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1、Can you recognize this kind of plant?Chinese Mugwort 艾草第1页/共37页第2页/共37页Which festival will cross your mind at the sight of the picture of Qu Yuan?第3页/共37页Dragon Boat Festival 第4页/共37页About its nameThe Dragon Boat Festival is also called the Duanwu Festival.Since it is celebrated on the fifth day of
2、the fifth month according to the Chinese Lunar calendar,it earns another name Double Fifth Festival.Actually,it has a variety of names in Chinese.第5页/共37页List 端阳节龙舟节午日节五月节浴兰节第6页/共37页 PopularityIt is a popular and traditional festival celebrated by the Hans,Koreans,Mongolians,Huis,Yis,Bais,Miaos,Zhua
3、ngs and others,altogether 27 of the 56 nationalities in China.And now the Asian people,including Japanese,Vietnamese,etc.第7页/共37页The origins of Dragon Boat FestivalThere are a great many of legends There are a great many of legends about the origin of Dragon Boat about the origin of Dragon Boat Fest
4、ival.The most popular theory of Festival.The most popular theory of the origin of the festival is that it was the origin of the festival is that it was derived from the activities derived from the activities commemorating commemorating kmemreiti（纪念）（纪念）Qu Yuan.The story about Qu Yuan has Qu Yuan.The
5、 story about Qu Yuan has been deeply rooted in Chinese culture been deeply rooted in Chinese culture and this festival,so it is definitely a and this festival,so it is definitely a very important factor for the origin of very important factor for the origin of the festival.the festival.第8页/共37页Qu Yu
6、ans drowning into the Miluo RiverQu Yuan was a minister of the State of Chu situated in present-day Hunan and Hubei provinces,during the Warring States Period(475-221BC)（战国时期）.He was upright,loyal and highly esteemed（德高望重）for his wise counsel kaunsl（进谏）that brought peace and prosperity to the state.
7、第9页/共37页However,when a dishonest and corrupt prince vilified vilifaid（中伤）Qu Yuan,he was disgraced,dismissed from office,and eventually exiled.During his exile,Qu Yuan did not give up.He traveled extensively,taught and wrote about his ideas.His works,the Lament lment(Li Sao),the Nine Chapters(Jiu Zha
8、ng),are masterpieces and invaluable for studying ancient Chinese culture.第10页/共37页He saw the He saw the gradual decline gradual decline of his of his motherland,the motherland,the Chu State.And Chu State.And when he heard when he heard that the Chu that the Chu State was State was defeated by the de
9、feated by the strong Qin State,strong Qin State,he was so he was so despaired that he despaired that he ended his life by ended his life by flinging himself flinging himself into the Miluo into the Miluo River.River.第11页/共37页It was said that after people heard he drowned,they were greatly dismayed.F
10、ishermen raced to the spot in their boats to search for his body.Unable to find his body,people threw rice dumplings,eggs and other food into the river to feed fish,hoping to secure his corpse.Since then,people started to commemorate Qu Yuan through dragon boat races,eating rice dumplings and other
11、activities,on the anniversary of his death,the 5th of the fifth month.第12页/共37页This is said to be the origin of the present nation-wide custom,which is the common peoples expression of grief over Qus death.第13页/共37页But since some of the well-known traditions of the festival already existed even befo
12、re Qu Yuan,other origins of the festival were also suggested.Wen Yiduo suggested that the festival may be associated with dragon closely because two of the most important activities of the festival,dragon boat racing and eating rice dumplings,are related to dragon.第14页/共37页Another view is that the f
13、estival is originated from the taboo 禁忌 of evil days.The fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar is traditionally considered an evil month and the 5th of the month is particularly a bad day,so a lot of taboo had been developed.第15页/共37页Customs How do you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in your
14、hometown?第16页/共37页 Rice Dumplings Rice Dumpling is a pyramid dumpling made of glutinous lu:tins rice（糯米）（糯米）wrapped in bamboo or reed（芦苇）leaves.第17页/共37页Rice Dumplings The people of Chu who mourned the death of Qu Yuan threw rice balls into the river to feed fishes,so the fishes wouldnt eat his body
15、,every year on the fifth day of the fifth month.But one year,the spirit of Qu Yuan appeared and told the mourners that a huge reptile reptail（爬行动物）in the river had stolen the rice.The spirit then advised them to wrap the rice in silk and bind（绑）it with five different-colored threads before tossing（投
16、）it into the river.第18页/共37页Ingredients of rice dumplingsIngredients such as beans,lotus seeds（莲子）,chestnuts（栗子）,pork and the yolk juk（蛋黄）of a salted duck egg are often added to the glutinous rice.第19页/共37页Dragon boat races第20页/共37页The dragon-boat races symbolize the many attempts to rescue and reco
17、ver Qus body.A typical dragon boat ranges from 50-100 feet in length,with a beam（梁）of about 5.5 feet,accommodating two paddlers seated side by side.第21页/共37页Today,people hold the race differently from place to place.Here are some instances.第22页/共37页Hubei Province1.Along the Miluo River in Hubei Prov
18、ince,the festival celebrators hold a grand opening ceremony before the race starts.2.At the ceremony dozonds of men in new clothes,with burning candles in hands,walk around boats three times to show worship of Lu Ban.第23页/共37页3.Then they carry,on their shoulders,an image of a dragons head to the Tem
19、ple of Qu Yuan.4.Finally,they tie red ribbons to the boats and pull them into the river for the race.5.At the crack of a signal gun,the boats race ahead like discharged arrows fitted to bowstrings 弓弦.第24页/共37页Xiamen and ZhangzhouIn the areas of Xiamen and Zhangzhou of Fujian Province,a big wooden bo
20、at is arranged lying at the finishing line.When race boats reach the line,a number of ducks are released from the big wooden boat into the river for all the racers to catch amid mid（在 之中）thunderous cheers of spectators on the banks.第25页/共37页Chinese Dragon Boat RaceRecently,CCTV held the Chinese Drag
21、on Boat Race around the oriental world,many teams get involved the long-term race during the whole year.And Wujin District got a race division.We can see the powerful athletes and gorgeous teams in April every year.第26页/共37页Hanging mugwort plants It is said that hanging mugwort plants can protect pe
22、ople from ill fortune.第27页/共37页第28页/共37页This custom hangs an interesting folk tale.Towards the end of the Tang Dynasty(618-907)a nation-wide peasant uprising took place.It is said that one day the leader Huang Chao,commanding his army,came to present Dengxian County of Henan Province to survey the t
23、errain terein （地形）for a battle.第29页/共37页Huang came across a panic-stricken woman who held a child about six years old in one arm and took a child about three years old by the hand.Puzzled,Huang dismounted from his horse and asked why she behaved so.The woman replied in a plaintive voice,“The older i
24、s an orphan and the younger is my own son.In case we run into Huang Chaos soldiers,I would flee with the older alone at the sacrifice of my own son.”第30页/共37页Huang was moved by the reply,pulling up two mugwort plants at the roadside immediately and gave them to her.Huang added:“Tell the poor residen
25、ts in Dengzhou city to hang this kind of mugwort plants on their doors.Seeing this sign,my soldiers will not kill them.”the next day,Huang Chaos army captured Dengzhou city,killed the magistrate mdistrit(地方官员）,and distributed grain from the official granaries rnri（谷仓）to the poor.That day happened to
26、 be the Dragon Boat Festival;hence the custom of hanging mugwort plants on doors.第31页/共37页Drinking realgar ril（雄黄）wine第32页/共37页It is said that,on the day of Qu Yuans death,an old practitioner of Chinese medicine poured a jar of realgar wine into the Miluo River,supposedly to make drunk the dragon an
27、d other aquatic animals which might devour Qu Yuans corpse.第33页/共37页Yet the present custom is a little different from what it used to be.At the festival,adults of a family drink it as a prevention against vermin v:min（害虫）and children,who are unfit to drink wine,have some of the wine applied to their
28、 noses and ears for the same purpose.第34页/共37页World HeritageThe Dragon Boat Festival comprising ceremonies,dances,performances,games,and the preparation of food and beverages,is carried out in an atmosphere of harmony that strengthens social cohesion kuhi:n（凝聚力）,and is regarded and transmitted by Chinese from generation to generation as part of our cultural identity.第35页/共37页第36页/共37页感谢您的观看！第37页/共37页