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1、初中英语语法系列否定句疑问句第1页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五肯定句肯定句否定句否定句两种基本句型两种基本句型陈述句陈述句疑问句疑问句第2页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五五种特殊句型五种特殊句型祈使句祈使句感叹句感叹句It(形式主语、形式宾语、强调句）形式主语、形式宾语、强调句）倒装句倒装句反义疑问句反义疑问句第3页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 句型第一讲：句型第一讲：否定句否定句疑问句疑问句第4页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五句型分类陈述句陈述句肯定句肯定句否定句否定句疑问句疑问句一般疑问句一般疑问句特殊疑问句特殊疑问句第5页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五一
2、.肯定句变否定句1)I am a student.I am not a student.2)They are blue.They arent blue.3)He is Kangkang.He isnt Kangkang.1.句子中有句子中有be等助动词时，在助动词后加等助动词时，在助动词后加not。第6页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五2.谓语是动词原形，在动词前加谓语是动词原形，在动词前加dont。1)I have a book.I dont have a book.2)They like Chinese.They dont like Chinese.3)We come from Chi
3、na.We dont come from China.第7页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五3。谓语动词是第三人称单数，在动词前加。谓语动词是第三人称单数，在动词前加doesnt，动词用原形。，动词用原形。1)She has a small mouth.She doesnt have a small mouth.2)Maria likes China.Maria doesnt like China.3)Jane comes from the U.S.A.Jane doesnt come from the U.S.A.第8页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五练习：将下列句子变成否定句。练习
4、：将下列句子变成否定句。1.I am a teacher.I a teacher.2.We are students.We students.3.Jane is a girl.Jane a girl.4.They like English.They like Chinese5.I come from China.I come from China.6.He likes Chinese.He like Chinese.7.Maria comes from Cuba.Maria come from Cuba.8.We know Maria.We know Maria.am not arent is
5、nt dont dont doesnt doesnt dont第9页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五二二.肯定句变一般疑问句肯定句变一般疑问句41.1)I am a student.Are you a student?2)They are blue.Are they blue?3)He is Kangkang.Is he Kangkang?句子中有be，把be提到句首第10页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五2.谓语是动词原形，在句首加谓语是动词原形，在句首加do。1)I have a book.Do you have a book?2)They like Chinese.Do they
6、 like Chinese?3)We come from China.Do you come from China?第11页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五3.谓语动词是第三人称单数，在句首加谓语动词是第三人称单数，在句首加Does，动词用原形。动词用原形。1)She has a small mouth.Does she have a small mouth?2)Maria likes China.Does Maria like China?3)Jane comes from the U.S.A.Does Jane come from the U.S.A?4)She knows Maria
7、.Does she know Maria?第12页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五练习练习:将下列句子变成一般疑问句。将下列句子变成一般疑问句。1.I am a teacher.a teacher?2.They are students.Students?3.Jane is a girl.a girl?4.They like English.they like English?5.I come from China.you come from China?6.He likes Chinese.he Chinese?7.Maria comes from Cuba.Maria from Cub
8、a?8.We speak Chinese.you Chinese?AreyouAretheyIsJaneDoDoDoeslikeDoescomeDospeak第13页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五三三.一般疑问句做肯定一般疑问句做肯定,否定回答否定回答 Are you Maria?肯定回答肯定回答：Yes,主主+助助/系系.否定回答否定回答:No,主主+助助/系系+not.肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes,I am.否定回答：否定回答：No,Im not.第14页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 2.问句和答语的助动词保持一致.1)Are you a student?肯肯:Yes,I am
9、.否：否：No,Im not.2)Is he Kangkang?肯：肯：Yes，he is.否：否：No，he isnt.3)Do they like Chinese?肯：肯：Yes,they do.否：否：No,they dont.4)Does she have a small mouth?肯：肯：Yes,she does.否：否：No,she doesnt.第15页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五3.问句和答语中的主语保持一致。（必须用主格）1)Is Jane from the U.S.A?2)Does Kangkang come from China?3)Do Jane and Ma
10、ria like China?4)Is this a ruler?肯肯:Yes,she is.否否:No，she isnt.肯肯:Yes,he does.否否:No,he doesnt.肯肯:Yes,they do.否否:No,they dont.肯肯:Yes,it is.否：否：No，it isnt.第16页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 5)Is that a desk?6)Are these books?7)Are those pencils?8)Are these erasers?9)Is that an orange?肯：肯：Yes，it is.否：否：No，it isnt.肯
11、：肯：Yes，they are.否：否：No，they arent.肯：肯：Yes，they are.否：否：No，they arent.肯：肯：Yes,they are.否：否：No，they arent.肯：肯：Yes,it is.否：否：No，it isnt.第17页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五练习：给下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。1.Are you a student?Yes,.No,.2.Do they like English?Yes,.No,.3.Is Jane a girl?Yes,.No,.4.Does Maria like China?Yes,.No,.I am I
12、mtheynottheydodontsheissheisntshedoesshedoesnt第18页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五he5.Is Kangkang a student?Yes,.No,.6.Is that a girl?Yes,.No,.7.Are those telephones?Yes,.No,.8.Does Tom know Jane?Yes,.No,.9.Do they come from the U.S.A?Yes,.No,.10.Is this an egg?Yes,.No,.isheisntitisitisnttheyaretheyarenthedoeshed
13、oesnttheydotheydontitisitisnt第19页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五四四.对划线部分提问对划线部分提问.4将划线部分去掉,分析句意.1.My name is Nancy.your name?2.I am from China.are you from?3.I am fine.are you?4.Miss.Wang is our English teacher.is your English teacher?5.Lucy is ten years old.are you?6.He is in Class One Grade Two.is he in?WhatsW
14、hereHowWhoHowoldWhatclass第20页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 7.My telephone number is 5805000.your telephone number?8.They are cars.are these?9.This is my cap.cap is this?10.My favorite movie star is Bruce Lee.is your favorite movie star?11.It is yellow.is it？12.She is tall.What does she?Whatis What Whose WhoWha
15、t color looklike 第21页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五五五.同义句转换同义句转换.1.Please give Jane the book.Please the book Jane.2.Could you please tell me your name?Could you please your name me?3.He has short hair.is short.4.I have a big nose.is big.5.You have a wide mouth.is wide.givetotelltoHishairMynoseYourmouth第22页，共61页
16、，编辑于2022年，星期五 6.My English teacher is old.My English teacher is not .7.Betty is not short.Betty is .8.This is my book.This is .9.This jacket is not new.This jacket is .10.My ruler is not long.My ruler is .11.She looks like her mom.She and her mom look .12.They come from China.They China.young tall m
17、ine old short thesame are from第23页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五六六.单复数转换单复数转换.1.将下列句子变成复数将下列句子变成复数.It is a box.boxes .This is a ruler.rulers.That is an eraser.erasers.He is a student.students.This is a bus.That is a pen.TheyareTheseareThoseareTheyareThesearebusesThosearepens第24页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五2.将下列句子变成单数。将下列
18、句子变成单数。1.They are pencils.a pencil.2.These are erasers.an eraser.3.They are boys.a boy.4.They are girls.a girl.5.Those are books.a book.6.These are desks.a desk.7.These are boxes.a .8.Those are cars.a .It is This isHe isShe is That is This is This is box That is car第25页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五句型转换专项练习 4一、
19、将下列句子改为复数形式：41.There is a knife in the box.4There _ _ _ in the box.42.Shes a woman doctor.4Theyre _ _.43.Our teacher often tells us a story.4Our _ often _ us _.44.The sheep is over there.4The _ _ over there.45.Please pass me a piece of bread.4Please pass me some _ of _.aresome knives women doctors t
20、eachers tell stories sheep are pieces bread 第26页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 4二、下列句子改为否定句：41.He does some reading every day.4He_ _ _ reading every day.42.I have to wash the dishes.4I _ _ _wash the dishes.43.Tell him the news.4_ _ him the news.44.She has brothers and sisters.4She has_ brothers _ sisters.45.I t
21、hink she is right.4I _ _she _ right第27页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 4二、下列句子改为否定句：41.He does some reading every day.4He_ _ _ reading every day.42.I have to wash the dishes.4I _ _ _wash the dishes.43.Tell him the news.4_ _ him the news.44.She has brothers and sisters.4She has_ brothers _ sisters.45.I think she
22、is right.4I _ _she _ rightdoesnt doany donthaveto Donttell noor dontthinkis 第28页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 4三、下列句子改为一般疑问句：41.There is some fruit juice in the glass.4_ _ _ fruit juice in the glass?42.He has to stay here.4_ he _ to stay there?43.We do eye exercises every day.4_ you _ eye exercises every day?4
23、4.She has something to eat.4_ she _ _ to eat?45.I am good at singing and dancing.4_ you good at singing _ dancing?第29页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 4三、下列句子改为一般疑问句：41.There is some fruit juice in the glass.4_ _ _ fruit juice in the glass?42.He has to stay here.4_ he _ to stay there?43.We do eye exercises every
24、day.4_ you _ eye exercises every day?44.She has something to eat.4_ she _ _ to eat?45.I am good at singing and dancing.4_ you good at singing _ dancing?Isthereany Doeshave Dodo Doeshave anything Areand 第30页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 4四、对划线部分提问：41.My mother goes to work by bike.4_ _ your mother _ to work?42.
25、That is a map of France.4_ map is that?43.The bag of rice is ten kilos.4_ _ _ the bag of rice?44.I think Chinese food is very nice.4_ do you _ _ Chinese food?45.The students like their teacher very much.4_ do the students_ their teacher?第31页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 4四、对划线部分提问：41.My mother goes to work by
26、bike.4_ _ your mother _ to work?42.That is a map of France.4_ map is that?43.The bag of rice is ten kilos.4_ _ _ the bag of rice?44.I think Chinese food is very nice.4_ do you _ _ Chinese food?45.The students like their teacher very much.4_ do the students_ their teacher?How does go What Howheavyis
27、WhatthinkofHowlike第32页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 46.His house is very big.4_ _ his house _?47.There are six kites in the sky.4_ in the sky?48.He lives in Room 306.4_ _ _ he _ in?49.She looks worried because she cant find her dog.4_ _ she _ worried?410.It takes him half an hour to write the e-mail.4_ _ _ it
28、_ him to write the e-mail?第33页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 46.His house is very big.4_ _ his house _?47.There are six kites in the sky.4_ in the sky?48.He lives in Room 306.4_ _ _ he _ in?49.She looks worried because she cant find her dog.4_ _ she _ worried?410.It takes him half an hour to write the e-mail.4_
29、 _ _ it _ him to write the e-mail?WhatislikeWhats WhichroomdoesliveWhydoeslookHowlongdoestake第34页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 411.Classes begin at eight.4_ _ _classes _?412.I want to buy three kilos of meat.4_ _ _ do you want to buy?413.His uncle is a businessman.4_ _ his uncle _?414.The orange dress is Kates
30、.4_ _ is Kates?415.Its Sunday today.4_ _ is it today?第35页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 411.Classes begin at eight.4_ _ _classes _?412.I want to buy three kilos of meat.4_ _ _ do you want to buy?413.His uncle is a businessman.4_ _ his uncle _?414.The orange dress is Kates.4_ _ is Kates?415.Its Sunday today.4_ _
31、 is it today?WhattimedobeginHowmuchmeatWhatdoesdoWhichdressWhatday第36页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 416.The cats are running up the tree.4_ are the cats _?417.Jims plane is broken.4_ _ _ Jims plane?418.He would like five cakes.4_ _ _ would he like?419.They play football every Friday.4_ _ they play football?420
32、.The man in brown is Toms father.4_ _ is Toms father?第37页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 416.The cats are running up the tree.4_ are the cats _?417.Jims plane is broken.4_ _ _ Jims plane?418.He would like five cakes.4_ _ _ would he like?419.They play football every Friday.4_ _ they play football?420.The man in b
33、rown is Toms father.4_ _ is Toms father?Where runningWhatswrongwithHowmanycakesWhendo Whichman第38页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五Goodbye!Thank you!第39页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五GrammarThe Passive Voice被动语态被动语态第40页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 How to describe the pictures？The river was seriously polluted.第41页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五Some
34、trees have been cut down.第42页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 语语态态是是动动词词的的一一种种形形式式，表表示示主主语语和和动动词词之之间间的的关关系系。英英语语动动词词有有两两种种语语态态：主主动动语语态态和和被被动动语语态态。主主动动语语态态动动词词的的主主语语是是动动作作的的执执行行者者，而而被被动动语语态态动动词词的的主主语语是是动动作作的的承承受受者者。被被动动语语态态是是动动词词的的一一种种特特殊殊形形式式，一一般般说说来来，只有需要动作对象的只有需要动作对象的及物动词及物动词才有被动语态。才有被动语态。英语语英语语态态被动语态的被动语态的构成构成
35、 workedopenedclosed seentaught asked work close openask seeteache.g.由助动词由助动词be+be+及物动词的过去分词（及物动词的过去分词（V-edV-ed）构成。构成。助动词助动词be有有人称、数和时态的变化人称、数和时态的变化。第43页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五被动语态在不同时态的不同形式被动语态在不同时态的不同形式被动语态的基本构成：被动语态的基本构成：be+p.p一般现在时一般现在时(do,does)is/am/are done一般过去时一般过去时(did)was/were done一般将来时一般将来时(will
36、 do)will be done现在进行时现在进行时(is/am/are doing)is/am/are being done过去进行时过去进行时(was/were doing)was/were being done现在完成时现在完成时(have/has done)have/has been done带情态动词带情态动词(can/must/may do)can/must/may be done第44页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五主动语态：S（主语）+P（谓语）+O（宾语）被动语态：S（主语）+P(被动结构)+by O（宾语）一般现在时：is/am/are+p.p 一般过去时：was/w
37、ere+p.p一般将来时：will be+p.p详见上页详见上页主动语态变为被动语态主动语态变为被动语态第45页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五Practise(2):Make sentences a computer/use/every dayA computer is used every day.第46页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 the bridge/build/last yearThe bridge was built last year.第47页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五these big buildings/build/next yearThese big
38、 buildings will be built next year.第48页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五the thief/catch/the policemen/yesterdayThe thief was caught by the policemen yesterday.第49页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五Ex 1.把下列的句子改为被动语态1.Many people visit Shenzhen every year.Shenzhen _ _ _ many people every year.is visited by 2.They built some houses
39、in the village.Some houses _ _ by _ in the village.were built them 3.We will tell you everything about it tomorrow.You _ _ _ everything about it tomorrow.will be told4.The students can use the computer.The computer _ _ _ by the students.can be used5.He has sold out all the books.All the books _ _ _
40、_ by him.have been sold out第50页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五6.The worker is repairing a car now.A car _ _ _ by the worker now.is being repaired7.They took these photos on the Great Wall.These photos _ _ on the Great Wall.were taken8.The girls have sent some flowers to the singer.Some flowers _ _ _ to the singe
41、r.have been sent9.You must finish your work before you go to bed.Your work _ _ _ before you go to bed.must be finished第51页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五The fish has been eaten by the cat.The fish will be eaten by the cat.第52页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 the tree/cutThe tree is being cut by the man.第53页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五
42、shenzhen airport/use/for a long time Shenzhen airport has been used for a long time.第54页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五The World Trade Centre/smash down(撞毁）The World Trade Centre was smashed down.第55页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 this kind of car/can make/in this factoryThis kind of car can be made in this factory.第56页，共61
43、页，编辑于2022年，星期五Pay attention!She gave me some money.I was given some money by her.Some money was given to me by her.He will show me some photos.I will be shown some photos by him.Some photos will be shown to me by him.第57页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五Pay attention!His mother makes him play the piano.He is made
44、to play the piano by his mother.We saw them go out.They were seen to go out by us.The boss made the workers work all day.The workers were made to work all day by the boss.第58页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五1.These new cars_(make)in 1994.2.Li Ming_(ask)to visit HK.next month.3.A new composition _ (write)now.4.A h
45、ole _(dig)at that time.5.A new hotel _(build)when I got there.6.He bought me a book.A book _ _ _me by him.7.They call him Bob.He _ Bob by them.were madewill be askedis being writtenwas being dughad been builtwas bought foris called第59页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五1.They dont use the room.The room _ by them.2.D
46、id Tom use it?_ it _ by Tom?3.Who made it?Who _it _ by?4.Where did you find them?Where _they _ by you?isnt usedWas usedwas made were found 第60页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五 Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the words given in the brackets.1.The bridge (build)last year.2.The Olympic Games (hold)every four years.3.The problem (discuss)at the meeting now.4.His new book (publish)next month.5.The classroom (not clean)yet.was built are held is being discussed will be published has not been cleaned 第61页，共61页，编辑于2022年，星期五