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1、Lesson 3Annual Report on American Economy1995 annual report covering three economic sections:CapitalgoodsindustriesThey performed pretty well in 1994 despite the problems of pricing and rising raw materials,and will probably repeat the performance in 1995.TheconstructionindustryNonresidential buildi
2、ng will have potentials for further development along with a continuing slide in housing sector in 1995.But there are still hopes for housing sectorConsumernondurablesindustriesThe general trends will be a continuing increase in spending by consumers and price hikes by suppliers.Different industry w
3、ill be confronted with a different situation.gas=gasoline(Am.E.)=petrol(Br.E.)Notice the different meanings of the word “gas”:gas station(美语，加油站)gas chamber(毒气室)gas mask(防毒面具)gas cooker(煤气炉)gas meter(煤气表)gas in a coal mine(瓦斯)backlogs:business orders that have not yet been filled or carried out(尚未交货
4、的订单尚未交货的订单).).Increase in backlogs is a sign of good business.Without backlogs,a firm may suffer from stoppage of work.Yet too many backlogs may result in delay in delivery of goods,bringing harm to the reputation of the firm.Therefore backlog control is necessary.Many outfits can absorb.recent year
5、s:outfits:equipment needed for production absorb suppliers price hikes:accept and endure supplierss price increases without raising the prices of ones own productsthanks to strong productivity improvements:because productivity has been greatly increased by a lot of newly-improved machinery and equip
6、ment,which reduces production cost.That is why these outfits can absorb suppliers price hikes.pass the baton from.to nonresidential building:move from the housing sector to nonresidential construction for continuing growth,like passing the baton(接力赛)in a relay race of runningOne of the major myths.a
7、bout empty nesters:a)a myth:a belief,opinion or story that is not based on fact or realityb)Wall Street:a rather narrow street in southern Manhattan,New York,where many large financial institutions are seated.It is therefore often used to refer to the American financial circle.c)empty nesters:people
8、 who live in large,empty housespose less of a threat.than to.:form a threat to residential construction rather than to nonresidential constructioneg:The recession posed less of a threat to the beauty industry than to other industries.bids outstanding for boiler orders:a)a bid:an offer of the price a
9、t which one(the bidder)agrees to supply goods or undertake a construction project(投标)b)outstanding:unsettled or unpaidshareholders equity（股东权益）:the investment made by shareholders in the form of stocks and the retained earnings.Retained earnings(留存收益)are the part of profit that is not distributed to
10、 shareholders as dividends.They are kept by a firm as part of its capital reserves for the purchase of new equipment,etc.The 33%Gillete earns on shareholders equity is the return on equity(股东产权盈利).joint venture:an enterprise supported by the investment of two or more parties for the purpose of perfo
11、rming mutually beneficial activities and sharing possible risks(合资企业).A venture is an undertaking in which there is risk.If higher interest rates choke off cars and homes:a)choke off:(colloquial)make sth.difficult,or put an end to sth.b)How can higher interest rates choke off cars and homes?Recall the fact that most Americans buy cars and homes with a mortgage.