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1、1.情态动词主要有情态动词主要有:can,could,may,might,must,have to,ought to,shall,should,will,would,need,dare，had better,etc.2.情态动词的语法特征：1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。2）情态动词 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。第1页/共21页情态动词是中学英语学习中的一个重点和难点，也是高考的重点考察内容之一。根据对历
2、年来试题的分析,高考的热点依次是:1.)推测和可能性；2.)情态动词+have done；3.)虚拟语气；4.)shall,should,can 和must 表特定语气.第2页/共21页Some of us can use the computer now,but we couldnt last year.It will be sunny in the daytime,but it could rain later on this evening.-Can I go now?-Yes,you can.Could you wait a few days for the money?Can thi
3、s news be true?How can you be so foolish?表示“能力”表示“客观可能性”表示“请求和允许”表示“请求”,口语中代替can,使语气更委婉,主要用于疑问句,答语用can.-Could I use your bike tomorrow?Yes,_.表示“惊异,怀疑,不相信的态度(主要用于否定句,疑问句和感叹句中)”(19)you can1.can和could/be able to Could we do well in our college entrance examination?Yes,we can!The fire spread so fast tha
4、t few people _ get out of it.was able to 第3页/共21页can/could:can never/canttoo表示“无论怎样也不过分”，“越越好”。你过马路的时候再小心也不为过。You cant be too careful while crossing the road.第4页/共21页May I watch TV after supper?Yes,_./No,_.Might I use your telephone?She may come tomorrow.He might have some fever.May you succeed!May
5、you have many more happy days!I know he tried hard,be that as it may,his work is just not good enough.you mayYou mustnt允许,许可禁止,阻止Might比May的语气更委婉表示可能性的推测,译为“大概,可能”用might时显得更加不肯定(4)用于祈使句表示祝愿2.May 和Might 尽管如此第5页/共21页A computer _ think for itself;it must be told what to do.A.cant B.couldnt C.may not D.m
6、ight notAmay _ can_表主观“可能”表客观“可能”cannot_ may not_不可能可能不 may 和canHer grandpa _ well be over 100.I _ as well start at once.may/mightmay/might第6页/共21页1.You must finish your work on time.2.Why must you always interrupt me?3.-Can I borrow your car?-If you _.4.He must be working now for the light is still
7、 on in his study.3.must/have to must必须(9)偏要，硬要，非要(2,18)肯定的推测他们在玩篮球，他们一定完成了作业。They are playing basketball,they must have finished their homework.The road is wet.It must have rained just now.第7页/共21页We should be strict with ourselves.They should have arrived by two oclock.You are mistaken,I should say
8、.Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him.Should I be free tomorrow,Ill come.Why should you be so late today?表劝告和建议“应该”表推测,“可能,应该”用于第一人称,表示说话人的一种谦逊,客气,委婉用于If从句中表示可能性很小的事情,译为“万一”“Why/How+should”表示说话人对某事不能理解.4 Shall/should.竟然第8页/共21页Shall we begin our lessons?Shall the driver wait?You shall have th
9、e book when I finished it.He shall be punished.You shall be punished if you insist on doing it this way.用于第一,三人称,表征求对方意见或请示.用于第二,三人称陈述句中表命令,警告,允诺或威胁第9页/共21页1.When he was there,he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner every day.A.would B.should C.had better D.might2.Whats the name of the book?Khulai
10、fi._ I spell it for you?A.Shall B.Would C.Can D.Might第10页/共21页5.shall与should-Excuse me,but I want to use your computer to type a report.-You _ have my computer if you don t take care of it.A.shant B.might not C.neednt D.shouldntAShall 可表“警告、威胁、许诺、决心”等Why should he think that?Should 表“劝告、建议”，译为“应当”；有
11、时也表“预测”、“可能”或表示说话人的惊奇、愤怒、失望等感情。第11页/共21页He darent speak English before such a crowd,dare he?判断正误:He darent to speak English before such a crowd,did he?This dish needs be cleaned carefully.This dish needs to be cleaned carefully.This dish needs cleaning carefully.6.need、dare 第12页/共21页7.will/would:1.表
12、示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。2.表示意志、愿望和决心。I will never do that again.3.可表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性。翻译为“经常、惯于、总是”。(7)1).The old man _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work.wouldused to?I _live in BeijingChildren _ know the story of Abraham Lincoln.used toused to第13页/共21页2).门就是打不开!
13、The door wont open.第14页/共21页8.表对过去的推测:情态动词+have+down对过去肯定推测:对过去否定推测:对过去的可能推测:must have done couldnt have donemight have done9.表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成He must be reading,_?What he said cant be true,_?He must have gone over the article,_?It must have rained last night,_?isnt heis ithasnt hedidnt it第15页/共21页典型错误
14、典型错误1.He mustnt be in the classroom,for I saw him on the playground just now.()cant2.You might leave the bag in the hall.()might have left3.You must have seen the film last week,havent you?()didnt you 4.Obama must have been to China,didnt he?()hasnt he第16页/共21页情态动词的虚拟用法could本来可以做本来可以做might本来也许可以本来也许
15、可以neednt原本不必做原本不必做should本应该做本应该做shouldnt本不应该做本不应该做ought to本应该做本应该做惋惜惋惜惋惜惋惜惋惜惋惜责备责备责备责备责备责备have donehave donehave donehave donehave donehave done第17页/共21页 1.I dont know where she is,she _ be in Wuhan.2.At this moment,our teacher _ our exam papers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3.The road is wet.It _ last night.(rain
16、)4.Your mother _ for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你。maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have been looking第18页/共21页5.Philip _ seriously in the car accident.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6.-Linda has gone to work,but her bicycle is still here.-She _(go)by bus.7.Mike _ his car,for he came to work by bus this morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因
17、为早上他是坐 公共汽车来上班的。may(might)have been hurtmay(might)have gonecant have found第19页/共21页I _ my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes.If we had taken the other road,we _earlier.You the flowers this morning,for its raining now.You so careless.could have passedmight have arrivedneednt have wateredought not to have beenshould not have been第20页/共21页Thanks！第21页/共21页