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1、Electronics and Communication Special Englisn(3rd Edition)电子与通信技术专业英语电子与通信技术专业英语Unit Electronic Instrument and ProductsLesson 13 Virtual InstrumentsNew Words virtual v:tul adj.（计算机）虚拟的hardware h:dw n.计算机硬件transform trnsf:m v.改变；改观；变换transmit trnzmit v.传输；传送；发送interpreter int:prit n.解释者；翻译器converter
2、knv:t n.变换器；换流器，变 压器，变频器implementation,implimentein n.成 就；贯彻；安装启用modular mdjul adj.模块化的monitor mnit n.显示屏，屏幕；计显 示器；监测仪；vi.监视synchronization,sikrnaizein n.同一 时刻；同步 Phrases and ExpressionsADC（analogue-to-digital converter）模数转换器DAC（digital-to-analogue converter）数模转换器USB interface USB接口CPU（Central Proce
3、ssing Unit）中央处 理单元scale with 与成比例Notes1.Virtual instruments are computer programs that interact with real world objects by means of sensors and implement functions of real or imaginary instruments.real world objects：真实世界物体，现实世界中的物体。虚拟仪器是通过传感器与真实世界物体进行交互并完成真实或虚拟仪器功能的计算机程序。2.Real world signals are of
4、analogue nature,while a computer is a digital instrument.Real world signals：现实世界的信号 现实世界的信号是模拟信号，而计算机是数字仪器。4.LabVIEW is a graphical programming language from National Instruments.LabVIEW programs are called virtual instruments often abbreviated to VIs.LabVIEW：是美国国家仪器公司（National Instruments NI）1986年推
5、出的图形化系统设计软件，现今，数以百万的工程师和科学家可以使用LabVIEW来构建他们的测试、测量与控制系统。Vis：virtual instrument虚拟仪器技术就是利用高性能的模块化硬件，结合高效灵活的软件来完成各种测试、测量和自动化的应用。LabVIEW是NI公司的图形化编程语言。通常把LabVIEW程序也称为虚拟仪器，缩写为VIs。5.Another virtual instrumentation component is modular I/O.I/O：input/output的缩写，即输入输出端口。另一个虚拟仪器组件是模块化的I/O。Translation of Texts Le
6、sson 13 Virtual Instruments Virtual instruments are computer programs that interact with real world objects by means of sensors and implement functions of real or imaginary instruments.The sensor is usually a simple hardware that acquires data from the object,transforms it into electric signals and
7、transmits to the computer for further processing（as shown in Fig.13-1）.Simple virtual measuring instruments just acquire and analyses data,but more complex virtual instruments communicate with objects in both directions.Real world signals are of analogue nature,while a computer is a digital instrume
8、nt;therefore the computer needs also interpreters analogue-to-digital and digital-to-analogue converters for communication with the object.ADC and DAC boards that implement this function in inexpensive systems are usually placed inside the computer.Compact external ADC/DAC converters with USB interf
9、ace are also becoming popular.现实世界的信号是模拟性质的，而计算机是数字仪器；因此计算机与对象进行通信时需要进行转译模-数和数-模转换。在廉价的系统中，实现这一功能的模数转换和模数转换板通常内置于计算机中。紧凑的外置带USB接口的模数/数模转换器的也越来越普及。LabVIEW是NI公司的图形化编程语言。通常把LabVIEW程序称为虚拟仪器，缩写为VIs。每个虚拟仪器有两个组成部分，框图和前面板。前面板上的控制和指令允许操作员从一个已经在运行的虚拟仪器中输入数据或提取数据。In terms of performance,LabVIEW includes an act
10、ual compiler that produces native code for the CPU platform,so the graphical code is compiled,rather than interpreted.在性能方面，LabVIEW包含一个为CPU平台生成本地代码的实际的编译器，它编译图形代码，而不仅仅是转换。One of the main benefits of LabVIEW is that people with little or no previous programming experience are able to access hardware
11、input/output more rapidly and through a hardware abstraction system.This abstraction allows isolation between hardware implementation and software solution.A technique which without National Instruments software driver interface would be extremely time consuming.LabVIEW的主要优点之一是，有很少的或者根本没有编程经验的人都能够很迅
12、速地访问硬件的输入/输出，以及通过硬件抽象系统。这个硬件抽象层允许硬件实现和软件解决方案之间的隔离。没有NI软件驱动程序接口的技术将是非常费时的。另一个虚拟仪器组件是模块化的I/O，它被设计用来在任何命令或数量上迅速兼容，以确保虚拟仪器可以同时监视和控制各个方面的发展。使用为模块化的I/O精心设计的软件驱动程序，工程师和科学家可以在并行操作期间实现快速访问功能。The third virtual instrumentation element using commercial platforms,often enhanced with accurate synchronization ensu
13、res that virtual instrumentation takes advantage of the very latest computer capabilities and data transfer technologies.This element delivers virtual instrumentation on a long-term technology base that scales with the high investments made in processors,buses,and more.虚拟仪器的第三个要素使用商业平台，这通常使得精确同步得到提高
14、 确保该虚拟仪器采用了最新的计算机功能和数据传输技术。这个元素保证了虚拟仪器在高投资规模的处理器，总线技术上的技术水平。虚拟仪器系统在进行远程测试系统控制，分布式I/O和企业数据共享时，经常利用以太网。以太网为数据交换和远距离指令控制提供了一个低成本和中等吞吐量的方法。然而，由于其基于分组的架构，以太网具有不确定性，并有较高的延迟。对于某些应用，如仪表系统，由于以太网缺乏确定性和高延迟，使其在集成相邻的I/O模块时不是一种好的选择。这种情况下最好选择专用总线，如PXI，VXI或GPIB（如图132所示）。Exercises.Write T(True)or F(false)beside the
15、following statements about the text.2.Real world signals are of digital nature,while a computer is a analogue instrument.3.ADC and DAC boards that implement this function in expensive systems are usually placed inside the computer.4.LabVIEW is a graphical programming language from National Instrumen
16、ts.5.Controls and indicators on the front panel allow an operator to input data into or extract data from an already running virtual instrument.Fill in the missing words according to the text.1.Virtual instruments are computer programs that interact with real world objects by means of sensors and im
17、plement functions of .2.LabVIEW programs are called often abbreviated to VIs.3.This abstraction allows isolation between and .4.Ethernet provides ,method for exchanging data and control commands over distances.5.This element delivers on a long-term technology base that scales with the high investmen
18、ts made in ,and more.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1.Simple virtual measuring instruments just acquire and analyses data,but more complex virtual instruments communicate with objects in both directions.2.In terms of performance,LabVIEW includes an actual compiler that produces native code for the CPU platform,so the graphical code is compiled,rather than interpreted.End