《高中英语句子成分和结构讲解精选PPT.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语句子成分和结构讲解精选PPT.ppt（31页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、关于高中英语句子成分和结构讲解现在学习的是第1页，共31页nounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing V-edetc.主主语语谓谓语语宾语宾语宾语宾语宾补宾补表语表语宾语宾语(间间)宾语宾语(直直)Vt系动词系动词ViNoun/PronounThe+adjV-ing/ClauseInfinitiveNoun/Pronoun/The+adjV-ing/Clause/Infinitivebe/feel/seem/lookappear/stand/lie become/get/grow/turn go/come/remain/keeptaste/smell etc.nounpronou
2、nadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing/V-edclauseetc.现在学习的是第2页，共31页Members of a sentence主语主语 subject谓语谓语 predicate宾语宾语 object表语表语 predicative宾补宾补 complement定语定语 attribute状语状语 adverbial同位语同位语 appositive现在学习的是第3页，共31页I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.主主语语谓谓语语定定语语宾宾语语同同位位语语状状语语现在学习的是第4页，共31页主语（主语（su
3、bject）句子说明的人或事物,主语一般位于_。句首句首Lily llikes her new bike.To learn English well is not easy.现在学习的是第5页，共31页（二）谓语（二）谓语（二）谓语（二）谓语（predicate)predicate)：由动词或动词短语充当，位置一般放于主语后面。由动词或动词短语充当，位置一般放于主语后面。He works very hard.谓语谓语谓语谓语The weather is very nice today.谓语谓语谓语谓语 He looked up the word in the dictionary.谓语谓语现在
4、学习的是第6页，共31页 How many do you want?-I want two.They sent the injured to hospital.They asked to see my passport.I enjoy working with you.Did you write down what he said?(数数词词)(名名词词化的形容化的形容词词)(三三)宾语（宾语（object）动作的对象或承受者，动作的对象或承受者，由由n.或相当于或相当于n.的词担任。的词担任。置于置于_或或_之后。之后。（不定式）（不定式）（动名词）（动名词）（句子）（句子）及物动词及物动词
5、介词介词现在学习的是第7页，共31页 通通常常情情况况下下，指指物物的的叫叫直直接接宾宾语语，指指人人的的叫叫间间接接宾语。间接宾语多放在直接宾语之前。宾语。间接宾语多放在直接宾语之前。间接间接宾语宾语直接直接宾语宾语please pass me the book.He bought his girlfriend some flowers.He gave me some books.现在学习的是第8页，共31页（四）（四）定语定语定语定语:(attribute)(attribute)（Noun/Pronoun）这是一节生动有趣的课这是一节生动有趣的课这是一节生动有趣的课这是一节生动有趣的课Th
6、is is a lively and interesting class.有一些难题要处理有一些难题要处理There is something difficult to deal with.前置定语前置定语后置定语后置定语Tips:Tips:形容词作定语时通常放在被修饰词的前面，而介词短语、不形容词作定语时通常放在被修饰词的前面，而介词短语、不形容词作定语时通常放在被修饰词的前面，而介词短语、不形容词作定语时通常放在被修饰词的前面，而介词短语、不定式短语则放在被修饰词之后。定式短语则放在被修饰词之后。定式短语则放在被修饰词之后。定式短语则放在被修饰词之后。现在学习的是第9页，共31页（五）（五
7、）表语（表语（表语（表语（predicativepredicative）连系动词连系动词连系动词连系动词1.be1.be动词(am,is,are,was,were)(am,is,are,was,were)3.3.感官动词感官动词(look,smell,hear,feel(look,smell,hear,feel)+表语表语表语表语2.2.表状态变化的动词(get/become/turn/keep/remain/stay)My sister is a nurse.She got angry.现在学习的是第10页，共31页I found the book interesting.Do you sm
8、ell something burning?He made himself known to them.（六）（六）宾语补宾语补足足语语 （object complement）现在学习的是第11页，共31页(七七七七)同位语同位语同位语同位语:(appositive)我们有两个孩子，一男一女我们有两个孩子，一男一女我们有两个孩子，一男一女我们有两个孩子，一男一女We have two children,a boy and a girl.那人是我的老师，他从来都不骑自行车那人是我的老师，他从来都不骑自行车The man,my teacher,never rides a bike.当两个同一事物的
9、句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用当两个同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用当两个同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用当两个同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分可被用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语。来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语。来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语。来说明或解释另一个句子成分，前者就叫做后者的同位语。现在学习的是第12页，共31页八八八八.状语状语:(adverbial)(adverbial)状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分；按用途分，状语是修饰动词，形容词，
10、副词以及全句的句子成分；按用途分，状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分；按用途分，状语是修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分；按用途分，可分为可分为可分为可分为时间，地点，原因，结果，目的，条件，让步，程度，时间，地点，原因，结果，目的，条件，让步，程度，方式，伴随状况方式，伴随状况等。等。现在学习的是第13页，共31页表时间：yesterday,today,tomorrow Shall we go shopping today or tomorrow?我们是今天还是明天出去买东西啊？我们是今天还是明天出去买东西啊？我们是今天还是明天出去买东西啊？我们是今天还是明天出去买东西啊？
11、表地点：in China,at the airport I saw a student in the classroom.我在教室里看见一个学生我在教室里看见一个学生我在教室里看见一个学生我在教室里看见一个学生现在学习的是第14页，共31页表原因:because,as,for,since他因为生病所以今天没有去上学他因为生病所以今天没有去上学 Because he was ill,he didnt go to school today.表结果：to+do,v+ing,从句那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了那个男孩从树上掉下来了，头撞到地上了那个男孩从树上掉
12、下来了，头撞到地上了The boy fell off the tree,striking his head against the ground.表目的:in order to,in order that,for the purpose为了考入一个更好的学校，我必须更加努力为了考入一个更好的学校，我必须更加努力In order to get into a better school,I must study even harder.现在学习的是第15页，共31页表条件:as/so long as,if,unless,只要努力学习，你就会取得好成绩只要努力学习，你就会取得好成绩As long a
13、s you study hard,you can get a high mark.表让步:in spite of,despite,although,though他虽然不认识我，但却帮了我他虽然不认识我，但却帮了我他虽然不认识我，但却帮了我他虽然不认识我，但却帮了我He helped me although he didnt know me.表程度:very,enough,to some extent那里的风景非常漂亮那里的风景非常漂亮那里的风景非常漂亮那里的风景非常漂亮The scenery there is very beautiful.现在学习的是第16页，共31页表方式:like tha
14、t,as,as if不要那样看我不要那样看我Dont look at me like that!表伴随状况：老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书The teacher came into the classroom,catching a book in his hand.with现在学习的是第17页，共31页画出下列句子的状语画出下列句子的状语 I will be back in a while.They are playing on the playground.He was late because he got
15、up late.He got up so late that I missed the train.I waited to see you.He often went to school by bus.His parents died,leaving him an orphan.Please call me if it is necessary.This book is very interesting.He went to school in spite of his illness.现在学习的是第18页，共31页consolidation现在学习的是第19页，共31页指出下列句子划线部分是
16、什么句子成分：指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1.The students got on the school bus.2.He handed me the newspaper.3.I shall answer your question after class.4.What a beautiful Chinese painting!5.They went hunting together early in the morning.6.His job is to train swimmers.7.He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8
17、.He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.9.His wish is to become a scientist.10.Do you have anything else to say?现在学习的是第20页，共31页Five basic sentence pattern英语五大基本句型英语五大基本句型一一:(主主谓谓)二二:(主系表主系表)三三:(主主谓谓宾宾)四四:(主主谓谓间宾间宾直直宾宾)五五:(主主谓谓宾宾宾补宾补)现在学习的是第21页，共31页1.(主主谓谓)是是不及物不及物动词动词1.The sun rose.2.What he said does
18、 not matter.3.They talked for half an hour.现在学习的是第22页，共31页 2.+(系系动词动词)+(表表语语)1.The dinner smells good.2.Everything looks different.3.Our well has gone dry.4.His face turned red.现在学习的是第23页，共31页3.S+V+O(V是及物动词是及物动词)例如：1.I saw a film yesterday.2.They built a house last year.3.You should look after your
19、children well.现在学习的是第24页，共31页4.S+V+O1+O2(V是及物动词是及物动词)在此句式中，V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的带有双宾语的动词有give,ask,bring,offer,send,pay,lend,show,tell,buy,get,rob,warn等。例：she ordered herself a new dress.she cooked her husband a delicious meal.现在学习的是第25页，共31页5.S+V+O+C The war made him a soldier.New methods make the job ea
20、sy.Tips：宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系现在学习的是第26页，共31页a.b.c.d.e.1.Please tell us a story._2.She smiled._3.His job is to train swimmers._4.He noticed a man enter the room._5.Please look at the picture._dabec Practice 现在学习的是第27页，共31页Nobody went.She became a doctor.The car caught fire.I will write you a long letter.I
21、 will let him go.主主 +谓谓主主+系系 +表表主主 +谓谓 +宾宾主主+谓谓 +间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语主主+谓谓 +宾宾+宾补宾补现在学习的是第28页，共31页Translate the following sentences into English1.你的故事听起来很有趣。2.我感到有一点累。3.我妹妹是在农村长大的。4.这家医院创建于1950年。5.他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。现在学习的是第29页，共31页6、他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。7、顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？8、下学期谁教你们生物？9、他总是把他的卧室收拾得干干净净10、什么促使你这样想的？现在学习的是第30页，共31页感感谢谢大大家家观观看看现在学习的是第31页，共31页