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1、非谓语动词 语法讲解Wuxun High School认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目非谓语动词的类型:Infinitive 不定式不定式Gerund 动名词动名词Participle 分词分词认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目Structure:to be doneInfinitive:to doNegative(否定否定):not to doPassive voice:认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药
2、到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目(1).主语主语 Subject不定式作主语时不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后往往放在谓语之后,用用it作形式主语作形式主语.To get enough sleep at night is important.It_.It is adj.(for sb)to do sth.It is+a pleasure/an honor/a pity to do.It takes sb+time to do.is important to get enough sleep at night认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到
3、病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目1.吸烟对你来说是不好的。It is not good for you to smoke.2.和你一起共进晚餐很愉快。It is a pleasure to have dinner with you.It only took two years to complete the project.3.完成这项工程只花了二年时间。巩固练习1认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目(2).表语表语 PredicativeMy jobisYour task _(努力
4、学习努力学习).is to study hardTo see is to believe.to teach you English.认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目These days everyone wants to get rich fast.(3)宾语宾语 Object常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有:fail,happen,mean,wish,hope,decide,refuse,offer,learn,agree，etc.+to dolike to domanage to
5、do认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目think considerfind make feel形式宾语形式宾语4.我希望很快收到你的信。I hope to hear from you soon.5.我决定不留下来。I decided not to stay.6.学生们认为玩电脑游戏很有趣。Students thought_.7.她觉得没有没有必要和他辩论。She thought it unnecessary to argue with him.it interesting to play computer ga
6、mes.it+adj.+to do 巩固练习2认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.(4).宾补宾补 Complement五看五看 watch see look at observe notice三使三使 let make have 二听二听 listen to hear一感觉一感觉:feel当遇到下列动词时当遇到下列动词时,不定式省略不定式省略to:allow,cause,ask,advise,expect,force,per
7、mit,persuade,tell,want,warn,teach等等.医生建议他去南方医生建议他去南方.The doctor advised him to go to the south.+sb to do认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目I made him do his work.He _by me.See sb do sth-sb be seen to doHe was seen _ from the tree and get hurt.A.fall B.to fall C.falling D.fall
8、en改错:He was heard talk to his mother for an hour.to talkwas made to do his work认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目(5).定语定语 Attributive(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词则不定式中要有介词.)He is looking for_.（一间可以住的房子）There is nothing_.*我想要几本书在旅途中看。Id like_.a few books to read d
9、uring the journey-What do you think of the school?-It is a very good _.A.school to study in B.school for children to studyC.studying school D.school to studyto worry aboutThe topics to be discussed at tomorrows meeting is concerned about the Olympics 2008.（没有什么可担心的没有什么可担心的）a room to live in认识到了贫困户贫困
10、的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目I came here to see you.He got up early to catch the train.(6)状语状语 Adverbialin order to,so as to,1.1.表目的表目的2.表原因表原因We were very excited to hear the news.3.表结果表结果This room is big enough to hold us.enoughto,tooto,only to,etc.He lifted a rock only to dro
11、p it on his own feet.认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目1._ late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having slept 2001春季高考 第21题巩固练习2翻译：1935年,他离开家再也没回来。In 1935 he left home never to return.认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“
12、精准扶贫”项目1.作主语作主语2.作表语作表语3.作宾语作宾语4.作宾语补足语作宾语补足语5.作定语作定语6.作状语作状语在句中承担的成分在句中承担的成分:认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态进行式进行式完成式完成式完成进行式完成进行式Tense and Voice（时态与语态）to be doing to have done to have been done-to have been doing-认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作
13、高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目(1).They pretended not to see us.(2).He pretended to be sleeping.(3).She pretended to have known it before.(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/发生在它之后发生在它之后.).)(在谓语动词发生的同时在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行不定式的动作也正在进行)(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“
14、精准扶贫”项目1.The boy pretended _ when his mother entered.A.reading B.to read C.to be reading D.being read2.Do let your mother know all the truth.She appears_ everything.(01年高考)A.to tell B.to be told C.to be telling D.to have been told巩固练习3认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目3.Char
15、les Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer.(MET93 34)A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay.A.to have woven B.to be wovenC.to be weaving D.to weave认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“
16、精准扶贫”项目认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目who,which,when,how,what,whom,whether who,which,when,how,what,whom,whether 等连用，等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。我不知道是否要接受邀请。我不知道是否要接受邀请。I dont know whether to accept the invitation or not.(宾语宾语)How to solve the problem i
17、s very important.(主语主语)如何解决这个问题很重要如何解决这个问题很重要。我的问题是什么时候开始。我的问题是什么时候开始。My question is when to start.(表语表语)不定式与疑问词连用不定式与疑问词连用:认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目关于省略关于省略 (1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要下文要 省略该动词省略该动词.e.g.:Would you like to go with me?(2).不定式是不定式是to be 结构结构,be
18、 不可省不可省.e.g.:Would you like to be a teacher?A.Id like to B.Id like to go Yes,_.A.Id like to be.B.Id like to.Yes,_.认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目1.-Did you get a job?-No,I _,but its no use.A.expected B.tried to C.managed to D.planned2.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in
19、 the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to巩固练习4认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目不定式用在介词不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时后时,如如果这些介词前有行为动词果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式的各种形式,那么那么介词后的不定式不带介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带相反则带to.v(1).She could do nothing but _.(cry)v(2).I
20、have no choice but_.(go)v(3).What do you like _ besides_.(do,sleep)cryto goto dosleep认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目 (eat,give up,finish,explain,tell)1.My teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health.to
21、give upexplaining/to be explainedto be finishednot to eat3.We find it impossible for the work _ ahead of time.4.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.2.The sentence wants_once more.5.I meant _ you about it,but I forgot to do so.to have told 认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高
22、度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目1.(MET92 14)-I usually go there by train.-Why not _ by boat for a change?A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going2.Rather than _ on a crowded bus,he always prefers _ a bicycle.(MET94 22)A.ride;ride B.riding;ride C.ride;to ride D.to ride;riding认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药
23、，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目4.She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake.(97 上海上海12)A.to clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.being cleaned 3.While shopping,people sometime cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.(96上海上海14)A.to pursue B.persuading B.C.being persuaded D
24、.be persuaded 认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目5.Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to study B.C.to be studying D.to have been studying6.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult.A.not make
25、 B.not to make B.C.not making D.dont make认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目7.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be seen B.C.seeing D.see8.The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as
26、 it happened while she was out.A.who B.when C.how D.why 认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目9.Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.A.learn B.to learn C.learned D.learning10.The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot _.A.turning it off B.turn it offC.to turn
27、 it off D.having turned it off认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目11.I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone 12.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.A.expecte
28、d B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目13.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking14.The teacher asked us _ so much noise.A.dont make B.not makeC.not making D.not to make认识到了贫困户贫困的
29、根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目Assignment:1.Review what we have learned about infinitive.2.Do all the exercise in the paper.认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目不定式作定语时，应放在不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面被修饰词的后面，而，而且放在其他后置定语之后。且放在其他后置定语之后。1.不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种三
30、种关系：关系：v(1)动宾关系动宾关系 vI have a lot of work to do.v(2)主谓关系主谓关系 vHe is always the first to come.v(3)同位关系同位关系vWe all have a chance to go to college.认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目固定句型固定句型:vhad better+(not)do sth.最好（不）做某事最好（不）做某事vWhy(not)do sth.?vprefer to do/prefer doingvpref
31、er+n./doing A+to+n./doing Bvprefer+to do A rather than (to)do Bvwould rather(not)do sth.vwould rather do A than(do)Bvwould rather+句子（过去式）句子（过去式）v （虚拟语气）（虚拟语气）要做要做认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目注意以下几种情况不定式的用法注意以下几种情况不定式的用法v*在在the first,the second，the last和和only之后，只能用之后，只能用
32、to do。如：He was the last to leave the classroom v*如果如果understand，realize,know用在用在begin,start,attempt,intend后，只能用后，只能用to do。如：I began to understand the truthv*表示目的的不定式的否定式一般不用表示目的的不定式的否定式一般不用not to do,而用而用in order not to do或或so as not to do。如：()In order not to be seen,he came into the room through the
33、 window ()Not to be seen,he came into the room through the window ()He came into the room through the window so as not to be seenv*so as to do一般不放在句首。一般不放在句首。()He get up at five this morning so as to catch the early bus (X)So as to catch the early bus，he got up at five this morning认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开
34、始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目1.My teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health.A.giving up B.to give up C.give up D.given up2.The sentence wants _ once more.A.explained B.to explain C.being explained D.explaining3.The Arctic is considered _ the northern part of the Atlantic.A.h
35、aving been B.to have beenC.to be D.being认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay.A.to have woven B.to be wovenC.to be weaving D.to weave5.I found the German language hard _.A.learned B.learning C.to be learned D.to l
36、earn6.The light in the office is still on.-Oh,I forgot _.A.turning it off B.turn it offC.to turn it off D.having turned it off认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目7.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?-The key _ the problem is to meet th
37、e demand _ by the customers.A.to solving,making B.to solving,madeC.to solve,making D.to solve,made8.-What do you think of the school?-It is a very good _.A.school to study in B.school for children to studyC.studying school D.school to study认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目9
38、.-Did you get a job?-No,I _,but its no use.A.expected B.tried to B.C.managed to D.plannedC.10.We find it impossible for the work _D.ahead of time.E.to finish B.finishing F.C.being finished D.to be finishedG.11.-I usually go to Shanghai by train.H.-Why not _ there by boat for a I.change?J.to try to g
39、o B.try going K.C.to try going D.try to go 认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目12._ a living,she had to work from morning till night.A.To make B.MadeB.C.Making D.To have madeC.13.I would rather starve to death than _D.for food.E.beg B.begging C.begged D.to begF.14.The boy pret
40、ended _ when his motherG.entered.H.reading B.to read I.C.to be reading D.being read认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目1.Robert is said _ abroad,but I dont know what country he studied in.A.to have studied B.to study B
41、.C.to be studying D.to have been studying2.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult.A.not make B.not to make B.C.not making D.dont make3.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my new job.A.expected B.to expect B.C.to be expecting D.expects认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因
42、，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目4.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see B.to be seen B.C.seeing D.see5.It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A.it what to do with B.what to do with i
43、t B.C.what to do it with D.to do what with it6.The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.A.who B.when C.how D.why 认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目7.Paul doesnt have to be made _.He always works hard.A.learn B.to learn C.learned
44、D.learning8.We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet.A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met9.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him _.A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目10.The pat
45、ient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating11.I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone12.Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer.A.t
46、o invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目13.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking14._ late in the afternoon,Bob turned off the alarm.A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep
47、D.Having sleep15.The teacher asked us _ so much noise.A.dont make B.not make C.not making D.not to make认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目v1.To see you is glad.=Its glad to see you.v2.I want to see you.v3.I want him to see you.v4.My hope is to see you.v5.He is the man to see
48、you.v6.Im glad to see you.v7.I went to see you.v8.He went so early as to see youv9.To tell you the truth,I dont agree with you.v10.How to solve this problem is very important.（作主语）（作主语）(作宾语）作宾语）（作宾补）（作宾补）(作表语）作表语）（作定语）（作定语）（作原因状语）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）（作结果状语）独立成分独立成分和疑问词连用和疑问词连用认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，
49、才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目Gerund一一.Structure：doing Negative：not doing二二.时态和语态时态和语态主动语态被动语态ing 一般式一般式完成式完成式makinghaving made(不作定语）不作定语）being madehaving been made(不作定语不作定语认识到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目三三.在句中承担的成分在句中承担的成分:1.作主语作主语2.作宾语作宾语3.作定语作定语4.作表语作表语认识
50、到了贫困户贫困的根本原因，才能开始对症下药，然后药到病除。近年来国家对扶贫工作高度重视，已经展开了“精准扶贫”项目Collecting information is very important to business.1.作主语作主语:Seeing is believing.e.g.-What made him so unhappy?-_ the ticket for the football match.A.Having been lost B.Lost C.Because of losing D.LosingKey:_DLosing the ticket for the football