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1、Using language(P41)新新外研版外研版 Book 1 Unit 4 Friends forever Attributive clauses(1)1 Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.a We can stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.b The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interest
2、sQuestions1 What does“that”refer to in sentence(a)?2 What does“who”refer to in sentence(b)?Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.c We can.stay in touch with people.We want to remain friends with them.d The digital age also enables us to find people.These people share our
3、 interestsQuestions3 What is the difference between the two groups of sentences？4 Why does the author choose to use sentences(a)and(b)in the reading passage?5 What other words are used to introduce attributiveclauses?What do they prefer to?Now look for more sentences with these structures in the rea
4、ding passage.Click for a friend P38-39.docGrammar focus：Attributive clauses 例句分析例句分析：Harry Potter is a boy who has magic power.一一、定义：定义：在复合句中，用来修饰在复合句中，用来修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从的从句就叫做句就叫做定语定语从句从句。这个从句在主句中充当。这个从句在主句中充当定语定语成成分。被修饰的词叫分。被修饰的词叫先行词先行词。引导定语从句的词叫引。引导定语从句的词叫引 导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。定语从句不同于单词
5、作定语从句不同于单词作定语定语的情况，它通常只能放的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即在被修饰的词（即先行词先行词）之后之后。定语从句定语从句二二、关系代词：关系代词：that,which,who,whom在定语在定语从句从句中作主语、宾语、表语，中作主语、宾语、表语，whose 作定语。作定语。指代人的有：指代人的有：who,whom,whose,that；指代物的有：指代物的有：that,which,whose.e.g.1.The man who helped you is Mr.White.(who代人，在定语从句中作主语。代人，在定语从句中作主语。)2.That is the pers
6、on(whom/who/that)you want to see.(whom,who,that 代人，在定语从句中作宾语，代人，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。可省略。)3.Im not the fool(that)you thought me to be.(that代人，在定语从句中作表语。代人，在定语从句中作表语。)4.This is the book(that/which)I bought yesterday.(that/which代物，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。代物，在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。)三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句和主
7、句之间不用逗号分开，修限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代词；非饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代词；非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。性定语从句的关系词不能省略。四、四、只用只用that引导的场合引导的场合1.当先行词既包括人又包括物时：当先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the men and t
8、he books that attracted him.2.指物的先行词被指物的先行词被any,every,only,very,all,no等修等修饰时：饰时：These are the very points that interest me.3.指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step that we are to take is very difficult.4.先行词是指物的不定代词先行词是指物的不定代词 all,little,few,much 及及everything,anything,nothing等时：等时：
9、There is still much that can be done about it.5.先行词是先行词是who时：时：Who that have seen him does not like him?五、五、“介词关系代词介词关系代词”用法用法1.介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，例如：例如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with是习惯性搭配是习惯性搭配)2.介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配）介词常受先行词的制约（即介词和先行词的搭配
10、），例如：例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即即through the telescope)3.当关系代词作当关系代词作“动词介词动词介词”固定短语的宾语时，固定短语的宾语时，此时因短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。此时因短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。例如：例如：This is the watch which youre looking for.2 Rewrite the underlined sentences with that,which,who,whom,o
11、r whose.1Lucy is my friend who/that has a hearing problem.2So I learnt a new language which/that allows me to“speak”with my hands.3 Lucy is a smart girl whose ideas are always inspiring.4 I sometimes have problems(that/which)I cant solve.5 Lucy is a good listener(whom/who/that)I enjoy sharing moment
12、s of my life with.3 Complete the online forum post with that,which,who,whom,or whose.1 that/which 2 whose 3 who/that 4 which/that 5 whom/whoExercisesComplete the sentences with who,which,or whose.1.The World Wide Fund for Nature is an organization _ aim is to protect wildlife.2.A volunteer is someon
13、e _ works without being paid.3.Animals _ live on the Tibetan plain have to survive in a hard climate.4.The Tibetan antelope is an animal _ wool is worth a lot of money.5.The shawls _ were found in London had just arrived from India.whosewhowhichwhosewhichComplete the sentences with of whom,to whom,f
14、or which or in which.1.The region _ the antelopes live is very cold.2.The volunteer _ I spoke said conditions were difficult.3.Jiesang is a hero _ we should be proud.4.There are several animals _ special laws have been introduced.in which to whomof whomfor which1.The best work _ Luxun wrote and _ I
15、have read has been made into a film.A.which;that B.that;C.;that D.;2.It was in 1969 _ two Americans got to the moon by space ship.A.when B.which C.that D.CC3._ the people,not things _ are most important.A.There are;who B.Those are;that C.It is;that D.It was;whoCMuitiple choice.4.The children,_ had played the whole day long,were worn out.A.all of what B.all of which C.all of them D.all of whom5.The house,I bought has a lovely garden.A.which B.that C.who D.in whichDAThank you!