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1、英译汉教程A Course in English-Chinese Translation 王静安 教授第四节 否 定n否定含义的理解和表达是英汉翻译中一个不可忽视的课题。英语否定句包括完全否定、部分否定、双重否定、转移否定等类型。现就英语各种否定类型及翻译方法分述如下。n一、双重否定n1“双重否定”可以加强语气,起到强调的作用,译文要表现的明确、有力。nNot a day passed without shootings and bombardments between these two countries in Europe.nThere is no rule that has no ex
2、ception.n3英语里一些固定结构如toonot to,notbut,等当属“双重否定”,要注意这种结构的汉译。nHe is too sensitive not to notice that.nIt is impossible but that a man will make some mistakes.nAtoms are far too tiny to be seen even with the strongest microscopes.nNobody but has his faults.n有时也可根据具体语境,把“双重否定”句译为肯定句。nThis is a matter of
3、no small consequence.nNothing is so beautiful but it betrays some defect on close inspection.nWe are never too old to learn.nAll this is not necessary.nI dont remember all their names.nAll the chemical energy of the fuel is not converted into heat.nNo,everything is not straightened out.nBoth the ins
4、truments are not precision ones.nBoth read the same Bible,and pray the same God;and each invokes His aid against the other.The prayers of both could not be answered.n三、转移否定n被否定的实际上是动词后面的宾语从句。nI dont think its right to make such a hasty decision.n五、各种固定的词语搭配如cannotto,yet to,rather than,morethan等。nThe
5、 importance of this conference cannot be overestimated.nOne can scarcely pay too high a price for liberty.nOne could not be too careful in a new neighborhood.nIm wiser than to believe what you call money talks.n在这两个欧洲国家之间没有一天不是相互进行枪击炮轰。n任何规则都有例外。n他那么敏感,不会不注意到的。n人不会不犯错误。n原子小的甚至用最大的显微镜也看不到。n无人没有缺点(人总有
6、缺点)。n这件事可是关系重大。n再漂亮的东西,只要仔细观察,也会发现某种缺陷。n活到老,学到老。n所有这一切并非全都必要。n我没有把他们的名字全都记住。n燃料中的所有化学能并非都可转为热能。n不,并非每一个问题都弄清楚了。n这两件东西不都是精密仪器。n双方念的是同一本圣经,拜的是同一个上帝,但各方都恳求上帝帮助去打对方。所以,双方的祈求不可能都得到满足。n我认为这样仓促地做出决定是不好的。n他们分手时感情不好。n我们召开这次会议不是来讨论这个问题的。n他并非由于需要这本书而去买的。n我们在那个城市从未因为是犹太人而遭受歧视。n日本已经开始在有限范围内提供高清晰度电视,有些欧洲国家也将在两年以内开始。美国至今尚未选定法定的高清晰度电视制式,因此可能会稍微落在后面。n你是否试过买几盒橙汁,而不是自己榨?