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1、How to do cloze tests?高考总体要求高考总体要求 完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。力和总体语言水平。要求学生必要求学生必须须具具备备一定的一定的词汇词汇量量和和语语法法知知识识，而且，而且还还必必须须具具备备一定的一定的阅读阅读理解能理解能力、分析能力和力、分析能力和逻辑逻辑推理能力推理能力，使完形后的文章不，使完形后的文章不仅仅在在语语法上准确，用法上准确，用词词恰当，而且意思、恰当，而且意思、逻辑逻辑无无误误。Brief introduction Step1，Skip the passage to g
2、et the general idea and pay attention to the first sentence.(2minutes)（跳读掌握大意，注意首句）（跳读掌握大意，注意首句）Step2，Reread and choose the best answer for each blank by using some skills.(11minutes)（借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案）（借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案）Step3，Read the passage again and check the answers.(2minutes)（复读检查）（复读检查）Three st
3、eps Step1：Skip(跳读跳读)the passage to get the general idea and pay attention to the first sentence.In the cloze test,there is no blank in the first sentence(首句首句).It helps us to know the topic of the whole passage.(完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境）eg,Asageneralrule,allformsofactivityleadtoboredomwhent
4、heyareperformedonaroutine(常常规规)basis.（2014新新课标课标全国卷全国卷I）Step2 Reread and choose the best answer for each blank by using some skills.在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于 一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案。一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案。Sample 11.Many old people dont have good .They cant watch TV,but they can listen to the music.A.hearing B.hea
5、lth C.eyesight D.time2.Many Africans are very and so they cant afford to eat much meat with their cereal.A healthy B.poor C.rich D.weak3.Somepartsofthewaterareveryshallow.Butinsomeplacesitisvery.A.deepB.highC.coldD.dangerouschoosingbycontext(上下文语境上下文语境)skill1 Exercise（湖北试卷）Its all in a day s work fo
6、r a war reporter,and it can be very 39 .In the first two years of the 40 in former Yugoslavia(前南斯拉夫),28 reporters and photographers were killed.Hundreds more were 41 .What kind of people put themselves in danger to 42 pictures to our TV screens and 43 to our newspapers?39.A.dangerous B.exciting C.no
7、rmal D.disappointing40.A.stay B.fight C.war D.life41.A.injured B.buried C.defeated D.saved42.A.bring B.show C.take D.make43.A.scenes B.passages C.stories D.contentsSample 2 1，(Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the_ hospital.A.animal B.biggest C.plant D.nearest2，The space
8、is left to let the railexpand（膨胀）when it gets _.A.wet B.cold C.hot D.dry3，It was an early morning in summer.In the street,sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly,heading towards their(3).A.homes B.houses C.restaurants D.officesskill2 choosing by commonsense常识背景常识背景NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehav
9、ing43contact(接触接触)evenwithfriends,andcertainlynotwith44.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries,45,toucheachotherquitealot.43.A.eyeB.verbalC.bodilyD.telephone44.A.strangersB.relativesC.neighboursD.enemies45.A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhandC.inasimilarwayD.byallmeans（2012新新课标课标全国卷）全国卷）分析：如果对不同国家的文化有一定的了解，就会清楚
10、北欧人不喜欢与朋友有“身体上的（bodily）”接触，更不用说“陌生人（strangers）”。而“另一方面（on the other hand）”拉丁美洲的人却喜欢肢体接触。这几个空格利用积累的背景文化知识即可填出。Sample 3（江苏试卷）The chance passed and I didnt (1)it.I took the exam the next day and I won.I didnt (2)to cheat,but I was still cheating anyhow.1.A.take B.have C.lose D.find2.A.remember B.learn
11、C.mean D.pretendskill3 choosing by phrases&idioms(习惯搭配法习惯搭配法)skill4.Sample 4 1.Soon I heard a(1)like that of a door burst in,and then a clime of feet.A.sound B.cry C.voice D.noise2.It was a pleasant way of passing time for an old man who lived(2).A.lonely B.alone C.away D.busily The back door and th
12、e windows were all closed and there was no(3)of forced entry.A.scene B.show C.sign D.sightchoosing by comparison(词义辨析法词义辨析法)skill5 .例5（浙江试卷）(1)It was raining.I went into a cafe and asked for a coffee._ I was waiting for my drink,I realized there were other people in the place,.A.Before B.Since C.Alt
13、hough D.While 2).I realized that_ I had done that,I would have lost a new friend and missed all the fun we would have together.(2003 北京 春季 53题）A.before B.if C.while D.as3).As my father,_worked three jobs,once told me,（2003 北京 54题）A.he B.that C.who D.whoeverchoosing by grammar.(语法分析法语法分析法)skill6 .例6
14、1，It has been many years since I was last in London I still remember something that happened during that visit.A.and B.for C.but D.as 2，I had an auto repairman once,who,on these intelligence tests,could not 38 have scored more than 80.39,when anything went wrong with my car,I hurried to him and he a
15、lways fixed it.(NMET 2002)38.A.always B.possibly C.certainly D.frequently39.A.Then B.Thus C.Therefore D.Yetchoosing by logic(逻辑分析法逻辑分析法)The skills of finishing cloze?skill1.choosing by context(上下文语境)skill2.choosing bycommon sense常识背景skill3.choosing by phrases&idioms(习惯搭配法)skill4.choosing by comparis
16、on(词义辨析法)skill5.choosing by grammar.(语法分析法)skill6.choosing by logic(逻辑分析法)做题三忌：做题三忌：v急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题。v只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。v断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系。Practice I decided to leave,and Dad tried to sway(使动摇)me from my decision,(48)any good father would.When he rea
17、lized I had made up my mind,he said,“Richard,when I was 23,my dad(49)me to go into law,which Ive(50)regretted.I wanted to be a biologist,(51)I didnt pursue my(52).48.A.and B.as C.even if D.as if49.A.helped B.allowed C.persuaded D.suggested 50.A.always B.never C.seldom D.almost51.A.rather B.but C.for D.therefore52.A.promise B.task C.belief D.dreamThank you