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1、关于句子成分简单句的种基本句型句子种类第1页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日（一）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。（一）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。(但在但在there bethere be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。)主语可由名词、主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式（代词、数词、不定式（to doto do）、动名词）、动名词(doing)(doing)、名、名词化的形容词词化的形容词(the+adj)(the+adj)和主语从句和
2、主语从句等表示。例如：1 During the 1990s,American country music has become more and more popular2 We often speak English in class.3 One-third of the students in this class are girls.4 To swim in the river is a great pleasure.5 Smoking does harm to the health.6 The rich should help the poor.7 When we are going
3、to have an English test has not been decided.8 It is necessary to master a foreign language.第2页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日（二）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特（二）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词或动词短语在句中作谓语，一般征和状态。动词或动词短语在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.I
4、plantobuyababycarriage(婴儿车)formylittlenephewEveryonelooksforwardtoaholiday,right?Hegetsupatseveneverymorning.第3页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日2、复合谓语：（、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。(be doing,havehashad done)如如：Youcankeepthebookfortwoweeks.HewillgiveuptheEnglishtrainingcourse.Ihavetogonow.Hehascaughtaba
5、dcold.Theoldmanwastakingcareofthe10-day-oldbaby.Thebabywastryingtosuckmilkfromafeedingbottle(奶瓶).DoyouuseWeChat?Ididntexpecthimtobesuchanidiot.Thefatuous(昏庸的)leaderpreventedherfrombeingpromoted（晋升）.HerhusbandhelpedherwithRussia.Fromyouraccent,youmustcomefromthesouthofChina.TheLegendofZhenHuanhasbeen
6、watchedbymeforfivetimes.第4页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日 系动词也属于谓语系动词也属于谓语 Theoldmanwasasecretary10yearsago.LiYifenglookssohandsomeandattractive;itisnowonderthatheiscalledPeoplescampushunk.(国民校草)第5页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日（三）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状（三）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如态，它一般位于系动词（如be,become,get,turn,grow,go(变得变得),loo
7、k（看起来）（看起来）,sound（听起来）（听起来）,smell（闻起来）（闻起来）,taste（尝（尝起来）起来）,feel（摸起来）（摸起来）,keep,stay,(保持保持)，seem,appear（似乎）（似乎）等）之后。表语一般等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、名词、代词、形容词形容词、数词、介词短语、副词，、数词、介词短语、副词，不定式、动名词、分词（通常可用作形容词的分不定式、动名词、分词（通常可用作形容词的分词），及表语从句表示词），及表语从句表示。例如第6页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.Isityours?Thew
8、eatherhasturnedcold.Thespeechsoundsexciting.Youdontlookhappy.Thegirlsstraighthairfeelssmooth(光滑Threetimessevenistwentyone?HisjobistoteachEnglish.Hishobbyisplayingfootball.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.（介词短语）Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副词）Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.第7页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日（四）宾语（四）宾语：宾语表示动
9、作的对象或内容（或者说宾语表示动作的对象或内容（或者说承爱者），一般位于及物动词和介词后面。宾语承爱者），一般位于及物动词和介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和宾语从句等表示。（不及物动词没化的形容词和宾语从句等表示。（不及物动词没有宾语，初中常见不及物动词：有宾语，初中常见不及物动词：come,go,arrive,get(到达到达),stay,work,live,look,listen,talk,agree,等）等）第8页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日1Theysawanexhibitionyesterday.2Theh
10、eavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.3Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.Hepretendednottoseeme.4Theycametohelpthedisabledmanoutoftrouble.5Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.6Sheworkedhardtoearnmuchmoney.7Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.8Helistenedcarefullyandpatiently.9Thepatienthasstayed
11、athospitalforamonth.10Idontagreewithyou.第9页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日11Couldyoulendmeyourdictionary?lendyourdictionarytome12Givemethatbook.13MissSongteachesmeEnglish.14Canyoushowmeyournewcellphone?15TellmeMrLisphonenumber.16Canyoubuymethetapshoes?17Willyousingmeasong?第10页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日初中英语中常见能加双宾语的动词：英语中常见能加双宾语
12、的动词：1 give,tell,show,teach,lend,pass,offer 2 buy,sing 等等等等givesbsthgivesthtosbbuysbsthbuysthforsb第11页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日Lead-in1Passmethepen.2Isawthebabycryinghardbecauseofhismothersabsence.3ManyfanscallLuoZhixianglittlepig.第12页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日（五）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一（五）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，对宾语
13、进行个宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，对宾语进行补充说明，才能使句子的意义完整。初中常见带补充说明，才能使句子的意义完整。初中常见带有宾语补足语的动词为：有宾语补足语的动词为：see,look at,watch,observe,notice;hear,listen to;find;have,make（使得）（使得）;name,call（称呼（称呼为）为）;ask,want,advise,order 等等等等。宾补可由。宾补可由名名词、形容词、副词、介词短语词、形容词、副词、介词短语,不定式不定式、分词、分词、和从句充当。例如：和从句充当。例如：第13页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日1Wesawhe
14、renteringtheroom.2Wewillsoonmakeourcitymorebeautiful3Youmustntorderhimtolendhismoneytoyou.4Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.5HisfathernamedhimDongming.6Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.第14页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日（六）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称（六）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。译为为定语。译为“的的”定语可由以下等成分表定语可由以下等成分表示：示：形容词，名词，数词，代词，介词短
15、语，定形容词，名词，数词，代词，介词短语，定语从句语从句,to do ,doing,done 等等1 Guilinisabeautifulcity.2Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.3HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.4ThemanwhohasntbeentotheGreatWallisntagoodman.5ThebagonthedeskisMissSongs.6Till2013,thenumberofmedicaltouriststoKoreaisupto25,176.第15页，讲稿共41张，创作
16、于星期日7Apersonwholooksgoodandlikeseatingcanbecalledfoodie;apersonlookingawfulandinterestedineatingcanonlybecalledabigeater(饭桶).8Lifeisaprocessofchasingdreams.第16页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日（七）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，（七）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：由以下形式表示：副词副词，介词短语，状语从句，介词短语，状语
17、从句to do ,doing,done,名词等名词等1Lighttravelsmostquickly.2HanHanisaverytalentedmanwhoiscalledPeoplesfather-in-law.3Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.4Ifyoubegintheprogram,youmustcontinue.第17页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日 状语种类如下：时间状语，地点状语，条件状语种类如下：时间状语，地点状语，条件状语，伴随状语，目的状语，原因状语，方式状语，伴随状语，目的状语，原因状语，方式状语，让步状语，结果状语，比较状语。状语，让步状语
18、，结果状语，比较状语。1Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?2Lastnightshedidntgotothedancepartybecauseoftherain.3Ishallgothereifitdoesntrain.4MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.5Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.6Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.7Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.第18页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日8Hewassotir
19、edthathefellasleepimmediately.9Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.10Iamtallerthanheis.第19页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日一、分析下列句子句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.Hetookmanyphotosofthepa
20、lacesinBeijing.9.HeistoleaveforShanghaitomorrow.10.Hiswishistobecomeascientist.第20页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日11.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15.Tobehonest;yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddre
21、ss?17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.20.Theapplestastedsweet.第21页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日 简单句的简单句的5种基本句型种基本句型一一 简单句简单句 只含一个主谓结构的句子（有时有并列主语或只含一个主谓结构的句子（有时有并列主语或并列谓语动词）叫做简单句。并列谓语动词）叫做简单句。1 Mosquitoes are the No.1 killer.(Bill Gates)2 Man ca
22、n conquer nature.(人定胜天人定胜天)3 We talk in primary school classes,write in middle school classes,think in high school classes and surf the internet in college classes.4 If you often drink,mosquitoes like you.5 Xiao Jingteng was ridiculed(开涮开涮)on the internet and he was named Rain God by the netizens.第2
23、2页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日二二 简单句的基本句型。简单句的基本句型。1.主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词(S+V)Thetimepassedquickly.2.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语 (S+V+O)Wehaveplantedalotoftreesinourhometown.3.主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语 (S+V+C)Computersareusefulinpeopleslife.4.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)Heboughtmeabirthdaypresent.5.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足
24、语宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)MissWangsawherhusbandgointoahotelwithabeautifullady.第23页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日初中英语中常见的不及物动词及词组：英语中常见的不及物动词及词组：come,go,arrive,get(到达到达)，stay,walk,run,jump,work,live,sleep,look,listen,smile,laugh,talk,cry,agree,die,happen,change,appear,belong,fall,rise,sit,stand,lie,last（持续持续）,fail,succeed,等等等等
25、 get up,break down/up/out,take place,come back/out/in,go back/out/in,get by(凑凑合合)，drop by(顺便来访顺便来访)，go shopping/swimming/skating/hunting 等等等等第24页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日三三 指出下面句子分别属于哪个句型。指出下面句子分别属于哪个句型。1Iwillspendthissummerholidayinthecountryside.2Theonlyreasonforbeingsingleisugliness.3InthecountrysideIcanenj
26、oyacomfortableandquietlife.5Icanhearbirdssinginginthegreentrees.7Allthiswillbeinterestingandgoodformyhealth.8SoIwanttogotothecountrysideforachange.9ThismorningourteachertoldussomethinginterestingabouttheHopeProjectinclass.10Ablindmanwaswalkingslowlyandcarefullywithastickinhishand.第25页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日1
27、1Friendsmadeourlifefullofexcitement,imaginationandromance.13Someweakchildrenoftencriedinfaceofdifficulties.14TheycametoseeJaysconcertyesterday.15IhadsuchabigcrushonTFBoys.16Whenwefirststarteddating,hewasthewholeworldtome.17Istoppedmyjobandwenttohiscitytolookforhim.18TenyearspassedandIgotnothingbutag
28、es.第26页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日1.MissSong每天早晨10点起床在暑假期间。_2.那天晚上我们谈了很多。(alot可修饰动词)_3.会议将持续两个小时。(last)_4.我们的第一夫人能流利地说英语fluently_5.你们必须在两周之内看完那些书。_第27页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日6.写完作文后，我们必须检查一遍。goover_7.他指出我的作文中的错误。pointout,composition_8.女儿是父母的贴心小棉袄（appleofoneseyes）_9.她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。nursery_10.树叶已经变黄了。_第28页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日11.
29、这个报告听起来很有意思。_12.他把车票给列车员看。conductor_13.请把那本字典递给我好吗？dictionary_14.每天早晨，我们都听到我们漂亮的女班长大声朗读英语。_15.我们都认为MissSong是一个很棒的老师（considersbtobeas）(consider+宾语+宾补)_第29页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日 句子种类句子种类 高中英语句子种类高中英语句子种类 按使用目的，句子可分为按使用目的，句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句，句子按其结陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句，句子按其结构可以分为简单句，并列句和复合句。构可以分为简单句，并列句和复合句。第30页，讲稿
30、共41张，创作于星期日（一）按使用目的，句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。1）陈述句（DeclarativeSentences）：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。例如：Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Thefilmisratherboring.2）疑问句（InterrogativeSentences）：提出问题。有以下四种：a.一般疑问句（GeneralQuestions）：Canyoufinishtheworkintime?b.特殊疑问句（Wh-Questions）：Wheredoyoulive?c.选择疑问句（AlternativeQuestions）：Doyo
31、uwantteaorcoffee?d.反意疑问句（Tag-Questions）：Hedoesntknowher,doeshe?他不认识她，对不对？第31页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日3）祈使句（ImperativeSentences）：提出请求，要求，建议或发出命令。1Takethisseat.2Dontmove.3Letshaveanothertry.4Letsnottalkofthatmatter.祈使句1,2暗含的主语：_you第32页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日4）感叹句（ExclamatorySentences）：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。例如：Whatadummyperso
32、nyouare!WhatgreatchangesChinahashad！Whatcoolweatheritis!Howbeautifulourschoollooks!HowawesomeHappyCampis!感叹句的结构_What+a/an+adj+可数名词的单数（可数名词的单数（+主语主语+谓语）谓语）What+adj+可数名词复数或不可数名词（可数名词复数或不可数名词（+主语主语+谓语）谓语）How+adj（+主语主语+谓语）谓语）第33页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日Exercises:1TFBoys是多么火啊(popular)_2MrsLiu有一个多可爱的女儿啊_HowpopularT
33、FBoysis!WhatalovelydaughterMrsLiuhas!第34页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日（二）句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：1）简单句（SimpleSentences）：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。例如：Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.2）并列句（CompoundSentences）：包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句，句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接。常常由连词and/but/or等连接例如：1Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite.2PeoplecalledmeHandsomeHanyearsa
34、goandpeoplecallmedadnow.HanHan第35页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日3）复合句（ComplexSentences）：包含一个主句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句，从句由从属连词引导，比如定语从定语从句句,引导词：which,that,who,whom,as,when,where,why，状语从句状语从句，引导词：when,while,as,until,if,unless,once,although,though,because,since,so,asif,asthough,等)，名词性从句名词性从句（主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句）引导词：that,what,wh
35、ich,who,whom,how,why)等等1Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.2Whathediddisappointedus.3Themanwhohadbeenrobbedofhiscellphoneboughtanewcellimmediately第36页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日一判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句1.WeoftenstudyChinesehistoryonFridayafternoon.2.TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.3.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassT
36、wo.4.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.第37页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日6.Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isntit?7Thefarmerisshowingtheboyhowtoplantatree.8.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.第38页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日10OncealeaderofEducationDepartmentwasvisitingathree-roomschool.Oneroomwasverynoisy,sothemangrabbedat
37、allboywhohadbeenstandinguptalking.Theleadertooktheboyintoanotherroom,andthenhemadetheboystandinthecorner.Fiveminuteslater,asmalllboycameoutofthefirstroomandsaid,Whencanwehaveourteacherback?”第39页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日11Amothermousewasoutforawalkwithherbabieswhenshefoundacatlyingbehindabush.Shewatchedthecat,andthecatwatchedthemice.Mothermousebarkedlikeadog,Woof,woof,woof!(汪，汪，汪)Thecatwassoterrifiedthatitranforitslife.Mothermouseturnedtoherbabiesandsaid,Now,doyouunderstandthevalueofasecondlanguage？”第40页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第41页，讲稿共41张，创作于星期日