willyoubuyB.wouldyoubuyC.wouldyouhaveboughtD.willyouhavebought7.Ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcomeStep II:虚拟语气的特殊
47、情况虚拟语气的特殊情况:1.含蓄条件句：用with（如果),without,butfor(如果不是)，or/otherwise(否则)，代替if引导条件状语从句。E.g:1).Butfor/withouthishelp,Iwouldnthavefinishedmystudies.Ifhe_me,Iwouldnothavefinishedmystudies.2).Withmoremoney,Icouldhelpmorepeopleinneed._,Icouldhelpmorepeopleinneed.3).Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe_.Awasbusy
48、B.isbusyC.hadbeenbusyD.willbebusy4).I_throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.AcouldnthavegoneB.didntgoC.wouldntgoD.hadntgone5).We_Johnsnameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.A.willputB.willhaveputC.wouldputD.wouldhaveputhadnthelpedIIf I had more money2.情态动词情态动词用于虚拟1).情态动词的过去式过去式用于用于
49、现在时现在时，表说话人的谦虚，谦虚，客气，客气，礼貌礼貌或委婉语或委婉语 气气，常见于会话中。Eg:It wouldbebetterforyounottostayuptoolate.2).情态动词后接havedone表对过去过去的虚拟，(含有责备，遗憾，后悔，批评的语气）如：couldhavedone本能够/可以做却没有做should(not)havedone本应该做却没有做/本不应该做却做了neednthavedone本不需要做却做了wouldhavedone过去本会/愿意做couldnt/cant have done _might/may have done _Eg:Iwasreallya
50、nxiousaboutyou.You_homewithoutaword.(2001全国全国)A.mustntleaveB.shouldnthaveleftC.couldnthaveleft D.needntleave过去不可能做了过去不可能做了过去可能做了过去可能做了表推测表推测must have done:过去一定做了某事过去一定做了某事3.would rather “宁愿”Eg:Iwouldratheryoudidntmakeanycommentontheissuenow.IwouldratherIhadnt been stuck inthetrafficyesterday.Conclus