《英语高考专题复习系列短文改错.pptx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语高考专题复习系列短文改错.pptx（71页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Howtocorrectacomposition短文改错第1页/共71页1短文改错测试点短文改错测试点高高考考英英语语短短文文改改错错主主要要考考查查考考生生在在语语篇篇中中综综合合运运用用英英语语语语言言知知识识的的能能力力，它它不不同同于于单单句句改改错错，考考生生应应在在理理解解短短文文的的基基础础上上,，根根据据上上下下文文的的逻逻辑辑关关系系,对对文文中中的的错错误误做做出出判判断断，并并进进行行纠纠正正。因因此此，该题型综合性强，涉及面广。该题型综合性强，涉及面广。第2页/共71页短文改错所考查的知识点涵盖了中学英短文改错所考查的知识点涵盖了中学英语中的所有的语法内容，侧重考查语中
2、的所有的语法内容，侧重考查 :动动词和非谓语动词，连词与逻辑关系，副词和非谓语动词，连词与逻辑关系，副词与形容词等，同时也兼顾考查名词，词与形容词等，同时也兼顾考查名词，冠词，动词时态，代词，行文逻辑和固冠词，动词时态，代词，行文逻辑和固定搭配等。定搭配等。第3页/共71页1、贴近实际生活2、话题有关学生学习生活3、多以书信和日记的形式出现4、浅显易懂，没有生僻、超纲词汇。5、句子结构简单，基本是简单句和并不复杂的复合句。第4页/共71页常考的短文改错的错误主要是以下几常考的短文改错的错误主要是以下几个方面：个方面：一是语法方面，主要测试动词一是语法方面，主要测试动词时态和语态，非谓语动词和短
3、语动词；时态和语态，非谓语动词和短语动词；名词名词.代词的各种形式，形容词和副词以代词的各种形式，形容词和副词以及比较等级的用法；连词及比较等级的用法；连词.冠词冠词.介词；主介词；主谓一致；简单句谓一致；简单句.并列句和复合句，以及并列句和复合句，以及倒装倒装.省略句等。省略句等。第5页/共71页二是在行文逻辑方面，主要考查人物二是在行文逻辑方面，主要考查人物的性别及相应的物主代词或物的数量的性别及相应的物主代词或物的数量及相应的物主代词，句子的并列及相应的物主代词，句子的并列.递进递进.转折转折.因果关系；时间的先后顺序等因果关系；时间的先后顺序等.第6页/共71页高考短文改错的短文通常只
4、有120个词左右，分成10行，短文的难度也与考生的习作相当，10行中都存在错误。各种错误所占比例为 2：1：7或者 1：1：8：多缺错第7页/共71页第8页/共71页一、动词形主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。2007四川卷：Whenhegetshome,hesawtheanimalwaitingatthedoor,stillwearinghisjacketwiththewalletinthepocket.2007天津卷：InGradeEightItookphysics.InonetestIgetonly36percentoftheanswerscorrect.g
5、otgot第9页/共71页2006安徽卷：Anyonecanborrowbooksifheorshewish.2006安徽卷：Youcansitatthedeskandreadthedailynewspapers,magazinesandtheotherbooks,butyouarenotpermittotakethemoutwishespermitted第10页/共71页1.Aftertheyhadchosethebookstheywishedtoread,theinstructortoldthemtheprincipalpointshewantedthemtonote.2.Notonlyt
6、hestudentsbutalsotheteacherlikethefilm.chosenlikes第11页/共71页3.Iwillliketoknowwhereyouwereborn.4.Iwouldlikeyoureaditagain.5.Myfathermustnthavesaidsuchathing.wouldtocouldnt/cant第12页/共71页6.Whenoursixchildrenwereyoung,suppertimeisalwaysbeinginterrupted.7.Growingupisnoteasy.Sometimesallthatisneedissomeone
7、torelyon.8.ThebikeoutsidemyhouseisbelongedtoTom.wasneeded第13页/共71页解决方案(1)通读全文，搞清文中动词时态的主旋律.(2)结合语境，灵活运用时态形式.(3)认真推敲，准确把握主动与被动.第14页/共71页考点剖析此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：(1)短文中时态的使用前后不一致。(2)在特定语境条件下时态的误用(如含有状语从句的复合句中，主句用将来时态，而从句中则用一般现在时态)。(3)主动语态和被动语态的混用。第15页/共71页二、名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。2007陕西卷：Personally,Ifoundmos
8、tlessonratheruninteresting.2008浙 江 卷：A nearby company waslookingforstudentswithgoodhandwritingtowriteaddressesonevenlope.Thepaywas10centsperenvelope.lessonsevenlopes第16页/共71页2006福建卷：Ifyouhaveinterestsinit,replytomesoon.2006陕西卷：Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.Imsureyouwillfindoneyoulikeit.2006重庆卷：Insummer,t
9、heseaundertheblueskiesisevenmorebeautiful.interestcoursessky第17页/共71页1.Thebookwillgiveyoualltheinformationsyouneed.2.Heisongoodtermwithme.3.Heisagenerousfellow,andwillsoonmakefriendwithyouagain.Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkatfamilyfurniture,fun,homework,paper,news,progress,trouble,work（工作），advice等info
10、rmationtermsfriendshome第18页/共71页4.Hesenthisdaughtertoagirlshighschool.5.Givemethreespoonfulofsugar.6.AuntMaryreturnedhomeaftertenyearsabsence.7.Hehadnoideasthatthekitchenwasnotforguests.girlsspoonfulsyearsidea第19页/共71页考点剖析此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：(1)可名词与不可数名词的混用.(2)用于固定词组中的一些名词的用法.(3)同义词或反义词的混用.第20页/共71页1
11、.理清可数与不可数名词之间的区别与联系。2.记清一些用于固定词组中名词的特殊用法。3.结合语境认真分辨同义名词或近义名词。解决方案解决方案第21页/共71页三、还要注意形和副注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。2007浙江卷：Igottothefinishinglinefirst.Iwontherace.Ifeltveryproudlyofmyself.2006福建卷：Wecanhearbirdssinginghappyallaround.proudhappily修饰名词，be动词，系动词要用形容词修饰动词，形容词，整个句子用副词比较级和最高级的使用第22页
12、/共71页2008全国卷：IwilllearnmoreaboutthehistoryoftheOlmpicsasgoodasthe2008Olmpicgames.2006辽宁卷：Shewasusualpatientwithherstudentsandnevermadethemdisappointed.usuallywell第23页/共71页1.Unfortunate，therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.2.Youshouldberespectabletowardsyourteachers.3.Iamabsolutelyuncapabletotellalie.Unfo
13、rtunatelyfortunately，luckily，obviously，natrually，interestinglyrespectfulincapable第24页/共71页4.Youmustmakeyourparentshappily.5.HelookeddifferentlyafterhisreturnfromEurope.6.Thenumberofgirlsisveryfew.happydifferentsmall第25页/共71页7.Theycamebacklatelyandhadsometea.8.Thetwomenthrewalltheirequipmentintothewa
14、tertomaketheballoonlight.9.Thenewpersononthejobfeelsmorebetterafterheorshehasplayedtenniswithotherpeopleintheoffice.latelightermuch/even/rather第26页/共71页考点剖析:(1)形容词和副词的混用，是短文改错中常见的考点之一。(2)比较级和最高级的混用或误用。(3)比较级和最高级修饰语的误用以及近义词的误用。第27页/共71页解决方案(1)熟知形容词和副词的句法功能.(2)理清短文中形容词和副词比较等级的关系。(3)结合短文内容，准确使用形容词和副词。第
15、28页/共71页四、非谓语，细辨别这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。2007浙江卷：Icouldnottorunveryfastandfellbehind.2007宁夏卷：LiMengcameseemeeveryday.to第29页/共71页2008重庆卷：Andthereweremanymeaningfulthings2008辽宁卷：Weallenjoyedthispreciousdaygreatly,rememberthetimewespenttogetherandthepeopletheywerefamiliarwith.rememberingth
16、atwereworththinkofthinking第30页/共71页1.Hehasneverbeenheardspeakillofothers.2.Wehearitsayfrequentlythatwhatpresent-daymenmostdesireissecurity.3.ItisdifficulttomakeyourselfunderstandinEnglish.tosaidunderstood第31页/共71页4.Onhiswayhome,hesuddenlyheardhisnamecalling.5.Butthentherearealwaysmoremysterieslookin
17、to.6.Afterlearnthebasicsofthesubject,nothingelseseemedverypracticaltome.calledtolearning第32页/共71页7.Thatis,agameoftennismakinghimverybusy.8.Hedidntwantsharethingswithotherpeople.9.SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaper.10.MyparentslovemedearlyofcourseandwilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation.ma
18、detotalkingto第33页/共71页11.Theairkeepstheballoonupwasescapingquicklyandtheballoonwascomingdown.12.Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.13.Theywantedonechildoranothertocomeoutandplayed.keepingbecomeplay第34页/共71页考点剖析此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：(1)谓语动词与非谓语动词的混用。(2)非谓语动词之间的混用。(3)在并列结构中非谓语动词的误用。第
19、35页/共71页(1)纵观全文或全句，明确句中动词所作的句子成分。(2)系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能。(3)前后联系，整体把握。第36页/共71页六、代词格，细领悟高考链接6：IheardthatMr.WangwouldteachourEnglishthisterm.us1.人称代词主格和宾格，物主代词的使用反身代词oneself的使用3不定代词的使用4Both,all,either,neither,none的使用.5.Whose和whos，its和its的区别人称人称单数单数复数复数主格主格宾格宾格主格主格宾格宾格第一人第一人称称第二人第二人称称第三人第三人称称Imeweusyouyouyo
20、uyouhehimsheheritittheythem单数复数形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs第37页/共71页五、代词格，细领悟（2007全国I）Iwasonlyaboutsixwhenheheldhishandouttome.Itookitinmeandwewalked.mineFinally,thementhrewawaymostofhisclothestosavethemselves.their第38页/共71页2008全国II：Ishouldbeabletotell
21、visitorsaboutourhistoryandcultureandshowthemtheirgreatachievement.2007陕西：JustatthattimeIwokeupandfoundmestillinbed!ourmyself第39页/共71页1.Knowledgeisthereforwhomeverwillseekit.2.Whomdoyouthinkisthewriterofthisbook?3.Hisbrotherscaseisquitedifferentfromme.whoeverwhomine第40页/共71页4.Peoplefindincreasinglydi
22、fficulttomaketheirliving.5.Heistallerthananyoneinhisclass.6.IspokeamanwhoIthoughttobemycousin.itelseto第41页/共71页7.Ireadyoure-mailtomyparentsandshowedthemthephotoyousentittome.8.Ihopethatbothyoutwocouldcomeandvisitussometimesoon.9.Thosefreshmenfinallylearnedtosolvetheproblemsbythem.themselves第42页/共71页
23、考点剖析此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面：1)代词指代的人或事物前后不一致的错误。2)“it”一词的不当使用(包括用于从句中或作形式主语或宾语)。3)不定代词或反身代词的误用。第43页/共71页解决方案(1)顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词的指代关系，注意联系上下文。(2)系统掌握it的各种用法。(3)准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使用。第44页/共71页主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。catchasightoflosemyheartinhurryinSundayafternoonsuchmanypeopleinashortaonso六、习惯用法要记住
24、第45页/共71页1.Dontapproachtoaworkofartinsuchaspirit.2.Theboywasabsorbedbuildingadaminthebrook.3.Iwasimpressedatthezealwithwhichhespokeoftheplan.4.Thegentlemaninsistedatmyreceivingthemoney.5.Atlastwereachedtothevillageatthefootofthehillinwithon第46页/共71页6.Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer,mylifechanged.7
25、.Whenayoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving,hecannolongerexpectotherstopayhisfood.8.Iimagineyoullbeatvacationyourselfbythattime.offoron第47页/共71页考点剖析:(1)在一些固定短语中，介词的误用是很常见的题型。(2)介词与连词或副词的混用。(3)及物动词之后介词的多用或不及物动词之后介词的漏用。第48页/共71页解析方案:(1)平时的学习中注意积累语言知识，特别是一些固定搭配的记忆。(2)强化语法训练，分清连词，副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能。(3)语法知识的记忆和语
26、感的培养结合起来。第49页/共71页七、句子成分多分析不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。2008年安徽卷:Shelookedatmeandstartedtolaugh.“Howareyoulaughing?”Iasked.2007天津卷：Iwasluckyenoughtohaveateacherwhichdidnttakemybadgradesasajudgementofmyabilities,butwho/thatWhy第50页/共71页1.Myroommatelivesinasmalltownincentra
27、lMissouri,aquiettownwhichIwouldliketolivemyself.2.TheUnitedStatesiscomposedoffiftystates,twoofthoseareseparatedfromtheothersbylandorwater.3.Thesephotoswillshowyouhowourvillagelookslike.4.Icannotmakesenseofthathesaidatthemeeting.wherewhichwhatwhat第51页/共71页八、逻辑错误须关注与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。
28、2006四川卷：Thatnight，wesatdowntowhattheythoughtwouldbeapleasant,uninterruptedmeals.NMET2005:Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.wetheir第52页/共71页3.Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.4.Hewillstaythereoneandtwodays.5.Theremaynotbemuchchoicebetwe
29、enthisoneorthat.andorand第53页/共71页考点剖析:(1)并列连but,and,or,so等词的混用，常常出现在改错题中。(2)并列连词和从属连词的混用。(3)平行结构方面的错误。第54页/共71页常考的错误形式有：连词but，and，or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。2007全国II：ImeanttowritelongletterandtellyouallthethingsImdoingattheschool2007四川卷：AnAustralianfarmerfoundthekangaroocaughtinthefencearoundhisfarms.aa九
30、、冠词、连词常光顾第55页/共71页3.IgainedsomuchconfidencethatIwentbacktoschoolasnewperson.4.Withcomingofspring,grassandtreesturngreen.5.WhenachildisfiveinEnglandorWales,hisparentsmustsendhimtotheschool.6.Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.athean第56页/共71页2007浙江卷：TodayIwashavingaPElessonwhileIfelldownandhurt
31、myfoot.2006辽宁卷：Shealwaysmadesurethatourhomeworkwasfinishedontime,butshemarkedstrictlyonouractualperformance.2007四川卷：Hethoughtthepooranimalwasinjured,butthekindfarmertookoffhisjacketandputontheanimal.whenandso第57页/共71页1.30percentofgirlswouldliketobecometeacherswhenonly5percentofboyswanttodothisjob.2.
32、Webecomemoreandmoreimpatientofinterruptionswhentheyearsgoon.3.ItwasnotuntilitbegantorainwhenInoticedhisumbrellaleftinmycar.whileasthat第58页/共71页冗词的多用1.Lastsummer,IwenttoBeijing,myfirsttimetriptothecity.2.Twoyearslater,hereturnedbackhome.3.Itisabout200milesfarawayfromLondon.第59页/共71页4)Manystudentsfeel
33、itthatapopularteachermustbekindandeasy-going.5.Thegirlisproudofthatherfamilyiswelldescended.6.Likemostofmyschoolmates,Ihaveneitherbrothersnorsisters-inanyotherwords,Iamanonlychild.第60页/共71页7.Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderthesameroof,butwedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.8.(02春季)Forinstance,on
34、onenightheplayedstrongandloudmusictillfouroclockinthemorning.9.Eveningcamedown.10.(NMET03)ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChinese.第61页/共71页第62页/共71页第63页/共71页第64页/共71页AtChristmasEve,Jimwentwithhis1._fathertochooseaChristmastree.Theychoose2._abigone.Itwasalmostastallerastheroom!3._Theyputthemin
35、thecornerofthesitting4._on_chose_tall_it动词形介词短语常常考，习惯用法要记住还要注意形和副代词格，细领悟2009高考英语短文改错模拟训练第65页/共71页room.Katewascovereditwithalotof5._Christmaslight.Thesittingroomlooked6._reallybeautifullyatthemoment.Therewas7._afireburninthefireplace,andtheChristmas8._treelightswereshinningbrightly.Jimorhis9._parents
36、singinganddancinghappily.10._was_lights_beautifulwere动词形还要注意形和副动词形名词数逻辑错误须关注and非谓语，细辨别burning第66页/共71页短文改错应注意的问题1.在有错行改动一词。2.改变实词形式，不能将一个实词换成另一个实词.3.最小限度地改变单词形式.4.添加或删除虚词(如冠词，介词等).5.多改正，少添加或删除.6.最大限度地保持句子和短文原意.第67页/共71页四不改：1.单词拼写不改。2.大小写不改。3.词序不改。4.标点符号不改。第68页/共71页DearAlice,Ihavejustgotsomegoodnewst
37、otelltoyou.1._Iwinanationalprizeforpaintinglastweek.2._Myfatherwassopleasingthathesuggested3._IgotoEnglandforaholiday.Idliketostaying4._thereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterest5._orpracticingmyEnglishaswell.Wevebeen6._第二个to删去win-wonpleasing-pleasedstaying-stayplace-placesor-and第69页/共71页Writingtoeachfornearlyayearnow.Ihave7._oftendreamedoftalkfacetofacewithyou.8._Iimagineyoullbeatvacationyourselfbythat9._time.Perhapswecouldgoouttodosome10._sightseeingtogether.Bestwishes！Lilyeach后加othertalk-talkingat-on第70页/共71页感谢您的观看！第71页/共71页