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1、 Saturation of reservoir fluid 1.Definition of saturation 定义定义Saturation is expressed as the fraction,or percent,of the total pore volume occupied by the oil,gas,or water.1)Oil saturation.Water saturation.Gas saturation 2)Connate or initial water saturation Swi Before developerment of reservoir,the
2、percent of the total pore volume occupied by the quantity of connate water in the rock.Connate water is the seawater trapped in porous spaces of the sediments during their deposition and lithificafion,long before the oil migrated into the reservoir rock.3)initial oil saturation Soi The ratio of oil
3、volume contained in a rock at original reservoir condition to the pore volume of that rock.Soi=1-Swi 4)irreducible oil saturation Sor Irreducible oil is the ratio of oil volume that is residual in rock after a kind of recover mathod is used to the pore volume of rock.2.Apllications of saturationcalc
4、ulating reservoir oil content N=AhSoi/Boi where:A=surface area of the reservoir,h=thickness of the formation,=porosity,fraction.Soi=initial oil saturation,fraction.Boi=oil formation volume factor EXAMPLE 1 A volumetric oil reservoir has the following characteristics:surface area of the reservoir A=1
5、4.4km2,thickness of the formation h=10m,porosity=0.2,connate water saturation swi=0.3,oil formation volume factor=1.2,specific gravity of oil=0.86 Calculate initial oil in place(reservoir oil content).SOLUTIONN=AhSoi/Boi=Ah(1-Siw)/Boi EXAMPLE 2A water flooding oil reservoir has the following charact
6、eristics:connate water saturation swi=0.3,saturation pressurePb=18MPa(megapascal),Initial formation pressurePi=23MPa,If the reservoir use water injection to produce,Calculate oil recovery at water saturation of 0.54,after water flooding.Oil recovery=produced oil volume original oil volumeOil recover
7、y=original oil volume-residual oil volume original oil volume 3.Determination of saturation1)Determining saturation by Well logging 测井法测井法2)Statistical formula method 统计公式法统计公式法3)Core sample analysis method 岩样分析法岩样分析法A.Distillation method 蒸馏法蒸馏法B.Retort method 干馏法干馏法C.Capillary-pressure method 毛管压力法
8、毛管压力法 1-solvene flask 溶溶剂剂瓶瓶 2-funnel with porous diaphragm多孔多孔 隔板漏斗隔板漏斗3-reflux condenser 回流冷凝器回流冷凝器4-glass trap 玻璃捕集器玻璃捕集器5-electric hot plate 电电加加热热炉炉Distillation method5Solvent extraction-type water-determination apparatus Principle of distillation methodPrinciple：The core saturated with reservo
9、ir fluid is weighed and placed to a funnel with porous diaphragm;The liquid solvent in flask is heated and the water present in the core is vaporized,carried into the reflux condenser,and caught in the glass trap.The volume of water collected is read.After extracted,the core is dried and weighed.Principle：Principle of distillation method:岩石的视密度岩石的视密度 visual density Retort methodPrinciple:The core saturated with reservoir fluid is heated and the water and oil present in the core is vaporized,carried into the reflux condenser,and caught in the glass measure.Ct=Cf+(SoCo+SwCw+SgCg)